IMPACT OF PRAKRITI ON COGNITION AND WORKING MEMORY: A REVIEW

State of body and mind depends upon individual Prakriti (type of body constitution). Medha is grasping power, for which proper functioning of memory and mind is essential. Medha includes Dhee (wisdom), Dhriti (retaining power of mind) and Smriti (memory) which are the component of higher mental function. Cognition involves different kind of information processing, recollection and overall process involved in the formation of memory. Working memory is a mental workspace for processing of both new input and retrieved memories. Dosha decide the Sharirik (bodily constitution) and Mansik Prakriti (psychological constitution) of individual. It helps to understand and describe individual health status and intelligence like characteristics. Prakriti have an effect on the working of higher mental function, every individual has its own constitution type and hence mental function works differently according to its constitution.

Meat productivity of Aberdeen Angus bull calves depending on the body composition

The article presents the results of studies in meat productivity of the Aberdeen Angus bull calves, depending on the constitution type. In each group, 14 bull calves were selected from the offspring of 4 large and 3 small bulls of the Aberdeen Angus breed. The first group consisted of bull calves from large and tall type of servicing bulls. The second group consisted of bull calves from small type of servicing bulls. They were put under control growing right after weaning. It was found that the bull calves from the large type of servicing bulls were superior to the bull calves from the small type of servicing bulls in terms of meat productivity, which was primarily shown in a higher growth rate. At the age of 18 months, bull calves from large-type parents reached 442 kg of their mass. Bull calves from small-type parents reached 413 kg. The bull calves from the first group had a greater pre-slaughter weight by 31.4 kg and heavier carcasses compared to the bull calves from the second group by 28.3 kg or 13.5 % (P>0.99). In terms of slaughter weight, they were superior to their herdmates from the second group by 26.5 kg. The carcasses of tall bull calves from the first group had larger content of bones (by 4.08 kg) compared to the second group. In their carcasses, 4.52 kg of meat account for 1 kg of bones, while in the carcasses of the second group – 5.03 kg. However, in general, when deboning the half carcasses of the first group, 9.9 kg. or 11.72% more meat was obtained (Р>0.99) compared to the second group.

A METHOD FOR MODELING ARTIFICIAL DENTURES IN PATIENTS WITH ADENTIA BASED ON INDIVIDUALSIZES OF ALVEOLAR ARCHES AND CONSTITUTION TYPE

87 persons of older age groups with complete adentia underwent somatometric (anthropometric) as well as biometric measurements with cast models of the toothless jaws. The linear and index somatometric parameters, and linear and index parameters for the upper jaw alveolar arches, were calculated. Alveolar arches were classified in view of the total sum of the diagonal dimensions (macro-, micro- and normodiagonal type), the arch index (brachy-, dolicho- and mesoarch type). Modelling the projected shape of the dental arch was based on the parameters of length (the sum of the alveolar arches diagonals multiplied by the 1.06 coefficient), width (the product of the width of the alveolar arches by a coefficient of 1.16). The depth of the dental arch frontal segment was calculated as the product of the diagonal by the incisor-canine angle sine, which in case of mesotrusion arches is 0.42 (angle value — 25°), for protrusion arches — 0.5 (angle value — 30°), for retrusion arches — 0.34 (angle value — 20°). Given the regularities of the circle geometry, the frontal segment dimensions served to determine the radius of the circle where the front teeth sat. The graphical method developed to construct the forecasted upper dental arch shape, based on the balance of the alveolar and dental arches major parameters, allows forecasting the optimal shape and size of the artificial dental arch, achieving a balanced relationship between the shapes of the teeth and the alveolar arches, as well as constructing a balanced articulatory relationship while achieving optimal functional and aesthetic results.

Metabolic Syndrome Prediction Models Using Machine Learning and Sasang Constitution Type

Background. Machine learning may be a useful tool for predicting metabolic syndrome (MetS), and previous studies also suggest that the risk of MetS differs according to Sasang constitution type. The present study investigated the development of MetS prediction models utilizing machine learning methods and whether the incorporation of Sasang constitution type could improve the performance of those prediction models. Methods. Participants visiting a medical center for a health check-up were recruited in 2005 and 2006. Six kinds of machine learning were utilized (K-nearest neighbor, naive Bayes, random forest, decision tree, multilayer perceptron, and support vector machine), as was conventional logistic regression. Machine learning-derived MetS prediction models with and without the incorporation of Sasang constitution type were compared to investigate whether the former would predict MetS with higher sensitivity. Age, sex, education level, marital status, body mass index, stress, physical activity, alcohol consumption, and smoking were included as potentially predictive factors. Results. A total of 750/2,871 participants had MetS. Among the six types of machine learning methods investigated, multiplayer perceptron and support vector machine exhibited the same performance as the conventional regression method, based on the areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves. The naive-Bayes method exhibited the highest sensitivity (0.49), which was higher than that of the conventional regression method (0.39). The incorporation of Sasang constitution type improved the sensitivity of all of the machine learning methods investigated except for the K-nearest neighbor method. Conclusion. Machine learning-derived models may be useful for MetS prediction, and the incorporation of Sasang constitution type may increase the sensitivity of such models.

MILK PRODUCTIVITY OF COWS OF VARIOUS EXTERIOR AND CONSTITUTIONAL TYPES

Improvement of the genetic potential in terms of cows’ productivity and creation of high milk-yield cattle with good health and long productive lifetime characteristics is impossible without systematic evaluation of such traits as milk-yield, exterior, and constitution type. The aim of our research was to study the trends in exterior traits genetic selection parameters changing, determine the extent of interconnection between cow productivity traits and constitution type among the Black-Motley and Kholmogory cow breeds of the Udmurt Republic. The research based on cow breeding-stocks was carried out in 2018–2020. The sampled population included 449 specimens. The whole cow population to be analyzed was divided in 3 groups by the productivity level: 1 – low (up to 6,000 kg); 2 – moderate (from 6,000 to 8,000 kg); 3 – high (over 8,000 kg). High milk-yield cows were higher – withers height was higher by 1.5% and 1.4% (P < 0.05) – and had more elongated body (by 1.0% and 0.8%) as compared with the 1st and 2nd group specimens. Low milk-yield cows (up to 6,000 kg) had short stature and big-boned constitution type with better-developed skeleton. They had greater values of such parameters as the chest width (by 1.6%), wide hip width (by 7.3%, P < 0.01), width of loin (by 13.2%, P < 0.01), and metacarpus girth (by 3.2%, P < 0.05). Cows with a productivity level over 8,000 kg of milk per 305 days of lactation had relatively high value of the Pelvic arch length (by 2.0% and 2.3%, Р < 0.05) and the depth of loin (by 1.3% and 1.5%) with insignificant difference in rump bone length. The lowest value of the mean exterior index of constitution type (by 3.0%, P < 0.05) was observed in high milkyield cows that is the evidence of the constitution proportionality, namely, optimal relation between the body volume and the height of a cow. Moreover, the Pelvic arch index – the ratio of the Pelvic arch volume to the body length – also testifies to harmonious constitution. High milk-yield cows demonstrated this index to be the lowest (by 3.8%, Р < 0.01) and featured more harmonious constitution.

Clinical and epidemiological features of manifestations of Wolf – Parkinson – White syndrome in men of draft age with increased dysplastic stigmatization

Clinical and epidemiological and electrocardiographic features of Wolf Parkinson White syndrome in men of military age were studied. The study was a retrospective study with a solid sample of patients. Of the 1,9056 men residents of St. Petersburg between the ages of 18 and 27, Wolf-Parkinson-White syndrome was identified in 107 (0,56%) people. The disease was asymptomatic in 38 (35,5%) patients. All identified individuals with Wolf Parkinson White syndrome, in addition to asthenic Constitution type, which was observed in 68,2% of cases, were assessed for signs of systemic connective tissue involvement. It was found that flat feet, scoliosis or kyphosis, myopia, as well as mitral valve prolapse and abnormally located chords in the left ventricle of the heart are detected in almost every second man of military age. Due to the inability to assess the presence of all signs of systemic connective tissue involvement, the isolation of specific variants of dysplastic phenotypes in patients with Wolf Parkinson White syndrome was not performed. It was found that in the presence of increased dysplastic stigmatization, the clinical course of Wolf Parkinson White syndrome is characterized by a lower number of asymptomatic cases (6,3 and 16,7%, respectively; p0,05), an increase in the frequency of paroxysmal tachyarrhythmias (81,5 and 63,1%, respectively; p0,05) and a high incidence of vegetative-vascular disorders (82,8 and 15,4%, respectively; p0,05).

A Study on the Research Trends of Degree dissertation on the Skin Beauty Superintend Program according to Ayurveda Constitution Types

A study on the research trends analysis of the degree dissertation on skin beauty program according to Ayurveda Constitution types. In terms of research subjects and data collection, data were searched with the keywords of “Ayurveda Constitution Types”, “Ayurveda Skin Beauty Superintend Program”, “Ayurveda therapy” and “Ayurveda oil” through the Research Information Search System (RISS). Then, a total of 123 master’s and Ph.D. papers were all examined. In addition, first classification was chosen as the title of the paper, and unrelated and redundant papers were filtered out. After a second classification through content examination, the final 32 papers were chosen and reviewed. For a study on Skin Beauty Superintend by Ayurveda Constitution Types, this study was mostly performed, using the papers which adopted measurement tools. Concerning research type, a literature review through a theoretical approach phrase, verification of survey questions and investigation on current constitution were most common. Recently, the number of studies targeted to identify an objective classification method has gradually increased. This study is significant in that it has attempted to analyze theses and dissertations on aesthetic superintend programs by domestic Ayurveda Constitution Types. Therefore, based on the analysis of Ayurveda s prior research and the prior study of the journal and the analysis of the situation in the conceptual theorem program of each keyword term, the development of a standardized aesthetic superintend program by Korean Ayurveda Constitution Type is needed. In addition, it is anticipated that this information would be available for future studies.

Somatotypes in skiing

Although the available studies on body types in ski sports are relatively sparse and rather old, there are clear indications that, especially in alpine skiing, top athletes have become stronger and heavier in the last three decades [43, 24]. According to Bahr and Tone [5] as well as Mildner et al. [19], the anthropo metric profile and the somatotype, in particular the extent of muscular develop ment in the lower extremities, are to be regarded as significant intrinsic risk factors for alpine skiing trauma [20]. Especially among men, the downhill racers tend to have a more pyknomorphhyperplastic constitution type or more mesomorph somatotype with longer trunk and shorter legs and higher BMI, while the slalom specialists tend to more leptomorphic values with longer legs and shorter trunk.

Pharmacogenomics, Ayurgenomics and Personalized Medicine: A Review

Deciphering human genome has ushered modern bio-medical science towards a future hope of revitalizing current symptomatic or prophylactic treatment methods into personalized and predictive medicine depending upon an individual’s genetic makeup. Genetic variations related to person’s response towards drugs, differential susceptibility to disease and reciprocity of phenotypic attributes related to environment, ethno-racial origin and diseases to genotypes have not been meticulously apprehended yet. Acharya Charaka explains, “योगमासां तु यो विद्याद्देशकालोपपादितम् । पुरुषं पुरुषं वीक्ष्य स ज्ञेयॊ भिषगुत्तमः ॥ [1], that one is the best physician who knows how to administer the medicine in accordance with their region (habitation and procurement of medicinal plants) and time and Prakriti (Psychosomatic constitution) of each person individually. This is probably the first classical reference in the history of Indian medicine on Pharmacogenomics. Ayurveda classifying a person on the basis of “Prakriti” or unchangeable constitution type might be an advantageous inclination towards personalized medicine. Several genomic studies augmented the possibilities of yet undisclosed genetic basis of Ayurveda, which could further be integrated or complemented to current medical diagnosis and treatment. Further deep dive into the extremes of utilizable science and technology of this holistic practice remained quintessential for better enlightenment of future bio-medical science to fight all fiends of ailments. Pharmacogenomics, Ayurveda, Ayurgenomics, Personalized medicine

Effect of Lifestyle Factors on Hypertension by Constitution Type: A Large Community-Based Study

Background. The risk of hypertension differs according to lifestyle factors and individual constitution types. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of lifestyle factors on hypertension and to assess whether those effects differ according to the constitution types. Methods. A total of 5,793 men and women were recruited between 2012 and 2014. Odds ratios for hypertension associated with constitution types and lifestyle factors were estimated. Lifestyle factors included smoking status, body mass index, alcohol consumption, physical activity, and sleep quality. Constitution types were estimated based on the Sasang constitutional medicine as the TE type, SE type, and SY type. Results. The risk of hypertension was significantly higher for SY (odds ratio 1.25 (95% confidence interval 1.03 to 1.52) and TE types (1.38 (1.10 to 1.74)) than the SE type even with adjustment of health behaviors. Compared with individuals who had an unhealthy lifestyle, those with healthy lifestyle scores showed significantly lower risk of hypertension in only SY (odds ratio 0.62 (95% confidence interval 0.48 to 0.81)) and TE types (0.69 (0.58 to 0.81)). The difference in risk for hypertension among constitution types was decreased with a healthy lifestyle (1.34 in SY and 2.35 in TE types, as compared with the SE type) versus an unhealthy lifestyle (2.21 in SY and 3.64 in TE types, as compared with the SE type). Conclusion. The risk of hypertension was different by Sasang constitution types. The impact of lifestyle factors differed according to Sasang constitution types, and the difference in risk of hypertension among constitution types was decreased with a healthy lifestyle.