scholarly journals THE COMPETITIVENESS OF SOYBEAN NODULE BACTERIA STRAINS WITH SLOW AND INTENSIVE GROWTH RATES

2012 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 64-76
Author(s):  
D.V. Krutуlo
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rates ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Nodule Bacteria ◽  
Soybean Crop ◽  
Growth Types ◽  
Soybean Nodule ◽  
Slow Growing ◽  
Intensive Growth

The immune antiserum was obtained to the intensive growing strain of soybean nodule bacteria Bradyrhіzobіum sp. КВ11, which can be used for the competitiveness study of this strain and its monitoring at introduction to soybean agrocenosis. It was shown, that at growing of soybean on the sterile vermiculite the slow growing strain B japonіcum М8 have formed 41,7 % nodules, while competitiveness of the strain Bradyrhіzobіum sp. КВ11 was 58,3 %. In the field conditions, vice versa, the competitiveness of the strain B japonіcum М8 (average for vegetation period) was 70,0 %, with 30 % for the strain Bradyrhіzobіum sp. КВ11. Co-inoculation of soybean seeds with the strains of both growth types appeared to form the most effective symbiosis (the productivity of soybean crop has increased on 10,6–12,9 %) in comparison to mono inoculation.

scholarly journals THE BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF SOYBEAN NODULE BACTERIA WITH THE DIFFERENT SPEED OF GROWTH

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 50-64
Author(s):  
D.V. Krutуlo
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
16S Rrna Genes ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Soybean Nodule ◽  
Bradyrhizobium Sp ◽  
The One ◽  
Symbiotic Properties ◽  
Slow Growing ◽  
Intensive Growth

The phenotypical and genotypic properties of soybean microsymbionts with the different speed of growth were studied. It was established that the strains with the intensive growth were specific to the host-plant, but had differed by their serological, chemotaxonomical and symbiotic properties. The investigated intensive-growing strains were combined into the one serogroup by their antigenic content. The similarity of fatty acids spectrum was observed for the strains with the intensive growth Bradyrhizobium sp. КВ1-1, slow-growing strains B. japonicum 634b and B. japonicum КС2-3. The quantitative and qualitative differences in monosaccharides contents of EPS of the studied strains were revealed. Presence of xylose (2,7 %) and increased contents of rhamnose (18,4 %) were shown to be different in EPS of strain Bradyrhizobium sp. КВ1- 1 and EPS of strains B. japonicum КС2-3 and B. japonicum 634b. Analysis of the sequences of the 16S rRNA genes allowed attributing the strain with the intensive growth to the Bradyrhizobium genus. Genes consistency analysis of 16S rRNA had allowed to refer the intensivegrowing strains to the Bradyrhizobium genus. It was shown that studied intensive-growing strains had formed the nonspecific symbiosis with cow pea.

scholarly journals STUDY OF SOYBEAN SEED MICROFLORA AS А ONE OF PROBABLE FACTORS OF BRADYRHIZOBIUM JAPONICUM DISTRIBUTION

2008 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 84-91
Author(s):  
D.V. Krutуlo
Keyword(s):  
Bradyrhizobium Japonicum ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Nodule Bacteria ◽  
Soybean Rhizobia ◽  
Soybean Nodule ◽  
Deep Layers

The results of studying of the soybean nodule bacteria presence in epiphytic and endophytic microflora of different grades of soybean seeds are presented. The soybean rhizobia was not revealed on the surface and in deep layers of soybean seeds. The soybean seed microbiota of investigated varieties is presented by several morphological types of bacteria and fungy. Their quantity depends on the period of seed storage.

Вплив глюкозовмісних моноцукрів на симбіотичнi властивостi бульбочкових бактерій сої та формування урожаю рослинами

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 460-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
O.V. Kyrychenko ◽  
Yu.O. Khomenko ◽  
S.Ya. Kots
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Nitrogenase Activity ◽  
Root Nodules ◽  
Control Level ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Nodule Bacteria ◽  
Natural Agents ◽  
Soybean Nodule ◽  
Productive Potential ◽  
Symbiotic Properties

<p><span lang="EN-US">The symbiotic properties of soybean nodule bacteria, root nodules forming (nodulation ability), nitrogen-fixing activity and efficiency under the influence of monosaccharides (0.01 M glucose and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine) on rhizobium culture were investigated in greenhouse with sandy soils. Nodulation activity and efficiency was estimated by the number and weight of the nodules formed on the roots of plants; by the formation of vegetative mass and by the yield of soybean seeds. Nitrogenase activity was determined by acetylene-reductase method. The control variant was inoculated by monoculture of soybean rhizobium. A significant increase in the degree of realization of the nodulation ability of rhizobium has been established under the influence of glucose-containing monosaccharides on the culture of microorganisms. Adding glucose to bacteria led to increase the average number of nodules per plant by 1.6, 2.2, and 1.7 times respectively in the phase of development of two true leaves, flowering and active bean formation in soybean. At the same time the weight of the root nodules was increased by 1.4, 2.3, and 1.4 times respectively as compared to control. The number of root nodules was increased by 2.2, 2.3, and 1.4 times as compared to the control while of glucosamine was used; while the </span><span lang="EN-US">weight of these nodules were 2.1 and 1.9 times higher than control in the phase of development of two true leaves and flowering, while in the phase of active beans formation it did not differ from control.</span><span lang="EN-US">T</span><span lang="UK">he functional activity</span><span lang="UK">of the soybean symbiotic </span><span lang="EN-US">system that was formed by</span><span lang="UK"> rhizobial culture </span><span lang="EN-US">and modified by </span><span lang="UK">glucose</span><span lang="EN-US">, had </span><span lang="UK">the highest positive effect, since the nitrogen</span><span lang="EN-US">-fixing</span><span lang="UK"> activity remained stable and </span><span lang="EN-US">was </span><span lang="UK">2.1 and 1.7 times</span><span lang="EN-US"> higher than control.</span><span lang="EN-US">Rhizobia, to suspension of which we added glucosamine, formed a symbiosis with activity that was 1.7 times higher than monoculture in the flowering phase, but later it was at the control level. We registered that inoculants on the basis of bacteria and glucose-containing monosaccharides activated seeds germination. The first true leaf of plants (up to 3.5 times higher than control), their above green mass (25-27% higher) and root system (10-16% higher) were actively formed while we used inoculant with rhizobia and glucose. Plants in the variant with the pre-sowing inoculation of seeds by bacteria and glucosamine almost did not differ from the control.</span><span lang="EN-US">The yield of soybean seeds significantly exceeded (up to 14%) the crop, produced by plants with inoculation by monoculture of rhizobia under the influence of glucose-containing monosaccharides. We indicated high efficiency of soybean-rhizobium symbiosis formed by nodule bacteria modified of glucose-containing monosaccharides. </span><span lang="UK">Thus, the use of glucose-containing mono</span><span lang="EN-US">saccherides </span><span lang="UK">as additional </span><span lang="EN-US">“green” and </span><span lang="UK">safe natural agents in complex inoculants with </span><span lang="EN-US">nodule </span><span lang="UK">soybean bacteria promotes a more complete implementation of the symbiotic and productive potential of soybean-rhizobial symbiosis compared with the use for seed</span><span lang="EN-US">s</span><span lang="UK"> pre-sowing treatment </span><span lang="EN-US">only </span><span lang="UK">of rhizobia monoculture in </span><span lang="EN-US">greenhouse </span><span lang="UK">with sandy </span><span lang="EN-US">culture</span><span lang="EN-US">.</span></p>

scholarly journals COMPOSITION OF STRAINS BRADYRHIZOBIUM JAPONICUM AND ITS USE FOR SOYBEAN INOCULATION

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 29-36
Author(s):  
D. V. Krutylo
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Bradyrhizobium Japonicum ◽  
Molecular Nitrogen ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Nodule Bacteria ◽  
Symbiotic System ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Soybean Plants

In the vegetation experiment conditions it was established that the greatest effect of soybean bacterization can be obtained by two strains of nodule bacteria with slow (Bradyrhizobium japonicum 46) and intensive (B. japonicum КВ11) growth rates when these strains used in inoculum in the ratio 1 : 1 (binary composition). In compared to the mono-inoculation the combined use of these strains contributed the formation of balanced symbiotic system, increase the level of molecular nitrogen fixation, content of chlorophyll in the biomass leaves and above ground mass of different soybean plants varieties on 7.8–19.6 %. In a field experiment inoculation of soybean seeds with a composition of B. japonicum strains to increase the soybean yields by 11.1–13.7 % compared to the mono-inoculation.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF POLYSACCHARIDE-PROTEIN COMPLEX ON THE EFFICIENCY OF BACTERIZATION OF SOYBEAN WITH RYZOHUMIN

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 13-19
Author(s):  
S. F. Kozar ◽  
T. A. Yevtushenko ◽  
T. O. Usmanova
Keyword(s):  
Protein Complex ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Control Parameters ◽  
Soybean Variety ◽  
Nodule Bacteria ◽  
Simultaneous Treatment ◽  
Soybean Nodule ◽  
Soybean Plants ◽  
Microbial Symbiosis ◽  
Microbial Preparation

Objective. Study the effect of the polysaccharide-protein complex on the efficiency of the use of the microbial preparation Ryzohumin for presowing and early bacterization of soybean seeds. Methods. Field experiment, microbiological, gas chromatography, mathematical statistics methods. Results. The influence of presowing bacterization of Suziria soybean variety on the formation of plant-microbial symbiosis with the use of Ryzohumin and simultaneous treatment of seeds with polysaccharide-protein complex (PPC) was studied. It was found that the highest number of nodules was in the variant with presowing bacterization using Ryzohumin with PPC: 4.5 times higher compared to control. In the variant with the use of PPC with early bacterization of seeds, the number of nodules on the roots of the plants was at the level of the variant with presowing bacterization using Ryzohumin (without PPC), although it was lower than the variant with presowing bacterization with the use of PPC. The largest weight of nodules was found during presowing bacterization using Ryzohumin and PPC treatment: it was on average 5.3 times higher compared to control during the years of studies. In the study of the influence of bacterization on the nitrogen-fixing activity of soybean nodule bacteria, its growth in all variants with bacterization was established. The highest activity was observed in the variant with presowing bacterization and treatment using PPC — 6,278.0 nmol C2H4/plant per hour, which is 2.7 times higher in comparison with the control parameters (without bacterization). With the early bacterization of seeds with Ryzohumin and PPC, the activity of nitrogen fixation was at the level of the variant with pre-sowing bacterization without PPC. On average, over the three years, the yield of soybean under pre-sowing bacterization was 3.33–3.43 t/ha, which is 29.6–33.5% higher than in the control, and early bacterization with Ryzohumin and PPC treatment provided an increase of 0.68 t/ha, which is 26.5% higher than in the control. Conclusion. Bacterization with Ryzohumin and simultaneous treatment with PPC helps to increase the weight and number of nodules on the roots of soybean plants both during pre-sowing and early bacterization of seeds. Formation of effective plant-microbial symbiosis provides an increased yield of soybeans up to 33.5% compared to the control variant. At the same time, early bacterization simultaneously with PPC provides an increased yield of 26.5%. The data obtained can be used to improve soybean cultivation technologies.

scholarly journals Ontogeny of beech seedlings in the first vegetation period in stand conditions

2002 ◽  
pp. 81-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Bobinac
Keyword(s):  
Growth Period ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Beech Forests ◽  
Vegetation Growth ◽  
Closed Canopy ◽  
Stand Conditions ◽  
Root Collar ◽  
Intensive Growth

The ontogenetic properties of moesian beech seedlings were analysed in the first vegetation growth period at identical sites, but in different stand conditions based on the divergent values of unique and complex biological characteristics. The seedlings were formed on the deluvium at the site of montane beech forests (Fagetum moesiacae montanum typicum Jov. 1976) on deep eutric brown soil. The terrain is gently sloped, exposure east-southeast, altitude about 470 m The seedlings from the completely closed part of the stand are the phenotype of the sciomorphic structural form. Their above-ground shoots usually consist of: hypocotyl, cotyledons (or their scars), above-cotyledon internode-epicotyl, a weak (leafless, as a rule), sylleptically formed "above-epicotyl axis", two opposite, primary, leaves and vegetative buds, large terminal and undeveloped in the axyl cotyledons and primary leaves Compared to the conditions in the closed canopy, seedlings on the felling area differ in some biological properties and form a different phenotype In the different environment conditions, the greater significance of differences between identical biological properties is expressed according to the order of their origin. The most expressed differences occur in the development of the "above-epicotyl axis". In the juvenile stage of ontogeny, in the conditions of more illuminated felling area, Moesian beech can form shoots with shortened or incomplete cycle of morphogenesis and thus it is ontogenetically adapted to site and weather conditions More intensive growth of the "above-epicotyl axis" of the seedlings on the felling area conditioned the averagely higher seedlings at the end of the first vegetation growth period, more numerous assimilation apparatus, larger diameter root collar, larger diameter of hypocotyl and epicotyl parts. The range between average effects of growth in closed stands and in felling area points to the development potentials of beech depending on the factors of ecological nature, which can be controlled, to some extent, by silvicultural measures.

Maintenance of multiplication rate stability by cell populations in the face of heterogeneity among individual cells

1988 ◽  
Vol 91 (4) ◽  
pp. 571-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Grundel ◽  
H. Rubin
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rates ◽  
Cell Populations ◽  
Multiplication Rate ◽  
Population Growth Rates ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Constant Multiplication ◽  
Embryo Cells ◽  
The Face ◽  
Nih 3T3 ◽  
Slow Growing

We addressed the question of how a population of cells can maintain a constant multiplication rate given the heterogeneity of its individual members. Using the NIH 3T3 line of mouse embryo cells, comparisons were made of multiplication rates between offspring subclones and the parental clones from which the subclones were derived. Parents at all levels of multiplication rate produced offspring with a wide range of multiplication rates. Offspring from parent cells with the highest growth rates rarely exceeded their parents in rate of multiplication. Offspring from slow-growing parents, however, often exceeded the parents. It is concluded that the multiplication of NIH 3T3 populations represents constant diversification in multiplication rate: heterogeneous parents producing heterogeneous offspring. Population growth rates can remain stable because the fastest-growing parents generally produce offspring that multiply slower than the parents while the slowest parents often produce offspring that multiply faster than the parents.

scholarly journals Effects of Initial Soil Properties on Three-Year Performance of Six Tree Species in Tropical Dry Forest Restoration Plantings

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Carrasco-Carballido ◽  
Cristina Martínez-Garza ◽  
Héctor Jiménez-Hernández ◽  
Flavio Márquez-Torres ◽  
Julio Campo
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Tropical Dry Forest ◽  
Dry Forest ◽  
Diameter Growth ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
Initial Soil ◽  
Slow Growing ◽  
Fast Growing Species

Deforestation of tropical dry forest reduces soil fertility, with negative effects on future restoration intervention. To evaluate the effect of initial soil properties on three-year performance of six tree species in restoration settings, we measured C, N, and P contents in topsoils of 48 plots under minimal (exclusions of livestock grazing) and maximal (plantings of six native species) restoration intervention during two years in tropical dry forest in central Mexico. Survival and height and diameter relative growth rates were evaluated by species and by growth rank (three fast- and three slow-growing species). After two years, organic C and the C:N ratio increased early during natural succession; these increases might be related to high density of N2-fixing recruits at both intervention levels. Changes in N availability for plants (i.e., NO3− and NH4+ contents) occurred after cattle exclusion. After 40 months, the fast-growing legume Leucaena esculenta (DC.) Benth. had the highest survival (65.55%) and relative growth rate in both height (3.16%) and diameter (5.67%). Fast-growing species had higher survival and diameter growth rates than slow-growing species. Higher diameter growth rates for fast-growing species may be associated with a higher ability to forage for soil resources, whereas similar height growth rates for slow and fast-growing species suggested low competition for light due to slow natural succession at the site. Planted seedlings had higher survival possibly due to initial high NO3− content in the soil. Also, fast-growing species seem to benefit from initially higher pH in the soil. Both soil properties (i.e., pH and NO3−) may be augmented to favor the performance of fast-growing species in restoration plantings and to further accelerate soil recovery in tropical dry forests.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document