SPECIFIC FEATURES OF VARIANT ANATOMY AND MORPHOMETRIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PALATAL VAULT IN ADULTS WITH DIFFERENT GNATHIC AND DENTAL TYPES OF ARCHES

Cone-beam computed tomograms of 68 people (age — 21–35) with physiological occlusion and various gnathic dental arches were analyzed by a method developed for identifying the palatal arch index, taken as a height (depth)-to-width dimension ratio. The results of the study revealed that palatal parameters are determined by main variants (types) of the palatal vault. In case of the mesopalatal type of the arch (index value — 35–45%), the width parameters exceeded the depth values by an average of 2.4 times, while the divergence angle of alveolar processes was 116.7 ± 5.6°. The dolichopalatal type of the arch (index value – above 45%) featured domination of the width parameters over the depth-related ones, by an average of 1.8 times, while the alveolar processes divergence angle made up 127.6 ± 6.1°. As far as the brachypalatal type of the arch is concerned (index value — below 35%), the width parameters exceeded the depth parameters by 4.0 times on average, the divergence angle of the alveolar processes being 113.5 ± 5.3°. The obtained data can be used in clinical orthodontics when diagnosing pathologies of the palatal vault, as well as to interpret data from additional methods of examination and to choose the right treatment for issues related to the dental arch shape and size.

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A METHOD FOR MODELING ARTIFICIAL DENTURES IN PATIENTS WITH ADENTIA BASED ON INDIVIDUALSIZES OF ALVEOLAR ARCHES AND CONSTITUTION TYPE

Archiv Euromedica ◽

10.35630/2199-885x/2021/11/1.25 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 109-115

Author(s):

Dmitry Domenyuk ◽

Ghamdan Al-Harazi ◽

Vladimir Shkarin ◽

Sergei Dmitrienko ◽

Taisiya Kochkonyan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Graphical Method ◽

Age Groups ◽

Optimal Shape ◽

Dental Arch ◽

Aesthetic Results ◽

Biometric Measurements ◽

Upper Jaw ◽

Constitution Type ◽

Arch Index ◽

Arch Shape

87 persons of older age groups with complete adentia underwent somatometric (anthropometric) as well as biometric measurements with cast models of the toothless jaws. The linear and index somatometric parameters, and linear and index parameters for the upper jaw alveolar arches, were calculated. Alveolar arches were classified in view of the total sum of the diagonal dimensions (macro-, micro- and normodiagonal type), the arch index (brachy-, dolicho- and mesoarch type). Modelling the projected shape of the dental arch was based on the parameters of length (the sum of the alveolar arches diagonals multiplied by the 1.06 coefficient), width (the product of the width of the alveolar arches by a coefficient of 1.16). The depth of the dental arch frontal segment was calculated as the product of the diagonal by the incisor-canine angle sine, which in case of mesotrusion arches is 0.42 (angle value — 25°), for protrusion arches — 0.5 (angle value — 30°), for retrusion arches — 0.34 (angle value — 20°). Given the regularities of the circle geometry, the frontal segment dimensions served to determine the radius of the circle where the front teeth sat. The graphical method developed to construct the forecasted upper dental arch shape, based on the balance of the alveolar and dental arches major parameters, allows forecasting the optimal shape and size of the artificial dental arch, achieving a balanced relationship between the shapes of the teeth and the alveolar arches, as well as constructing a balanced articulatory relationship while achieving optimal functional and aesthetic results.

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Intrusion of maxillary molar roots into the maxillary sinus in a sample of the Egyptian population using cone beam computed tomography

Egyptian Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine ◽

10.1186/s43055-021-00540-y ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 52 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Esraa Ahmed Eid ◽

Fatma Mostafa El-Badawy ◽

Walaa Mohamed Hamed

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Maxillary Sinus ◽

Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽

Third Molar ◽

Cone Beam ◽

Egyptian Population ◽

Maxillary Molar ◽

Maxillary Sinus Floor ◽

Sinus Floor ◽

The Right

Abstract Background The proximity of the maxillary sinus floor to the maxillary molar roots increases the probability of oroantral communication on conducting any surgical or endodontic procedure in the involved area. The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between each maxillary molar root and maxillary sinus floor using cone beam computed tomography. Predicting the probability of protrusion of each root into the sinus will consequently predict the probability of occurrence of the oroantral fistula in a sample of the Egyptian population. Results The total number of roots located outside the sinus was 121 (35.3%), while those contacting the sinus floor were 80 (23.3%) and those intruded the sinus were 141 (41.2%). The percentage of root intrusion into the sinus in males (56.9%) was significantly (p = 0.01) higher than females (42.9%). The probability of root intrusion in the left molars (54.2%) was non-significantly (p = 0.067) higher than that of the right side (44.3%). As for the type of tooth, the second molar showed the highest probability of root intrusion into the sinus (55.3%) followed by the third molars (52.6%) then the first molars (40.9). According to the type of root, the mesiobuccal root showed the highest probability of intrusion into the sinus (50.9%) followed by the palatal root (49.1%) then the distobuccal root (47.4%). However, the difference in both type of tooth and type of root was statistically non-significant (p = 0.051 and 0.869 respectively). As for the individual root with the highest probability of intrusion, the mesio-buccal root of the right third molar is the most frequent root to intrude the sinus (71.4%) and the mesio-buccal root of the right first molar is the least frequent (22.7%). Conclusions In a sample of the Egyptian population, males exhibit higher probability of root protrusion into the sinus than females. The side and type of tooth are of higher impact on the probability of its intrusion into the sinus compared to the type of root. Left second molars are at a higher risk of oroantral communications on surgical or endodontic procedures compared to other molars due to its highest probability of intrusion into the sinus.

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Clinical Evaluation of Bracket Bonding Using Two Different Polymerization Sources

The Angle Orthodontist ◽

10.2319/072807-351.1 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 78 (5) ◽

pp. 922-925 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Nikolaos S. Koupis ◽

Theodore Eliades ◽

Athanasios E. Athanasiou

Keyword(s):

Failure Rate ◽

Orthodontic Treatment ◽

Light Emitting Diode ◽

Rank Test ◽

Dental Arch ◽

Halogen Lamp ◽

Failure Rates ◽

Bond Failure ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Right

Abstract Objective: To comparatively assess clinical failure rate of brackets cured with two different photopolymerization sources after nine months of orthodontic treatment. Materials and Methods: The sample of this study comprised 30 patients who received comprehensive orthodontic treatment by means of fixed appliances. Using the same adhesive, 600 stainless steel brackets were directly bonded and light cured for 10 seconds with the light-emitting diode (LED) lamp or for 20 seconds with the conventional halogen lamp. A split-mouth design randomly alternated from patient to patient was applied. Failure rates were recorded for nine months and analyzed with Pearson χ2 test, and log-rank test at α = .05 level of significance. Results: The overall failure rate recorded with the halogen unit (3.33%) was not significantly different from the failure rate for the LED lamp (5.00%). Significantly more failures were found in boys compared with girls, in the mandibular dental arch compared with the maxillary arch, and in posterior segments compared with anterior segments. However, no significant difference was found between the right and left segments. Conclusion: Both light-curing units showed sufficiently low bond failure rates. LED curing units are an advantageous alternative to conventional halogen sources in orthodontics because they enable a reduced chair-time bonding procedure without significantly affecting bond failure rate.

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Determining shapes and dimensions of dental arches for the use of straight-wire arches in lingual technique

Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics ◽

10.1590/2176-9451.19.5.116-122.oar ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 19 (5) ◽

pp. 116-122 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Silvana Allegrini Kairalla ◽

Giuseppe Scuzzo ◽

Tarcila Triviño ◽

Leandro Velasco ◽

Luca Lombardo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

T Test ◽

Dental Arch ◽

Anterior Portion ◽

Lingual Orthodontics ◽

Straight Wire ◽

Normal Occlusion ◽

Lingual Technique ◽

Males And Females ◽

Shape And Size ◽

Arch Shape

INTRODUCTION: This study aims to determine the shape and dimension of dental arches from a lingual perspective, and determine shape and size of a straight archwire used for lingual Orthodontics. METHODS: The study sample comprised 70 Caucasian Brazilian individuals with normal occlusion and at least four of Andrew's six keys. Maxillary and mandibular dental casts were digitized (3D) and the images were analyzed by Delcam Power SHAPET 2010 software. Landmarks on the lingual surface of teeth were selected and 14 measurements were calculated to determine the shape and size of dental arches. RESULTS: Shapiro-Wilk test determined small arch shape by means of 25th percentile (P25%) - an average percentile for the medium arch; and a large one determined by means of 75th percentile (P75%). T-test revealed differences between males and females in the size of 12 dental arches. CONCLUSION: The straight-wire arch shape used in the lingual straight wire technique is a parabolic-shaped arch, slightly flattened on its anterior portion. Due to similarity among dental arch sizes shown by males and females, a more simplified diagram chart was designed.

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Improvement of the prosthodontic treatment protocol in patients with TMD via functional diagnosis

Periodontology ◽

10.33925/1683-3759-2021-26-2-144-149 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (2) ◽

pp. 144-149

Author(s):

L. V. Dubova ◽

S. S. Prisyazhnykh ◽

N. V. Romankova ◽

D. I. Tagiltsev ◽

G. V. Maksimov

Keyword(s):

Treatment Protocol ◽

Cone Beam ◽

Control Group ◽

Central Position ◽

Optimal Position ◽

Electrical Nerve Stimulation ◽

Functional Diagnosis ◽

Stabilization Splint ◽

Lower Jaw ◽

The Right

Relevance. The purpose of the research is to improve the functional diagnosis protocol in prosthodontic treatment of patients with TMD.Materials and methods. The optimal position of the mandible was determined for each patient by two methods: 1) TENS (transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation) and 2) TENS + kinesiography. Then, the cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) data were analyzed to determine the most physiological position of the condyles.Results. The analysis of the CT scans of patients without TMD (control group) showed that the right and left condyles occupy an anterior or central symmetrical position relative to the glenoid fossa. In the first and second methods, the condyles occupy an anterior or central position, which is the most optimal position of the lower jaw for the manufacturing of an occlusal stabilization splint. The statistical coefficients allowed us to determine that the second method was more accurate, since the obtained values were lower than those of the first method.Conclusion. Based on the results of this study, we can conclude that the improvement of the protocol, namely a new method for determining the optimal position of the mandible is more time-consuming, but more accurate and allows increasing the effectiveness at all stages of treatment of patients with this pathology.

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Enigma of Fixed Retainers

Orthodontic Journal of Nepal ◽

10.3126/ojn.v7i2.20168 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 52-55

Author(s):

Jijo C Eapen ◽

Amit Prakash

Keyword(s):

Orthodontic Treatment ◽

Treatment Result ◽

Dental Arch ◽

Careful Evaluation ◽

Retention Period ◽

Treatment Situation ◽

Patient Cooperation ◽

Time Required ◽

Fixed Retainers ◽

Arch Shape

Fixed retainers are a reliable form of retention for avoiding relapse and maintaining dental arch shape. They function regardless of patient cooperation, and they fulfill high esthetic expectations. Teeth have tendency to return to their former position, as time required for retaining the treatment result. The most appropriate mode of retention for the post-treatment situation should be used, based on a careful evaluation of the patient’s pretreatment diagnostic records, habits, cooperation, growth pattern, and age. Retention after orthodontic intervention is as important part of the therapy as the active treatment. Age and maturity of the patients, result of the orthodontic intervention, origin and character of the anomaly, type of the retainer, compliance of the patients; all can influence the chance of relapse. The retention period should be twice longer than the active orthodontic treatment. This article covers various aspect of fixed retention in detail

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Analisis gambaran histogramdan densitas kamar pulpa pada gigi suspek pulpitis reversibel dan ireversibel dengan menggunakan radiografi cone beam computed tomography (Histogram and density analysis of irreversible and reversible pulpitissuspected tooth using cone beam computed tomography radiography)

Journal of Dentomaxillofacial Science ◽

10.15562/jdmfs.v13i2.401 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 122

Author(s):

Lusi Epsilawati ◽

Suhardjo Sitam ◽

Sam Belly ◽

Fahmi Oscandar

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Cone Beam ◽

Pulp Chamber ◽

Control Data ◽

Density Analysis ◽

The Right ◽

Irreversible Pulpitis ◽

Peak Value

Inflammation of the pulp is most common and difficult to diagnose. For it radiographs is necessary. One attempt to do is to assess its histogram and density. Radiography equipment that has the ability to analyze is cone beam computedtomography (CBCT). The purpose of this study is to analyze radiograph of the pulp chamber histogram: peak value,grayscale and trends, as well as the density on the condition reversible and irreversible pulpitis condition. The populationof this descriptive study is secondary data of CBCT-3D radiographs during 2012-2013. Selected sample of 75 data isreversible pulpitis, irreversible pulpitis 80 data, as well as 20 normal condition data as control. Data were analyzed byone way ANOVAand are presented in tables and graphs. The results showed that the value of the histogram under normalconditions showeda different significance for both the peak value of the reversible or irreversible pulpitis (p= 0.01). It isdifferent with a grayscale value, showed no significant different between normal with reversible pulpitis (p =0.997) and significantly different between normal and pulpitis reversible against pulpitis irrebversible (p= 0.03-0.01). There is a growing trend change is on the right direction of reversible and irreversible pulpitis. It was concluded that the irreversiblepulpitis, density and histogram shows the direction of more luscent compared with normal and reversible pulpitisconditions.

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Evaluation of Anatomoradiological Findings on Trigeminal Neuralgia Patients Using Computed Tomography and Cone-Beam Computed Tomography

Diagnostics ◽

10.3390/diagnostics12010073 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 73

Author(s):

Seçil Aksoy ◽

Arzu Sayın Şakul ◽

Durmuş İlker Görür ◽

Bayram Ufuk Şakul ◽

Kaan Orhan

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Trigeminal Neuralgia ◽

Cone Beam Ct ◽

Median Plane ◽

Cone Beam ◽

Foramen Ovale ◽

Percutaneous Procedures ◽

The Right ◽

And Control ◽

Supraorbital Foramen

The study aimed to establish and evaluate anatomoradiological landmarks in trigeminal neuralgia patients using computed tomography (CT) and cone-beam CT. CT images of 40 trigeminal neuralgia (TN) and 40 healthy individuals were retrospectively analyzed and enrolled in the study. The width and length of the foramen rotundum (FR), foramen ovale (FO), foramen supraorbitale, and infraorbitale were measured. The distances between these foramen, between these foramen to the median plane, and between the superior orbital fissure, FO, and FR to clinoid processes were also measured bilaterally. Variations were evaluated according to groups. Significant differences were found for width and length of the foramen ovale, length of the foramen supraorbitale, and infraorbitale between TN and control subjects (p < 0.05). On both sides, FO gets narrower and the length of the infraorbital and supraorbital foramen shortens in the TN group. In most of the control patients, the plane which passes through the infraorbital and supraorbital foramen intersects with impression trigeminale; 70% on the right-side, and 67% in the left-side TN groups. This plane does not intersect with impression trigeminale and deviates in certain degrees. The determination of specific landmarks allows customization to individual patient anatomy and may help the surgeon achieve a more selective effect with a variety of percutaneous procedures in trigeminal neuralgia patients.

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GINGIVAL THICKNESS ASSESSMENT AT MANDIBULAR INCISORS OF ORTHODONTIC PATIENTS WITH ULTRASOUND AND CONE-BEAM CT. A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

10.21203/rs.2.14838/v2 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Dimitrios Kloukos ◽

Lydia Kakali ◽

George Koukos ◽

Anton Sculean ◽

Andreas Stavropoulos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cone Beam ◽

Point Estimate ◽

Central Incisor ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Gingival Thickness ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Orthodontic Patients ◽

Clinically Significant ◽

The Right ◽

Mandibular Incisors

Abstract Background Quantitative and qualitative analysis of several periodontal parameters plays an important role in several dental procedures. Aim of the current study was to assess gingival thickness (GT) at mandibular incisors of orthodontic patients with two methods and determine how these methods are compared to each other when assessing periodontal anatomy through soft tissue thickness.Methods The sample consisted of 40 consecutive adult orthodontic patients. GT was measured at both central mandibular incisors, mid-facially on the buccal aspect, 2mm apically to the free gingival margin with two methods: a) clinically with an Ultrasound device (USD) and b) radiographically with Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT).Results CBCT measurements were consistently higher than USD measurements, with the difference ranging from 0.13 mm to 0.21 mm. No difference was noted between the repeated CBCT measurements at the right central incisor (Bias= 0.05 mm; 95% CI= -0.01, 0.11, p=0.104). Although the respective results for the left incisor indicated, statistically, that the measurements were not exactly replicated, the magnitude of the point estimate was small and not clinically significant (Bias= 0.06 mm; 95% CI= 0.01, 0.11, p=0.014). Small differences between CBCT measurements made by the 2 examiners at the left central incisor (bias= 0.06 mm, 95% CI= 0.01, 0.11, p=0.014) were detected. However, this difference was minor, and again, not clinically significant. The respective analysis on the right incisor showed no significant difference (bias= 0.05 mm, 95% CI= -0.01, 0.11, p=0.246).Conclusions Present data indicate that CBCT measurements were highly reproducible and yielded greater values compared to USD measurements.

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Variant Anatomy of Hypoglossal Canal: An Osteological Study in North Indian Population

Academia Anatomica International ◽

10.21276/aanat.2020.6.1.9 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 40-42

Author(s):

Yadav S ◽

Pandey P ◽

Pasricha N ◽

Bhatnagar R

Keyword(s):

Clinical Relevance ◽

Indian Population ◽

North Indian Population ◽

Hypoglossal Canal ◽

Posterior Condylar ◽

Human Skulls ◽

The Right ◽

Variant Anatomy

Introduction: To assess the presence of duplicated hypoglossal canal. Subjects and Methods: A total of 80 dried human skulls were collected from the Anthropology lab of the department of Anatomy K.G.M.U.,U. P., Lucknow, India. The skulls were examined for duplicated hypoglossal canal and presence of posterior condylar canal. Theskulls were closely inspected with the use of hand lens. Results: We observed bilateral duplicated hypoglossal canal in 3 skulls (3.75%), Unilateral duplication was seen in 15 skulls (18.75%) [i.e.7 on the right side and 8 on the left side]. We observed that the presence of duplicated hypoglossal canal was mostly associated with the presence of posterior condylar canal. Conclusion: Duplicated hypoglossal canal in humans may result in minor degrees of alterations in the movements of the tongue due to entrapment of nerve during ossification. The clinical relevance of this knowledge is important for radiologists and neurosurgeons.

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