Respon Morfologis dan Ekspresi Gen Aquaporin pada Padi IR 64 yang Mengalami Cekaman Kekeringan pada Fase Reproduktif (Morphological Responses and Aquaporin Gene Expression in Rice IR64 under Drought Stress at the Reproductive Stage)

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Made Pharmawati ◽  
Ni Nyoman Wirasiti ◽  
Luh Putu Wrasiati
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Control Plant ◽  
Reproductive Stage ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Aquaporin Gene ◽  
Peg Treatment

Abstrak Cekaman kekeringan merupakan faktor pembatas penting bagi pertumbuhan dan produktivitas tanaman termasuk padi.      Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis respon padi IR64 terhadap cekaman kekeringan dengan pemberian polietilen glikol (PEG) pada fase reproduktif.  Penelitian juga bertujuan menganalisis ekspresi gen aquaporin akibat cekaman kekeringan.  Bibit padi ditanam dalam pot dan perlakuan PEG dengan konsentrasi 108g/L (-0.25MPa) dan 178g/L (-0.52 MPa) diberikan saat munculnya panikula. Perlakuan diberikan selama 2 minggu, kemudian tanaman disiram kembali.  Ekspresi gen diamati pada akhir perlakuan dengan semi kuantitatif real time PCR.  Ekstraksi RNA menggunakan RNeasy plant mini kit, sedangkan sintesis cDNA menggunakan Transcriptor First Strand cDNA Kit.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jumlah malai dan berat total malai berkurang akibat cekaman kekeringan.  Persentase gabah kosong mencapai 84,6% pada perlakuan PEG-0,52 MPa, sedangkan pada perlakuan PEG -0,25 MPa persentase gabah kosong sebesar 67,8%.  Pada kontrol persentase gabah kosong adalah 10,3%.  Ekspresi gen OsPIP2;7 sedikit menurun pada perlakuan PEG -0,52 MPa.Kata kunci: ekspresi gen, IR64, kekeringan, padi, PEG  Abstract Drought stress is one of the limiting factors of plant growth and productivity including rice.  The aim of this study was to analyze responses of IR64 rice to polyethylene glycol (PEG)-induced-drought stress at the reproductive stage.  This study also aimed to analyze the expression of aquaporin under drought stress.  Rice seedlings were grown in pot system and PEG treatment at concentration of -0.25MPa (108g/L) and -0.52 MPa (178g/L) were given when the panicles arose.  Treatments were conducted for 2 weeks, after that the plants were rewatered.  Gene expression was evaluated at the end of PEG treatment using semi quantitative real time PCR. RNA was extracted using RNeasy plant mini kit, while cDNA synthesis was done using Transcriptor First Strand cDNA Kit.  The results showed that the number and weight of rice ear were less in plant treated with PEG than in control.  The percentage of empty rice grain reached 84.6% at PEG -0.52 MPa, while at PEG -0.25 MPa the percentage of empty grain was 67.8%.  In control plant, the percentage of empty grain was 10.3%.  Drought stress did not alter the expression of OsPIP2;7.  Keywords: drought, gene expression, IR64, PEG, rice

scholarly journals Comparison of Glutathione Reductase Gene Expression in Drought-sensitive and Tolerant Soybean Lines using Real-time PCR

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hassanvand ◽  
Shahab Khaghani ◽  
Mahdi Changizi ◽  
Masoud Gomarian ◽  
Ezatollah Sedaghatfar
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Glutathione Reductase ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Reductase Gene

Abstract Background: Global climate change and associated adverse abiotic stress conditions, such as drought, salinity, heavy metals, waterlogging, extreme temperatures, oxygen deprivation, etc., greatly influence plant growth and development, ultimately affecting crop yield and quality, as well as agricultural sustainability in general. This study provides new insights into the analysis of the function of soybean genes in abiotic stress. Drought is one of the significant constraints that limit agricultural productivity. Some factors, including climate changes and acreage expansion, indicate the need for developing drought-tolerant Genotypes.Materials and methods: The study of the expression Glutathione Reductase (GR) gene in soybean drought-tolerant and sensitive cultivars using real-time PCR. Seeds from (drought-sensitive) and (drought-tolerant) lines were planted under specific temperature conditions drought stress treatment, in the research greenhouse of Islamic Azad University of Arak, Iran. Changes in gene expression compared to reference genes were recorded using the formula 2-ΔΔCT. Three technical replications were given for each cDNA sample related to each sampling and used to analyze test data from MINITAB16 software.Results: The results showed that the threshold expression of gene expression (Glutathione) in the Pyramid line had the highest expression of drought resistance and the lowest expression of the Glutathione Reductase gene belonging to the Will line. The theory is also true that chaperone proteins produced during the plant growth cycle are not destroyed to express the Glutathione Reductase gene. The expression cycle of the Glutathione Reductase gene shows that the proteins produced by this gene have a high rate of expression and increase in cell drought stress. This gene expression continues until the pressure ends. The results showed that lines and cultivars with a weak expression against drought stress could have a high expression at the beginning of drought stress but a decrease in gene expression rate during stress. Drought stress-sensitive lines have a decreasing expression in the middle and end of stress during the stress period.

scholarly journals Molecular characterisation of osteoblasts from bone obtained from people of Polynesian and European ancestry undergoing joint replacement surgery

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorit Naot ◽  
Jarome Bentley ◽  
Cluny Macpherson ◽  
Rocco P. Pitto ◽  
Usha Bava ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Joint Replacement ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
S Phase ◽  
European Ancestry ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Differentiation Markers ◽  
Joint Replacement Surgery ◽  
Bone Properties

AbstractPopulation studies in Aotearoa New Zealand found higher bone mineral density and lower rate of hip fracture in people of Polynesian ancestry compared to Europeans. We hypothesised that differences in osteoblast proliferation and differentiation contribute to the differences in bone properties between the two groups. Osteoblasts were cultured from bone samples obtained from 30 people of Polynesian ancestry and 25 Europeans who had joint replacement surgeries for osteoarthritis. The fraction of cells in S-phase was determined by flow cytometry, and gene expression was analysed by microarray and real-time PCR. We found no differences in the fraction of osteoblasts in S-phase between the groups. Global gene expression analysis identified 79 differentially expressed genes (fold change > 2, FDR P < 0.1). Analysis of selected genes by real-time PCR found higher expression of COL1A1 and KRT34 in Polynesians, whereas BGLAP, DKK1, NOV, CDH13, EFHD1 and EFNB2 were higher in Europeans (P ≤ 0.01). Osteoblasts from European donors had higher levels of late differentiation markers and genes encoding proteins that inhibit the Wnt signalling pathway. This variability may contribute to the differences in bone properties between people of Polynesian and European ancestry that had been determined in previous studies.

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