Ratio of C:N in culture media of silk worm, Tubifex sp.

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Jhonly Solang ◽  
Henneke Pangkey ◽  
Stenly Wullur ◽  
Sartje Lantu
Keyword(s):  
Culture Media ◽  
C:N Ratio ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Pig Manure ◽  
Running Water ◽  
Manure Treatment ◽  
Soybean Curd ◽  
Silk Worm ◽  
Soybean Curd Residue ◽  
And Control

Title (Bahasa Indonesia): Rasio C:N pada media kultur cacing sutra, Tubifex sp. This study aimed to determine the C:N ratio on each medium for the growth of the sludge worm. This study used mud and soybean curd residue (treatment A), mud and chicken manure (treatment B), mud and pig manure (treatment C), and control (mud only) (K) as culture media of the sludge worm (Tubifex sp.). The decomposition process was proceeding for six days, and then the sludge worms were stocked with initial weight of 30 grams per container. Culture period was 21 days in running water systems. The resulting C:N ratio was 60.5 for treatment A, 45.8 for treatment B, 36 for treatment C and 35 for K. The soybean curd residue and mud medium gave the highest influence on the growth of the sludge worm, followed by pig manure and mud, chicken manure and mud, and then mud (control). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan perbandingan C:N ratio dalam media budidaya untuk pertumbuhan cacing sutra. Penelitian ini menggunakan lumpur dan ampas tahu (perlakuan A), lumpur dan kotoran ayam (perlakuan B), serta lumpur dan kotoran babi (perlakuan C) dan perlakuan K (kontrol: hanya lumpur) sebagai media kultur cacing sutra (Tubifex sp). Proses dekomposisi dilakukan selama 6 hari, kemudian dilakukan penebaran cacing sutra dengan berat awal 30 gram/wadah penelitian. Waktu pemeliharaan dilakukan selama 21 hari dalam sistem air mengalir. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rasio C:N sebesar 60,55 untuk perlakuan A, 45,85 untuk perlakuan B, 36,08 untuk perlakuan C, dan 35,25 untuk K. Media yang menggunakan ampas tahu dan lumpur memberikan pengaruh tertinggi terhadap pertumbuhan cacing sutra, kemudian disusul oleh media kotoran babi dan lumpur, media kotoran ayam dan lumpur dan terendah media lumpur (kontrol).

scholarly journals Combined application of animal manure and straw benefit soil fauna community in dryland farming

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling Sun ◽  
Jinggui Wu
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fauna ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Animal Manure ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Pig Manure ◽  
Dominance Index ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
Manure Treatment ◽  
Maize Straw ◽  
Richness Index

Abstract. Addition of organic wastes such as animal manures and straw is a feasible practice to alleviate soil degradation, and the mitigation is closely related to the activities of soil-dwelling fauna. In this study, the community structure of soil fauna were compared under four treatment regimes: straw only, and straw combined with the use of chicken manure, ox manure and pig manure. A total of 12459 soil fauna were captured, belonging to 23 groups. Treatments animal manure combined with straw led to increased the number of soil fauna groups and individuals, diversity index, richness index and dominance index, while reduced the evenness index of soil fauna. Compared to the other treatments, maize straw plus chicken manure and maize straw plus pig manure treatments had the largest number of soil fauna groups. Among all the treatments, Oribatida, Astigmata, Desoria and Folsomia were the dominant species, accounting for 69.94 % of the total number of individuals. Maize straw plus pig manure treatment had the largest diversity index soil fauna community. The richness index of soil fauna community in maize straw plus chicken manure and maize straw plus pig manure treatments were higher compared to other treatments. The highest dominance index of soil fauna was recorded in maize straw plus ox manure treatment. In conclusion, our findings suggested that animal manure combined with straw, especially the application of maize straw plus pig manure was the most effective treatment for enhancing soil fauna community.

scholarly journals The Residue of Tetracycline Antibiotics in Soil and Vegetable and Its Effect On The Diversity of Soil Bacterial Community

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Longshui Xu ◽  
Weizhong Wang ◽  
Weihong Xu
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Soil Microbial Community ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Pig Manure ◽  
Livestock Manure ◽  
Tetracycline Antibiotics ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Manure Treatment

Abstract [Background] Tetracycline antibiotics (TCs) are a broad-spectrum antibiotic, widely used in livestock and poultry breeding. The residue of tetracycline antibiotics in animal manure may cause changes of soil microbial community. [Methods] On the basis of the investigation and analysis of TCs pollution in the soil of main vegetable bases and the livestock manure of major large-scale farms in Chongqing, China, the effects of tetracycline antibiotics on the structure and diversity of soil microbial community were investigated by high-throughput sequencing. [Results] The TCs content in soil was increased by applying livestock manure. The contents of TC, OTC and CTC in the soil under pig manure treatment were 171.07-660.20 μg·kg-1, 25.38-345.78 μg·kg-1 and 170.77-707.47 μg·kg-1, respectively. The contents of TC, OTC and CTC in the soil under the treatment of chicken manure were 166.62-353.61 μg·kg-1, 122.25-251.23 μg·kg-1 and 15.12-80.91 μg·kg-1 respectively. The content of tetracycline antibiotics (TCs) in edible parts of Brassica juncea var. gemmifera was increased after livestock manure treatment, among which pig manure had the greatest influence on the increase of TCs content, and the larger the dosage of pig manure was, the more significant the increase of TCs content was. Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Chioroflexi and bacteroidetes under livestock manure treatment were the dominant phyla, accounting for 85.2%-92.4% of the total abundance of soil bacteria. [Conclusions] The soil OTUs under the treatment of pig manure was higher than that under the treatment of chicken manure. Biogas residue after fermentation treatment can effectively reduce the environmental and ecological risks caused by antibiotic residues.

The Residue of Tetracycline Antibiotics in Soil and Vegetable and Its Effect on the Diversity of Soil Bacterial Community

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Longshui Xu ◽  
Weizhong Wang ◽  
Weihong Xu
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Soil Microbial Community ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Pig Manure ◽  
Livestock Manure ◽  
Tetracycline Antibiotics ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Manure Treatment

Abstract [Background]Tetracycline antibiotics (TCs) are a broad-spectrum antibiotic, widely used in livestock and poultry breeding. The residue of tetracycline antibiotics in animal manure may cause changes of soil microbial community.[Methods]On the basis of the investigation and analysis of TCs pollution in the soil of main vegetable bases and the livestock manure of major large-scale farms in Chongqing, China, the effects of tetracycline antibiotics on the structure and diversity of soil microbial community were investigated by high-throughput sequencing.[Results]The TCs content in soil was increased by applying livestock manure. The contents of TC, OTC and CTC in the soil under pig manure treatment were 171.07-660.20 μg·kg-1, 25.38-345.78 μg·kg-1 and 170.77-707.47 μg·kg-1, respectively. The contents of TC, OTC and CTC in the soil under the treatment of chicken manure were 166.62-353.61 μg·kg-1, 122.25-251.23 μg·kg-1 and 15.12-80.91 μg·kg-1 respectively. The content of tetracycline antibiotics (TCs) in edible parts of Brassica juncea var. gemmifera was increased after livestock manure treatment, among which pig manure had the greatest influence on the increase of TCs content, and the larger the dosage of pig manure was, the more significant the increase of TCs content was. Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Chioroflexi and bacteroidetes under livestock manure treatment were the dominant phyla, accounting for 85.2%-92.4% of the total abundance of soil bacteria.[Conclusions]The soil OTUs under the treatment of pig manure was higher than that under the treatment of chicken manure. Biogas residue after fermentation treatment can effectively reduce the environmental and ecological risks caused by antibiotic residues.

Effective Utilization of Soybean Curd Residue for Chicken Feed as a Plant Protein Source.

1999 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 311-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prapakorn TARACHAI ◽  
Narin THONGWITTAYA ◽  
Hiroshi KAMISOYAMA ◽  
Koh-en YAMAUCHI
Keyword(s):  
Protein Source ◽  
Plant Protein ◽  
Effective Utilization ◽  
Soybean Curd ◽  
Soybean Curd Residue

scholarly journals Growth rate of african catfish (Clarias gariepinus) and plankton diversity in ponds under organic and inorganic fertilization

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (02) ◽  
pp. 17545-17559
Author(s):  
PA Otieno ◽  
◽  
DO Owiti ◽  
PO Onyango ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Phytoplankton Species ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizers ◽  
Average Growth ◽  
Plankton Diversity ◽  
And Control

Aquaculture offers the opportunity for safeguarding local and global food security in the face of declining capture fisheries. However, the form of aquaculture that is commonly practiced in Kenya is characterized by the use of agrochemicals such as fertilizers that negatively impact biodiversity especially when effluents from fish ponds drain into water bodies. This study aimed to determine differences in the growth rate of Clarias gariepinus, an important aquaculture fish in Kenya, to assess plankton diversity, and to identify phytoplankton species associated with pollution under organic and inorganic fertilization regimens using chicken manure, Diammonium phosphate, and urea, respectively. Average growth rate calculated per day was higher in the organically-fertilized ponds at 0.06 cm/day, followed by inorganically-fertilized ponds at 0.05cm/day and then, the control at 0.04 cm/day. Average weight gain was higher in organically-fertilized ponds at 0.08 g/day followed by ponds fertilized with inorganic fertilizer at 0.07 g/day and the control, at 0.06g/day. There were significant differences in growth rate across fertilization regimens (length: F2, 264= 24.06, p = 0.0399; weight: F2, 264 = 20.89, p = 0. 0457). Specifically, although differences in growth rate of fish in organically and inorganically fertilized ponds were not significant, fish in fertilized ponds were on average, longer and weighed more than those in the control pond. Jaccard’s similarity index for phytoplankton was highest (0.38) between organically-fertilized ponds and control but lowest (0.25) between inorganically-fertilized ponds and control. Use of chicken manure produced the highest diversity of zooplankton (Shannon-Weiner’s H in organically-fertilized pond = 1.886; inorganic = 1.044, and control = 0.935). The use of DAP and urea produced the highest proportion of phytoplankton species associated with pollution. These results do not support the commonly reported notion that ponds fertilized using inorganic fertilizers are more productive. Findings suggest that the use of inorganic fertilizers may threaten biodiversity in aquatic ecosystems through the production of toxic algae.

scholarly journals KINETICS OF PHOSPHORUS RELEASE FROM ADDED ROCK PHOSPHATE WITH SOME ORGANIC FERTILIZERS ON CALCAREOUS SOIL.

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
K.M. Naser
Keyword(s):  
Rock Phosphate ◽  
Kinetic Equations ◽  
Phosphorus Release ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Peat Moss ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Sheep Manure ◽  
And Control

Laboratory experiment was conducted using silty clay loam soil collected from Agriculture fields in Abu Ghraib to study the release of phosphorus from rock phosphate (10.22 P%) on  a soil treated with three types of organic fertilizers namely; peat moss , sheep manure  , poultry manure and  control treatment (soil only). Ten grams of air dried soil  mixed with 100 mg of ground rock phosphate  and  organic fertilizers added at 2.5% level (w:w) were  incubated at a laboratory temperature (298 K ) after adding  water  up  to two-thirds of the field capacity for 40, 90, 120, 150 and 180 days. Citric  acide  soluble  available phosphorous  was estimated after each incubation periods and kinetic equations used to test its release from treated samples. The additions of chicken manure was the highest in the  amount  of  dissolved phosphorus values followed by sheep manure, peat moss, rock phosphate and control treatment, reaching levels of citric  acide  extractable  phosphorus to  4.2 , 3.8, 3.3, 3.1 and 2.5 mg P kg-1 soil, respectively. The results also showed superiority of first  order equation in the description of phosphorus release from rock phosphate with  release  rate   coefficient  of 3.801 , 3.865 , 4.328 and 4.366 mg P kg -1 soil h-1 for the treatments: soil and rock phosphate only , peat moss, sheep waste and chicken manure, respectively.

Wastewater sludge and pig manure used as culture media for bioleaching of metal sulphides

2002 ◽  
Vol 65 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 177-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Picher ◽  
P Drogui ◽  
R Guay ◽  
J.F Blais
Keyword(s):  
Culture Media ◽  
Wastewater Sludge ◽  
Pig Manure
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