Cardiotoxicity with antihypertensive drugs (literature review). Part II. Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and multi-drug intoxication

Overdose with angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, especially in combination with other cardiovascular drugs, is limited by a small number of publications. A serious problem is an overdose with combined drugs with a fixed dose and poisoning with several drugs at the same time. ACE inhibitors poisoning has serious complications and can lead to a fatal outcome. Acute ACE inhibitors poisoning comes out in disorders of hemocirculation, where one of the predisposing mechanisms of decompensation of blood circulation is the failure of cardiomyocytes, the pathogenesis of which is not fully studied. Therefore, the currently used the methods of cardio- and hemodynamic disorders correction which are currently used do not always give a positive effect. The review highlights the difficulties of clinical and functional diagnosis and treatment of overdose with ACE inhibitors, combined drugs with a fixed dose, as well as poisoning with several drugs.

Diagnostics of methods development for eco-oriented life activity of an individual in the cultural landscape

The article presents the author’s methodology for assessing eco-oriented vital students’ activities in the cultural landscape. The study aims to develop theoretical and methodological grounds for diagnosing the maturity of eco-oriented life activity methods in schoolchildren under the surrounding cultural landscape. The theoretical basis comprises the provisions of the integral situational approach, the theoretical aspects of the subject-subject type of eco-psychological interaction, the ideas of the pedagogical technology of culturally oriented critical situations. The diagnostic method assumes engaging schoolchildren in implementing an integral project that incorporates individual projects related to the continuity principle. They reflect a certain maturity level of environmentally oriented life individual’s activities in the cultural landscape. The levels are facilitated with a task system, and the task number determines the functional diagnosis comprehensiveness.

COMPETENCY-BASED PHYSIOTHERAPY EDUCATION IN INDIAN CONTEXT

The education system in the health care profession is evolving with an increase in knowledge and tremendous advances in technology as per the emerging needs of society. The trend in Physiotherapy education should also change as our knowledge base changes and as the needs, or the perceived needs, of patients, medical practitioners, clinician physiotherapists, and society change. This change occurs through planning and accepting the concept of the dynamic nature of the curriculum. Competence-based education (CBE) is pertinent to this shift and is widely implemented in various universities and institutions overseas. Physiotherapy professional helps to restore movement and function when someone is affected by injury, illness or disability. The development of competent health care professionals is the need of an hour, to achieve this curriculum should be well structured with the attainment of the desired competency as the final goal. Competence-based education encompasses identification of competency, components of competency, teaching-learning methods, vigorous assessment tools, and proper planning for implementation by the institution. Comprehensive examination, functional impairments, disability evaluation, and functional diagnosis are the basic required competencies in Physiotherapy Undergraduate. Thus the objective of this review is to provide a brief idea about its significance in physiotherapy schools and currently how the implementation is under process at Physiotherapy Institutions under Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences (DMIMS) an autonomous institute in Maharashtra, India.

Improvement of the prosthodontic treatment protocol in patients with TMD via functional diagnosis

Relevance. The purpose of the research is to improve the functional diagnosis protocol in prosthodontic treatment of patients with TMD.Materials and methods. The optimal position of the mandible was determined for each patient by two methods: 1) TENS (transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation) and 2) TENS + kinesiography. Then, the cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) data were analyzed to determine the most physiological position of the condyles.Results. The analysis of the CT scans of patients without TMD (control group) showed that the right and left condyles occupy an anterior or central symmetrical position relative to the glenoid fossa. In the first and second methods, the condyles occupy an anterior or central position, which is the most optimal position of the lower jaw for the manufacturing of an occlusal stabilization splint. The statistical coefficients allowed us to determine that the second method was more accurate, since the obtained values were lower than those of the first method.Conclusion. Based on the results of this study, we can conclude that the improvement of the protocol, namely a new method for determining the optimal position of the mandible is more time-consuming, but more accurate and allows increasing the effectiveness at all stages of treatment of patients with this pathology.

Complex assessment of athletes’ operative status and its correction during competitions, based on the body impedance analysis

Background and Study Aim. The aim of this research was assessment and correction of highly skilled swimmers’ operative status during competitions. Material and Methods. The authors carried out complex assessment of 46 high-skilled swimmers during competition period. The body impedance analysis and functional status express diagnosis were conducted before and after competitions. Results. The components limiting the operational state of swimmers were determined: “component composition of the body” (44.83% of the total load), “functional” (19.97%). Correlation relationships were established between the main indicators that determine the level of the operational state of athletes. The multiple regression equation was calculated, which made it possible to determine the influence of individual significant parameters on the level of the operational state of athletes and the confidence interval. A group of athletes with operational status indicators below the confidence interval received sport supplementation. Conclusion. The main characteristics of the athletes’ operative status are cellular biomarker phase, fat free mass, extracellular water, intracellular water, strength index. These characteristics should be used in assessment of both operative status and complex functional diagnosis of highly-skilled swimmers during competitions.

Diagnosis of schizotypal disorder: reliability of categorial approach or validity of dimensional one?

The article examines the problem of modern classifications used in psychiatry (ICD, DSM) that are devoid of the fundamental scientific base and primarily serve the goals of statistics and epidemiological research. In this context researchers are increasingly interested in the relationship between the two diagnostic approaches: categorical and dimensional. It is noted that each of these approaches has its own advantages and disadvantages. In this context it is proposed to take into consideration while making a diagnosis of schizotypal disorder not only typological (categorical) attributes but also dementia characteristics of the patients mental status, which, in the holistic approach, should be compared with the psychological, social and functional diagnosis.

Monitoring of solenoid parameters based on neural networks and optical fiber squeezer for solenoid valves diagnosis

As crucial parts of various engineering systems, solenoid valves (SVs) operated by electromagnetic solenoid (EMS) are of great importance and their failure may lead to cause unexpected casualties. This failure, characterized by a degradation of the performances of the SVs, could be due to a fluctuations in the EMS parameters. These fluctuations are essentially attributed to the changes in the spring constant, coefficient of friction, inductance, and the resistance of the coil. Preventive maintenance by controlling and monitoring these parameters is necessary to avoid eventual failure of these actuators. The authors propose a new methodology for the functional diagnosis of electromagnetic solenoids (EMS) used in hydraulic systems. The proposed method monitors online the electrical and mechanical parameters varying over time by using artificial neural networks algorithm coupled with an optical fiber polarization squeezer based on EMS for polarization scrambling. First, the MATLAB/Simulink model is proposed to analyze the effect of the parameters on the dynamic EMS model. The result of this simulation is used for training the neural network, then a simulation is proposed using the neural net fitting toolbox to determine the solenoid parameters (Resistance of the coil R, stiffness K and coefficient of friction B of the spring) from the coefficients of the transfer function, established from the model step response. Future work will include not only diagnosing failure modes, but also predicting the remaining life based on the results of monitoring.

Fears of 18–30-Year-Olds in Moscow and the Moscow Region in the Pandemic and Post-Pandemic Periods

The article contains the results of a study conducted at the peak of the COVID-19 pandemic (April-May 2020) and after the abolition of self-isolation (July-August 2020) with the participation of 80 residents of Moscow and the Moscow region who joined the VKontakte social network group (40 men and 40 women aged 18–30). Applied: 1) ISAS questionnaire Yu. Scherbatykh and E. Ivleva, with the help of which the hierarchical structure of the actual fears of the subjects was studied; 2) V. Levy’s method (C-test); 3) multidimensional functional diagnosis of fear (DS). It is shown that at the peak of the pandemic, the male and female samples were dominated by fears of the consequences of the illness of loved ones, the illness of loved ones, and getting sick. At the same time, men were diagnosed with more pronounced fears of responsibility, as well as fears related to sexual function, and aggression towards loved ones; the female sample was distinguished by fears of spiders and snakes, for the heart, “exams”, war, confined spaces, depth, and public speaking. After the lifting of the quarantine in the male and female samples in the hierarchy of fears continued to lead the same fear; the intensity of fears decreased in both samples, however, women were more severe than in men, with increased additional parameters experiences of fear; women found to have a high sensitivity to the parameter “Effects of fear” – they have longer to recover and enter into the usual rhythm of life after the alarming situations of everyday life. The three most “active” fears are noted, the study of which will contribute to this: 1) fear of getting sick; 2) fear of aggression in relationships with loved ones (especially important for young men); 3) mental instability.

Stress Resistance in the Situation of Uncertainty as a Factor of Development of Adaptive Ability of Medical Personnel

Aim. The aim of the study is to perform psychological and psychophysiological analysis of the features of stress resistance that provide adaptation of medical personnel in the situation of uncertainty. Materials and methods. The study involved: 125 students of III and IV years of study majoring in “Treatment” and “Nursing”; 95 internship doctors 2-3 years of training in various specializations. 36.84% of the total numbers of studied internship doctors were those whose specialization is characterized by an increased level of stress. Methods: correlation analysis, tests with standardized questionnaires. Result. It was found that the manifestation of open, direct aggression by respondents is an acceptable strategy of interaction, which does not significantly affect adaptability. It has been studied that hostility, as an internal directive of the personality, is often not observed externally and determines the decrease in emotional comfort and violation of adaptation. Conclusions. It is proved that adaptive activity as a system-forming factor is accompanied by a number of psychological, biological and social processes and collectively forms the stress resistance of the personality. It is indicated that the immune system is an important part of the functional systems that form the biological factor of functional diagnosis at the stage of low stress resistance and borderline disorders. It is noted that it is appropriate to use functional diagnosis as a basis for diagnosing a person’s mental state in the development of stress resistance.