FORMATION OF MORAL CONSCIOUSNESS PRIMARY SCHOOL CHILDREN BASED ON COMPETENCE APPROACH

The article examines some aspects of the formation of the moral consciousness of modern schoolchildren on the basis of one of the leading methodological principles - the competence-based approach. Large-scale changes taking place in various spheres of society, new social and economic reality, developing market relations, digitalization, modernization of Russian education require a revision of the strategy and tactics of educating the younger generation in terms of solving the problems of forming high moral qualities of the personality of students, including primary school age. But is a modern teacher competent enough to successfully cope with the multitasking of real pedagogical reality, including the moral education of schoolchildren? The study of the problem under consideration in theory and in practice shows that moral education is significant, first of all, because it permeates all aspects of education: mental, aesthetic, physical, labor, environmental, etc. Hence, its backbone nature is obvious. Any human action presupposes a moral aspect, including the regulatory function of morality. All of the above served as the basis for choosing the topic of the article. According to the authors, the results and conclusion of this article can, to a certain extent, actualize the problem of the formation of the moral consciousness of primary schoolchildren from the standpoint of the competence-based approach and outline ways to solve it.

The crisis of moral consciousness in Russia and the Russian-Japanese War of 1904-1905.

The monograph is devoted to the events of the Russian-Japanese War of 1904-1905. The main idea postulates that military victory depends not only on the economic or military forces of the state, but also on the level of development of the moral consciousness of the nation as a whole. For a wide range of readers interested in the history of military affairs and wars.

HISTORICAL MEMORY FORMATION IN THE CONTEXT OF DOCTOR TRAINING

The article considers the issues of organizing and conducting educational work among students of medical universities. We consider the educational potential of historical memory introducing academic integrity in medical universities. We analyze the relationship between morality and law realizing the policy of academic integrity. We found that the historical memory in medical universities has a cultural and anthropological basis and a clearly defined national profile. We determined the main principles of the educational potential of historical memory that form professional culture and moral consciousness of future doctors.

On Virtue and Reason: Integrative Theory of De 德 and Aretê

This article is to argue that virtue is experienced and understood in Confucian ethics as power to act and as performance of a moral action, and that virtue (de 德) as such has to be onto-cosmologically explicated, not just teleologically explained. In other words, it is intended to construct an integrative theory of virtues based on both dao (the Way 道) and de. To do so, we will examine the two features of de, as the power that is derived from self-reflection and self-restraining, and as the motivated action for attaining its practical end in a community. Only by a self-integrated moral consciousness can one’s experience, action and ideal remain in consistency and coherence, which leads us to the Aristotelian notion of virtue as excellence (aretê) and enables us to see how virtue as aretê could be introduced as a second feature of de, namely as the power for effective action in the whole system of virtues, apart from the first feature of de as self-restraining power. We will conclude that reason and virtue are practically united and remain inseparable, and that taking into account the onto-cosmological foundation of virtues, reason and virtue are inevitably the moving and advancing forces for the formation and transformation of human morality just as they are motivating and prompting incentives for individual moral action.

Pragmatic and Discourse Functions in Jenifa’s Diary

Existing studies on comedies in Nigeria have focused mainly on stand-up comedy, with little attention devoted to situation comedies. This study, therefore, investigates the pragmatic acts that are used to reflect inherent societal issues revealed under the guise of humour in a Nigerian sitcom, Jenifa’s Diary. Drawing excerpts purposively sampled from the first three seasons of the sitcom and subjecting them to the analytical tools of Jacob Mey’s pragmatic acts and Meyer’s functions of humour, the study shows the discourse functions of social and moral consciousness which address issues of incivility, domestic violence, poor etiquette, lying and indecent dressing. These discourse functions are achieved through the practs of warning, informing, enculturating and advising, and the communication functions named enforcement and differentiation. The study concludes that sitcoms are not just scripted to amuse viewers but also to address the state of the nations where they are set.

Education of the Digital Generation: Relying on Traditions and Taking into Account Modern Trends (on the Example of Russia and Kazakhstan)

The article presents the results of the analysis of the formation of moral norms in older adolescents in Russia and Kazakhstan. The authors posed the following questions: do the modern system of education in the digital society of Russia and Kazakhstan have prerequisites based on the historical traditions of our countries? What are the current trends in the modernization of the system of education in vocational education, characteristic of the digital society? Are there any justifications for the feasibility of forming a system of education of modern professional personnel for the digital economy based on the traditional principles of the system of education of professional personnel in Russia and Kazakhstan? It is shown that in adolescence it is a moral act that characterizes the formation of moral consciousness. The actions of a teenager are determined during this period by the recognition of responsibility, and not by the expectation of approval, which was typical for an earlier age period. Many adolescents have a high situational variability, adherence to diametrically opposite positions. Here is the violation of principles, and intolerance to the opinions of other people, and the demonstration of passivity in the violation of the rights of others, and the justification of immoral actions by profit. The authors proceed from the understanding that now teachers are educating those young people who have a completely different perception of reality, their thinking, moral norms, a new culture, and ways of communication. At the same time, no one removes from the modern teacher the task of transmitting to the young the existing moral and ethical norms that originate in the previous period of education.

In pursuit of identity (relevance of the philosophy of N. Berdyaev)

This article discusses the topic of identity in the religious philosophy of N. Berdyaev. The author emphasizes the importance of this topic for the philosopher alongside the problematic of freedom and creativity. Emphasis is placed on the existential-religious traditions of Berdyaev’s philosophy, which views a particular individual in his relation to the society and history. According to Berdyaev, an individual is a puzzle not as an organism or social being, but as the identity; the spiritual aspect alone does not depend or determined by the society, which indicates its freedom, although not absolute. The conclusion is made on the relevance of philosophical reflections of N. Berdyaev for the modern state of social development. The author comes into line with the prophetic ideas of the philosopher on the approaching process of dehumanization in spheres of cultural and social life, and namely, dehumanization of moral consciousness. A human fades out as an integral, internally centered, spiritually focused being, who retains cohesion and unity. The author is forced to acknowledge the transformation of moral and ethical values of society, loss of innate thinking, increasing dependence on popular culture and consumer ideology, undermined faith in the future and self-confidence.

NATURE AND FEATURES OF MORAL CONSCIOUSNESS AS A PSYCHOLOGICAL, SOCIAL AND CULTURAL FORMATION

Стаття присвячена дослідженню сутності і характеристик моральної свідомості як психологічної, соціальної та культурної формації. Трансформація цінностей, спричинена глобальними змінами у всіх сферах людської діяльності слугує вагомим чинником, що пояснює актуальність проблеми. У досліджені використані якісні методи для збору даних. Для інтерпретації понять, пов'язаних із моральною свідомістю, застосовано тематичний і контент аналіз. Для глибшого розуміння явища та інтерпретації загальних характеристик компонентів моральної свідомості обрані описові методи. Автори характеризують досліджуване явище за різними чинниками: носієм, психологічними компонентами, рівнями сформованості. Висвітлено поняття моральних відносин, моральних якостей і морального ідеалу. Здійснено стислий опис основних загальноприйнятих складових моральної свідомості. Автори доходять висновку про те, що моральна свідомість є багатогранною формацією, яке відтворюється у поєднанні психологічної, соціальної та культурної площин. Це невід’ємна частина розвитку особистості. Доведено, що досліджуване явище має свої рівні, характерні особливості та структуру. Остання поділяється за когнітивним, ціннісним, емоційним та поведінковим аспектами особистості. Ключові слова: моральна свідомість; моральність; психологічна, соціальна, культурна формація; особистість; моральні цінності

VALOAREA ŞI DEMNITATEA PERSOANEI UMANE ÎN LUMINA ÎNVĂŢĂTURII CREŞTINE

Life ruled by law and the legality of our culture have in common the oblivion of the right and the demand of saving yourself through your deeds. Life ruled by law deals only with individual saving, because it does not see the total good; it always balances, for its whole horizon is nothing but a changing, as it is the report between God and human being. Love has every virtue and it is contrary to all sins. This is the source of all forms of good. The one who has love is on his way to perfection. Between love and consciousness there is a real complementariness. Consciousness is the instrument through which law becomes operative in our being. Saint Apostle Pavel underlines the fact that a pure moral consciousness is kept by belief (Tit. 1, 15- 16). Christian love that springs from a pure moral consciousness and heart is what God wanted from his creation, man having the possibility to take the resemblance with God, as his nursing to “God’s image”