scholarly journals IoT system for remote monitoring of mangrove forest the Sundarbans

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 254-258
Author(s):  
Asif Rahman Rumee
Keyword(s):  
Remote Monitoring ◽  
Mangrove Forest ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
In Situ Monitoring ◽  
Mangrove Forests ◽  
Simulated Environment ◽  
Emergency Event ◽  
The Sundarbans

In-situ monitoring of mangrove forests is expensive, cumbersome, time consuming and error-prone, hence remote approaches are being used widely nowadays. Remote sensing using satellites, UAVs and other devices is incapable of collecting many important types of data required for processing, therefore a prototype of an  IoT device is designed and built for monitoring environmental parameters of the largest mangrove forest in the world, the Sundarbans in Bangladesh. The prototype is tested for a few hours in a simulated environment where the readings are updated every 2 seconds and alert notifications are received if an emergency event occurs. The simulation results prove the effectiveness of the proposed device and the feasibility of it for low cost remote monitoring of the mangrove forest.

scholarly journals A Low-Cost, Stand-Alone Sensory Platform for Monitoring Extreme Solar Overirradiance Events

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 2685 ◽  
Author(s):  
Otavio Andre Chase ◽  
Mailson Borges Teles ◽  
Marinaldo de Jesus dos Santos Rodrigues ◽  
José Felipe Souza de Almeida ◽  
Wilson Negrão Macêdo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Irradiance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
In Situ Monitoring ◽  
Low Latitude ◽  
Photovoltaic Modules ◽  
The North ◽  
Cost System ◽  
Embedded Computer

In this paper, we present a low-cost, stand-alone sensory platform developed for in situ monitoring of environmental parameters, for use in the Amazon region in the north of Brazil. The mission of the platform is to perform monitoring and identification of overirradiance (solar irradiance > 1000 W/m2) and extreme overirradiance events (solar irradiance > 1300 W/m2) using a photovoltaic based irradiance sensor. The sensory platform was built using the ESP8266 microcontroller, an open embedded computer capable of Wi-Fi communication using the IEEE 802.11 standard, and small photovoltaic modules, air temperature, atmospheric pressure, voltage, and current sensors, enabling the development of a low-cost system (€70/R$350.00 BRL). Calibration and tests were conducted at the Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém campus, Pará, where the platform measured an extreme overirradiance of 1321 W/m2 at a low-latitude (1 °S) and low altitude (7 m above sea level).

Heteroepitaxy of GaN on Silicon: In Situ Measurements

2005 ◽  
Vol 483-485 ◽  
pp. 1051-1056
Author(s):  
A. Krost ◽  
Armin Dadgar ◽  
F. Schulze ◽  
R. Clos ◽  
K. Haberland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Group Iii Nitrides ◽  
In Situ Monitoring ◽  
Attractive Alternative ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Light Emitting Devices ◽  
Thermal Expansion Coefficients ◽  
Long Time

Due to the lack of GaN wafers, so far, group-III nitrides are mostly grown on sapphire or SiC substrates. Silicon offers an attractive alternative because of its low cost, large wafer area, and physical benefits such as the possibility of chemical etching, lower hardness, good thermal conductivity, and electrical conducting or isolating for light emitting devices or transistor structures, respectively. However, for a long time, a technological breakthrough of GaN-on-silicon has been thought to be impossible because of the cracking problem originating in the huge difference of the thermal expansion coefficients between GaN and silicon which leads to tensile strain and cracking of the layers when cooling down. However, in recent years, several approaches to prevent cracking and wafer bowing have been successfully applied. Nowadays, device-relevant thicknesses of crackfree group-III-nitrides can be grown on silicon. To reach this goal the most important issues were the identification of the physical origin of strains and its engineering by means of in situ monitoring during metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy.

From phycocyanin fluorescence to absolute cyanobacteria biomass: An application using in-situ fluorometer probes in the monitoring of potentially harmful cyanobacteria blooms

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 695-698 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Loisa ◽  
J. Kääriä ◽  
J. Laaksonlaita ◽  
J. Niemi ◽  
J. Sarvala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Transfer ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
In Situ Monitoring ◽  
Fluorescence Probes ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Eutrophic Lakes ◽  
Cyanobacteria Blooms ◽  
Recreational Use ◽  
Harmful Effects

Cyanobacteria blooms can complicate the economical or recreational use of waters. Many of the bloom forming species are also potential producers of harmful cyanotoxins. The standard method for quantifying phytoplankton biomass, based on inverted microscopy, has high accuracy and is the only one producing biomass results on taxonomic level, but it requires specialized expertise and is time-consuming. Phycocyanin (PC) pigment concentration has been proven as a useful proxy for the concentration of cyanobacteria. Since 2006, we have studied practical solutions of in-situ monitoring of cyanobacteria using PC fluorescence probes. We have studied two eutrophic lakes, Lake Littoistenjärvi and Lake Kuralanjärvi in southwestern Finland using stationary monitoring stations equipped with PC probes. The fluorescence results were compared to independent water samples analyzed using standard methods. The PC fluorescence was positively correlated to cyanobacteria biomass in both lakes. Using site-specific post-calibrations of biomass, PC fluorescence can be used to estimate the absolute biomass of cyanobacteria. The monitoring techniques used in these studies are an applicable and relatively low-cost method to monitor cyanobacteria abundance. With nearly real-time data transfer possibilities, they can be used in management and early warning applications to minimize the harmful effects of cyanobacteria blooms.

scholarly journals Using Continuous Change Detection and Classification of Landsat Data to Investigate Long-Term Mangrove Dynamics in the Sundarbans Region

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (23) ◽  
pp. 2833 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katie Awty-Carroll ◽  
Pete Bunting ◽  
Andy Hardy ◽  
Gemma Bell
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Change Detection ◽  
Mangrove Forest ◽  
Mangrove Forests ◽  
Landsat Data ◽  
Continuous Change ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
Heritiera Fomes ◽  
The Sundarbans

Mangrove forests play a global role in providing ecosystem goods and services in addition to acting as carbon sinks, and are particularly vulnerable to climate change effects such as rising sea levels and increased salinity. For this reason, accurate long-term monitoring of mangrove ecosystems is vital. However, these ecosystems are extremely dynamic and data frequency is often reduced by cloud cover. The Continuous Change Detection and Classification (CCDC) method has the potential to overcome this by utilising every available observation on a per-pixel basis to build stable season-trend models of the underlying phenology. These models can then be used for land cover classification and to determine greening and browning trends. To demonstrate the utility of this approach, CCDC was applied to a 30-year time series of Landsat data covering an area of mangrove forest known as the Sundarbans. Spanning the delta formed by the confluence of the Ganges, Brahmaputra and Meghna river systems, the Sundarbans is the largest contiguous mangrove forest in the world. CCDC achieved an overall classification accuracy of 94.5% with a 99% confidence of being between 94.2% and 94.8%. Results showed that while mangrove extent in the Sundarbans has remained stable, around 25% of the area experienced an overall negative trend, probably due to the effect of die-back on Heritiera fomes. In addition, dates and magnitudes of change derived from CCDC were used to investigate damage and recovery from a major cyclone; 11% of the Sundarbans was found to have been affected by Cyclone Sidr in 2007, 47.6% of which had not recovered by mid-2018. The results indicate that while the Sundarbans forest is resilient to cyclone events, the long-term degrading effects of climate change could reduce this resilience to critical levels. The proposed methodology, while computationally expensive, also offers means by which the full Landsat archive can be analyzed and interpreted and should be considered for global application to mangrove monitoring.

scholarly journals Community mapping and vegetational analysis of the mangrove forest in Calabanga, San Miguel Bay, Philippines

2020 ◽  
Vol 147 ◽  
pp. 02017
Author(s):  
Agnes Zafe Faustino ◽  
Helen Lonsamia Madela ◽  
Richard Gavina Castor ◽  
Alvin Paredes Muroda ◽  
Marian Nena Parato Chavez
Keyword(s):  
Mangrove Forest ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Mangrove Forests ◽  
Mangrove Species ◽  
Rhizophora Apiculata ◽  
Illegal Activities ◽  
Laws And Policies ◽  
Philippine Government

Mangrove forests in Philippines have been noted for years to be continuously dwindling in terms of forest cover and diversity. The reasons behind these unfortunate events are the unabated illegal activities in the mangroves albeit the enforcement of laws and policies pertaining to its conservation and rehabilitation. For several decades, the Philippine government had been implementing programs and projects aiming to bring back the once pristine and productive mangrove areas through reforestation of denuded areas in the country. However, assessment is needed to evaluate whether these efforts have positively impacted coastal areas. This paper presents the current vegetational condition of selected reforested mangrove areas in Calabanga, San Miguel Bay, Philippines. Fifty-six (56) quadrats measuring 10x10m were established strategically in four (4) randomly selected rehabilitated mangrove sites. The overall results show that ten (10) mangrove species were recorded and Rhizophora apiculata and Rhizophora mucronata got the highest importance values of 111.59 and 105.96 respectively. This only shows that mono-specific mangrove species were considered during the rehabilitation of the areas set aside the environmental parameters affecting survival rate and the ecological diversity of the mangrove forest. A framework was developed to guide the local government in developing their sustainable mangrove management plan.

scholarly journals Seasonal Composition and Diversity of Zooplankton in Pichavaram Mangrove Forest, Southeast Coast of India

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (09) ◽  
pp. 60-70
Author(s):  
and R. Punniyamoorthy M. Saravanakumar, P. Murugesan, P. Damotharan
Keyword(s):  
Mangrove Forest ◽  
River Mouth ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Species Number ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Mangrove Forests ◽  
Zooplankton Species ◽  
Dominant Group ◽  
Environmental Matching ◽  
Bio Monitoring

In the present study, the zooplankton diversity and distribution was studied in relation to seasonal variation of environmental parameters in the Pichavaram mangrove forest. Samples were seasonally collected (i.e., post-monsoon: January-2018 and monsoon: December-2018) from seven stations. A total of 48 zooplankton species belonging to two groups macro-zooplankton and micro-zooplankton were recorded during this study. A total of 48 species of zooplankton belonging to different groups were identified. Copepod was found to be the most dominant group and it contributed more than 50% of the total zooplankton collected in this study. The maximum number of zooplankton species (35) and diversity value (H’) 3.867 was recorded in the stations near coastal zone (P-7) during summer and minimum species number (24) and maximum species richness (d) 7.652 was recorded in stations near to freshwater zone (P-2) during monsoon. The species evenness (J') 0.866 was also recorded maximum at stations near river mouth (P-7). BIO-ENV (Biota-Environmental matching) and CCA results confirmed that the environmental parameters such as Temperature, Salinity, Dissolved Oxygen, Silicate, Chlorophyll, Primary Productivity, Total Biomass and Phaeopigments as the most influencing environmental parameters, which regulates zooplankton assemblage. The results of present study help to develop an understanding on the zooplankton distribution in mangrove forests, which will form a reliable tool in bio-monitoring studies

scholarly journals ESTRUCTURA Y REGENERACIÓN DEL BOSQUE DE MANGLAR DE LA CIÉNAGA DE CHOLÓN, ISLA BARÚ, PARQUE NACIONAL NATURAL CORALES

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Allan G. Valle ◽  
Adriana M. Osorno Arango ◽  
Diego L. Gil Agudelo
Keyword(s):  
Mangrove Forest ◽  
Coastal Lagoons ◽  
Rhizophora Mangle ◽  
Avicennia Germinans ◽  
Mangrove Forests ◽  
Mangrove Species ◽  
Stem Wood ◽  
Natural Park ◽  
Qualitative Level

Mangroves are trees or shrubs which represent a relevant link in the transmition between marine and land environments. With high importance at the biological and socio-economic level, mangroves constitute one of the strategic marine ecosystems of Colombia. Along the Caribbean coast of Colombia, mangrove forests are established around marshes or coastal lagoons; most of them have scarce scintific information which described these ecosystems at a qualitative level, but also which shows their biological processes and characteristics in a quantitative form. Given the importance of these ecosystems, the present work contributes to the direct and recent knowledge of the structure, distribution, abundance and regeneration capacity of the mangrove forest in Ciénaga de Cholón (Isla Barú, Bolívar province). Using surveys and in-situ observations, general height averages were calculated at 3.42 m, DAP at 4.94 cm and density of 21 trees 100 m-2, where seedlings was the dominant diametric category, followed by stem-wood; saplings constitued a smaller percentage. Mangrove species found were Rhizophora mangle and Avicennia germinans, with average heights of 3.45 and 2.93 m, and DAP of 4.45 and 3.29 cm respectively. Rhizophora mangle was the dominant species, being found in all the stations, while A. germinans was found only in two of the stations sampled, coinciding with particular soils requirements for the settlement and develoopment of each species. Regarding regeneration, a total of 117 R. mangle juvenile plants were evaluated in four stations, calculating a growth rate of 0.69 cm month-1 and a density average of 1.28 plants m-2. It is expected that the information obtained will allow for the evaluation of changes of this mangrove forest over time, contributing to guarantee the conservation and sustainable management of a valuable ecosystem and the National Natural Park Corales del Rosario y San Bernardo, sehre Cholón is located.

In-Situ Monitoring for Open Low-Cost 3d Printing

2021 ◽  
pp. 49-56
Author(s):  
P. Minetola ◽  
M. S. Khandpur ◽  
L. Iuliano ◽  
F. Calignano ◽  
M. Galati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
In Situ Monitoring

In Situ Monitoring of Environmental Conditions for Stress Corrosion Cracking

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fraser King ◽  
Katherine Ikeda-Cameron ◽  
Greg Van Boven ◽  
Tom Jack ◽  
Robert Sutherby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Seasonal Variations ◽  
Potential Temperature ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Management Program ◽  
In Situ Monitoring ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Integrity Management ◽  
The Right

TransCanada Pipelines have been involved with monitoring environmental conditions at pipe depth for almost 10 years. The purpose of this monitoring is to understand the mechanism of SCC as it occurs in the field and to assist in the development of site-selection models for identifying locations where SCC might be occurring. Monitoring can either be done at many locations along the right-of-way at a given time or continuously at discrete locations in order to observe seasonal variations. A range of environmental parameters can be monitored. Early work focussed on parameters relevant to corrosion, such as soil resistivity, redox potential, temperature, pH, and on- and off-potentials. More recently, parameters relevant to SCC have also been monitored, such as soil CO2 and permeable hydrogen concentrations. In addition, the extent to which these parameters change seasonally has been monitored to determine if the environment is conducive to SCC continuously or whether cracking might only occur at certain times of the year. In terms of implementation, the results of in situ monitoring can be used as part of a larger integrity management program to decide where and when to mitigate SCC. Correlations between soil parameters measured using the portable probe and known SCC sites can be used to identify other susceptible locations or to prioritize different lines for inspection. Seasonal variations at a particular location can be used to derive effective crack growth rates from accelerated laboratory testing in order to determine re-inspection intervals. Examples are provided of both portable and permanent NOVAProbe measurements for low-pH and high-pH SCC.

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