scholarly journals Dzielenie przestrzeni, praktyki graniczenia. Parkowanie, własność i przynależność na polskich osiedlach mieszkaniowych

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 143-167
Author(s):  
Karol Kurnicki
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Social Space ◽  
Social Differentiation ◽  
Spatial Practices ◽  
Social Divisions ◽  
Everyday Practices ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Creation

Space gains significance through processes of social differentiation and bordering, and in consequence is connected with the creation and maintenance of social divisions. The author seeks confirmation of this fact at the level of everyday practices in housing settlements, tracking the mechanisms used by people in situations of contact and confrontation with others in the social space. He sets himself several aims: (1) he attempts to analyze selected spatial practices (parking within the settlement, the creation of belonging), reflecting the internal structuring strategies of housing settlements; (2) he points to the causes of that structuring, that is, the main contexts in which these practices occur and are strengthened; (3) he highlights the important role of space in processes of bordering and differentiation. Practices connected with parking and the creation of belonging, although apparently disparate and deriving from contrary spheres of social life make it possible to hypothesize that the striving for separation and the increased importance of space determine the organization of borders, divisions, and social relations in housing settlements.

Refracted visions: Street photography, humanism and the loss of innocence

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin Carville
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Politics ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Visual Expression ◽  
Politics Of Religion ◽  
Street Photography

Justin Carville draws on recent debates in relation to photography and the everyday in order to examine the role of street-photography in the cultural politics of religion as it was played out in the quotidian moments of social relations within Dublin’s urban and suburban spaces during the 1980s and 90s. The essay argues that photography was important in giving visual expression to the social contradictions within the relations between religion and the transformation of Irish social life, not through the dramatic and traumatic experiences that defined the nation’s increased secularism, but in the quiet, humdrum and sometimes monotonous routines of religious ceremonies and everyday social relations.

scholarly journals Stages of busi(-)ness and identity

Ethnologies ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 225-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoff Lightfoot ◽  
Valérie Fournier
Keyword(s):  
Family Business ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Family Life ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Work Space ◽  
Small Family ◽  
The Family ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
The Creation

Résumé This article explores how space gets mobilised in the performance of “family business”. The very concept of the “family business” collapses some deeply entrenched distinctions in Western modern societies, those between home and work, private and public, family life and business rationality, distinctions that are mapped over space through the creation of boundaries between work space and family space, home and office. The “family business”, especially when run from home, unsticks this ordered sense of space as familial images and business stages are collapsed. Our analysis of small family run boarding kennels focuses on the way space is used to frame different stages of action. In particular, we draw upon theatrical metaphors to explore the work that goes into the staging of identities and social relations. We first discuss the relationships between space, stages, performance and identity through a theatrical lens; we then draw upon material from our study of family run boarding kennels to explore how owner-managers use space as a malleable resource from which they carve out and assemble different stages to perform their business and themselves to different audiences. After going back into the theatre to discuss the role of stages in weaving together coherent stories in the family business or in drama, we close by exploring the limitations of the theatrical metaphor for the analysis of social life.

scholarly journals Women in the "Kerangkeng" of Tradition: the Study on the Status of Women in Minangkabau

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 369-385
Author(s):  
Welhendri Azwar
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Cultural Conditions ◽  
Patriarchal Ideology ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Status ◽  
And Control ◽  
Biological Differences ◽  
Status Of Women

The system of values, norms and some stereotypes attached to women are one of the factors that giving influences on the position and relationships of women with men in the existing social structure. Each person embraces the system of values or norm which is a consensus and constructed by the community itself than from generation to generation. The emergence of social construction on the status and role of women is the result of the perspective of a community towards their biological differences between men and women. The perspective which then results in oppression, exploitation, and subordination of women in social relations are contextually strongly related to socio-cultural conditions at that time. This section will discuss how women are positioned in the social life and the perspective of the culture of its subordination. Next, it is also described how the emergence of patriarchal ideology, a system that accommodates the interests of men to dominate and control women, as a consequence of the understanding of the nature of women which biologically different to men. The hegemony of patriarchal ideology brings the social awareness for women to accept the conditions of subordination as a natural thing, which is wrapped by the products of culture and tradition. It includes how patriarchal ideology is giving the effect on the system and the tradition of marriage.

Moral Principles in the Life of Society, or “Metaphysics of History”

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4-2) ◽  
pp. 311-329
Author(s):  
Vladislav Cheshev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Moral Foundations ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Moral Consciousness ◽  
Moral Principles ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Relationship

The article investigates the influence of moral principles on historically developing social relations. The appeal to this problem is based on a conceptual approach to the origin of human morality, which arises in the course of sociogenesis as a set of behavioral principles that provide the intraspecific cultural (non-genetic) solidarity necessary for human societies. It is noted that the moral consciousness of individuals, which regulates interpersonal relationships, is a necessary but insufficient means for transmitting moral principles. Morality is expressed in the relationship between society and an individual. Society solves the problem of reproduction of moral regulators, it brings them into the nature of social relations by necessity. In this regard, attention is drawn to the role of elite groups in solving the aforementioned problem, in particular, it points out the peculiarities of the formation of an elite layer in Russian history. The elite is the bearer of moral images of social behavior, which expresses the attitude to public goals, interests, historical meanings of social life. The task of the elite is the implementation of these principles in the nature of social relations. The egoism of individuals and social groups can impede the solution of such a problem. Overcoming difficulties of this kind can be achieved by an awareness of history, which provides the basis for public consensus. The article focuses on the ethos of the “spirit of capitalism”, which enters into the social environment through the principles of the organization of economic activity. The paper shows the relevance of the problem of interaction of economic ethics and moral foundations of society as a systemic whole.

The Role of Metaphors in the Interpersonal Discourse of Online Forums

2010 ◽  
pp. 142-161
Author(s):  
Agnès Vayreda ◽  
Francesc Núñez
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Social Action ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Social Space ◽  
Online Forums ◽  
Cultural Contexts ◽  
The Social

This chapter focuses on the role that metaphors play in the social relationships of people who use CMC. We analyze the metaphors used by contributors to three different electronic fora when they refer to the process of interaction. One of our main objectives is to show that the study of metaphors allows us to understand how CMC users reach agreement as to the nature of the social space that they inhabit and what behavior is considered to be appropriate or inappropriate in such a space. This chapter will show that metaphors facilitate the construction of social life and allow CMC users to propose norms of behaviour; they also facilitate the process of identification, generate confidence in a group, and orient users to the cultural contexts in which social action takes place.

scholarly journals Development of Infrastructure and Changes in the Social Space of Kharkiv at the Turn of the 19th – 20th Centuries

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Social Space ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Everyday Practices ◽  
The Social ◽  
Philanthropic Organizations ◽  
Symbolic Coding ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

The article explored the impact of urban infrastructure on the social space of Kharkov in the late 19th – early 20th centuries. Kharkiv municipality began to implement large-scale infrastructure projects that contributed to solving urgent sanitary-epidemiological and social problems from the 1870s. The first significant technological component of the infrastructure was water supply. Telephone communications, electric lighting, sewage, horse and electric trams started to function in Kharkiv at that time. Networks of medical, educational and cultural institutions were widely developed. The publication clarified the role of certain actors in the creation and maintenance of infrastructure elements. In particular, thanks to Kharkiv municipality declared the basics of collective safety, occupational health, social ecology and formed communicative relations of infrastructure institutions with consumers. Attention is also focused on the role of Kharkiv philanthropic organizations and expert groups, which contributed to the awareness of citizens of such an ethical principle as social responsibility. In the article considered changes in the material substrate of the social space of Kharkiv. It is noted that although the center of the city was the zone of “prestige”, however, the localization of the components of the city infrastructure gradually expanded, which became one of the important features of the modernization of the social space of the city. Networks of hospitals and educational institutions covered remote Kharkiv areas. Public transport and stationary trading establishments become part of the everyday practices of residents of the city's environs. It is concluded that the development of infrastructure not only changed the physical appearance of the city, but also transformed social practices and the symbolic coding of social space.

scholarly journals SOCIALIZATSIONAL AND VITAL TRAJECTORIES: INTERPRETATIONS AND MECHANISM OF THE MOVEMENT

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-38
Author(s):  
Наталья Нятина ◽  
Natalia Nyatina
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Personal Development ◽  
Trajectory Analysis ◽  
Social Space ◽  
Social Differentiation ◽  
Social Stratum ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
The Social ◽  
Institutional Maintenance ◽  
Influence Behavior

<p>The article features the interrelation of personal socialization are studied in sociology. The objectives are achieved by addressing the following tasks: consideration of theoretical approaches to understanding of socializational trajectory; analysis of the ratio of vital and socializational trajectories and description of features of the mechanism of a socializational trajectory. The vital trajectory of a person is defined by the social differentiation of society. Many aspects of personal development (social relations, social advance, inclusion in the certainsocial groups, including closed ones, etc.) depend on the social stratum he belongs to and the fact whether the person has an opportunity to influence behavior and consciousness of other people influence. While analyzing a vital trajectory, the researcher has to consider various bases of social differentiation. The article states specifics of socializational trajectory. A socializational trajectory is a graphic representation of development of the personality that reflects the influence of both adaptive and maladaptive practices and the measure of institutional maintenance. The starting points for the analysis of the process of socialization are the personality and the social space in which social interaction is implemented. When creating a socializational trajectory, studying happens from the outside: features of the personality, his or her ability, affirmations and the purpose of development are analyzed</p>

Identity under the shadow of profound intellectual disability – on the need for support, mapping of issues and scientific considerations

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 95-108
Author(s):  
Diana Aksamit
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Psychosocial Functioning ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Social Space ◽  
The Social ◽  
Need For Support ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Given ◽  
Original Component

Everyone has the right to participate in social life regardless of personal situation, level of psychosocial functioning, gender, race or type of disability. The inherent condition of interpersonal contacts, taking place in the social space and constituting the basis of social life, is the desire to establish social relations and perceiving another participant in this process as an exceptional, original component. According to this, every person has the right to participate actively in social life, to be a part of it as “I” in order to create “we”. The aim of the article is to discuss and propagate scientific considerations about the possibilities and limitations of supporting the process of shaping the identity (personal and social) of people with profound intellectual disabilities. The article has an analytical character and aims to map the identity of people with profound intellectual disabilities in scientific and practical studies. It identifies areas and the type of support that will contribute to the development of the psychosocial identity of individuals with profound intellectual disabilities. It also presents factors resulting from the specificity of profound intellectual disabilities which may hinder the process of carrying out assistance for the given group by the supportinstitutions.

Crossing boundaries. Regimes of value in intercultural colonial contexts. Reflections on Jean and John Comaroff's ‘Beasts, banknotes and the colour of money’

2005 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-142
Author(s):  
Laurier Turgeon
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Social Space ◽  
Material Objects ◽  
Theoretical Ground ◽  
Political Economies ◽  
Moral Economies ◽  
Written Word

This thought-provoking essay strives to theorize the concept of ‘regimes of value’ and, more specifically, the role of material objects in the convertibility of different orders of value in the making of modern economies and societies. Put forth by Arjun Appadurai in his edited volume The social life of things (1986), the notion of regime of value originally referred to the use of categories of material objects in the construction of value within a specific cultural context. Appadurai was more concerned with the way value is invested in objects than in theories of exchange and currency, consequently the notion remained relatively untheorized. Jean and John Comaroff break new theoretical ground in at least two ways. First, they take into consideration and juxtapose different regimes of value – primarily cattle for the southern Tswana peoples and currency for the European colonizers – to see how they are constructed and become the focus of complex mediations between these groups in the colonial context of South Africa. Cattle, like currency (in the form of coins or paper money), come to objectify value because they have the power to make or break social relations, to build new social hierarchies or overturn old ones, to do or undo moral economies. They show that different regimes of value can coexist in the same social space and be played out against one another. Second, Jean and John Comaroff interrogate the role of conversion, or ‘commensuration’, as they say, of regimes of value, that is, their power to make objects from different cultural contexts universally objectifiable, comparable and negotiable. Instead of making difference, as is usually thought, it is the capacity to negate difference and make all things equal that expresses the effectiveness of a regime of value. It is also these processes of commensuration and conversion that give material objects their magical qualities, through which they become fetishized and ‘seem to have a power all of their own’ (p. 131). More than the written word or oral discourse, it is material objects that become the preferred tools and means of colonial domination. The authors contribute then to a better understanding of the workings of political economies as well as to the materialities of colonialism.

Material Culture

Sociology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terence E. McDonnell ◽  
Kelcie Vercel
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Media Studies ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Science And Technology Studies ◽  
Meaning Making ◽  
Institutional Characteristics ◽  
Sociology Of Culture ◽  
The Social

Beginning with many of its earliest writings, sociology has a long tradition of theorizing the role of objects and material culture in social life. In the middle of the 20th century, these themes were taken up again by major sociological and anthropological thinkers who inspired a resurgence of interest in the study of objects. The sociology of culture and art began to address the production and reception of objects, while scholars from anthropology, cultural studies, and media studies began to develop a robust body of work around material culture. These two fields have somewhat different takes on the study of objects. Sociological accounts tend to be people focused, examining how institutional characteristics of art worlds shape the objects produced, and focusing explanations of meaning-making on the social position of the audience more so than the symbolic qualities of the object. Alternatively, material culture approaches tend to be object focused, engaging objects as symbols that help explain how people organize subcultures, create solidarity through exchange, or express social status. A turn toward materiality, originating from anthropology but taken up more recently in sociology, privileges the material qualities of objects and how they shape the use and symbolic meaning of objects. This work on objects raises the question of how sociologists should incorporate objects into accounts of action. This question has sparked an ongoing cross-disciplinary debate about whether objects have agency. Research in science and technology studies, alongside studies of craft and sport, have brought attention to how objects act back, shaping how knowledge is produced. Objects have also been understood as mechanisms of power, by shaping categories and morality, ritualizing icons, stabilizing social relations as instruments of the states and institutions, and structuring action through the built environment. These robust and vibrant areas of research make a strong case for the incorporation of objects into theories of power and knowledge.

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