scholarly journals EFFICACY OF MICROBIAL PREPARATIONS IN GROWING SPRING WHEAT DEPENDING ON THE FERTILIZATION BACKGROUND

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 51-56
Author(s):  
О. S. Vlasiuk
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Percentage Efficiency ◽  
Spring Cereals ◽  
After Effect ◽  
Field Measuring ◽  
Inoculation Treatment ◽  
Fertilization System ◽  
Bacterial Preparations

Objective. Develop a fertilization system for spring wheat based on the use of effective compositions of nitrogen-fixing and phosphorus-mobilizing bacteria, which will help to reduce the spreadof disease and increase the productivity of agrocenoses. Methods. Field, measuring- and weightbased, calculation, mathematical and statistical. Results. The influence of mineral fertilizers, aftereffects of green manure, treatment of seeds with biopreparations and spraying of crops with Biocomplex-BTU on the parameters of productivity and exposure of spring wheat to powdery mildewhas been shown. It was found that pre-sowing bacterization of seeds increases yields by 3.3–12.4 %, depending on the biopreparations and fertilization background. Under the action of mineral fertilizers both separately and against the background of the after-effect of green manure, theyield increased by 31.7–41.2 %, compared with the variant without fertilizers and without inoculation. Treatment of spring wheat leaf with Biocomplex-BTU increased yield by 3.6–7.2 %, dependingon fertilizer and pre-sowing bacterization of seeds. Inoculation of seeds and treatment of crops withbiopreparations results in increase in the number and length of productive stems and grains inthe ear, although the use of fertilizers increases these parameters more significantly. Conclusion. Treatment of wheat seeds with bacterial preparations has a higher percentage efficiency in areas without fertilizers compared with fertilized ones, as well as in less favourable years for thegrowth of spring cereals, compared with more favourable. Seed inoculation with Polimiksobakterynin combination with the treatment of crops with Biocomplex-BTU, which, depending on the fertilizer, increases the crop yield by 0.54 to 0.73 t/ha, is the most effective. Crop treatment with Biocomplex-BTU significantly reduces exposure to powdery mildew.

scholarly journals THE EFFECTIVENESS OF DIAZOPHIT APPLICATION IN DIFFERENT FERTILIZATION SYSTEMS AT CULTIVATION OF SPRING WHEAT

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 116-123
Author(s):  
G.V. Khomenko ◽  
O.M. Berdnikov ◽  
L.V. Potapenko ◽  
O.G. Gapon ◽  
V.P. Lavska
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Minimal Norm ◽  
Yield Gain ◽  
Cost Efficient ◽  
Fertilization System

It was established, that the increase of a grain yield of spring wheat at diazophit application makes about 8.6 up to 19,8 % depending on the fertilization system. Yield gain by the use of biopreparation was more cost efficient than from the use of mineral fertilizers. Energy efficiency of diazophit inoculation is the largest in the system with the minimal norm of mineral fertilizers. It had exceeded the control on 19,6 %.

scholarly journals The Comparative Efficiency of Organic, Mineral and Organo-Mineral Fertilizers for the Winter Wheat Grain Yield in the Forest-Steppe of the Volga Region

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 00094
Author(s):  
Alevtina Kulikova ◽  
Evgeniy Yashin ◽  
Alexander Karpov ◽  
Elena Volkova
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Comparative Efficiency ◽  
Organic Mineral ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Fertilization System ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

The study deals with organic, mineral and organo-mineral systems of winter wheat fertilization in the conditions of the Volga forest-steppe. According to the organic fertilization system, straw of the predecessor, green manure and Biocomposite-correct were introduced into the soil (typical medium-thick medium loamy chernozem) for green manure mass (vetch-oat mixture). The organo-mineral system included two options: straw applied together with nitrogen in a dose of 10 kg per 1 ton of straw and zeolite enriched with amino acids. The mineral fertilizers were nitrogene phosphorus with the NPK content of 16 kg ai/ha, carbamide and potassium chloride. In addition, highly siliceous rock zeolite was applied as a fertilizer. It was found that the use of organic and organomineral fertilizers improves the nutrient regime of the soil; in terms of the content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the arable layer, these options were not inferior to the option with the use of mineral fertilizers. When introducing zeolite enriched with amino acids, the yield of winter wheat exceeded the option with the use of mineral fertilizers by 0.59 t/ha. The use of organic and organo-mineral fertilizers contributes to the production of environmentally friendly products

scholarly journals CHANGE IN FERTILITY INDICATORS OF GRAY FOREST SOIL AND CROP PRODUCTIVITY IN THE CROP ROTATION LINK WHEN APPLYING FERTILIZERS

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-65
Author(s):  
Rafil Shakirov ◽  
Zakirzhan Bikmuhametov ◽  
Fidail Hisamiev ◽  
Faik Safiollin
Keyword(s):  
Forest Soil ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Productivity Growth ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Gray Forest Soil ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
First Year ◽  
Second Year

The purpose of the work is to study the effect and aftereffect of various types and rates of fertilizers on the change in the main fertility indicators of gray forest soil, as well as the productivity of the crop rotation link. The experiments were carried out in the grain-row unit (spring wheat - corn - spring wheat - peas) of a nine-field grain-herb-row crop rotation. The scheme of the experiment provided for the study of the following options: the calculated doses of mineral fertilizers for the formation of 4 t/ha of spring wheat grain, 40 t/ha of green mass of corn, 3 t/ha of pea grain, thermally treated granulated chicken manure in doses 1, 2, 3 t/ha, bedding manure in a dose equivalent to 3 t/ha of granulated droppings, buckwheat stubble green manure sown after harvesting winter rye. Under the influence of 1-2-3 t/ha of granulated chicken manure, the content of nitrogen (Nг) in the soil increased, compared with the control, by 73.1-81.1-112.0%, respectively, phosphorus (P2O5) - by 69.3- 79.8-91.3%, potassium (K2O) - by 90.3-140-188%; in the first year of aftereffect, Nг increased by 42.6-50.5-58.4%, P2O5- by 28.6-39.3-52.1%, K2O - by 56.1-84.8-170, 7%; in the second year of aftereffect Nг - by 13.1-21.3-44.0%, P2O5- by 40.1-51.2-74.4%, K2O - by 63.3-124.1-133.1 %. When manure was applied (42 t/ha), the amount of Nг, P2O5, K2O decreased, compared to 3 t/ha of granulated chicken manure, in the year of action, respectively, by 43.4, 19.0 and 42.2%, in the first year of aftereffect - by 16.6, 22.1, 48.1%. In the second year of the aftereffect, the values of these indicators when using manure and 3 t/ha of granulated chicken manure were equivalent. In the variant with the incorporation of buckwheat green manure, the content of mobile forms of macronutrients varied similarly to manure. Under the influence of 1, 2 and 3 t/ha of granulated chicken manure, the productivity of the crop rotation link increased, compared with the control, by 78.5, 104.3, 122.6%, respectively. The effect from the action and three years of aftereffect of 42 t/ha of manure was below the level of 3 t/ha of of granulated chicken manure by 12% (productivity growth 110.6%), buckwheat green manure - at the level of 1 t/ha of granulated chicken manure (productivity growth 80.6%) ... Depending on the type and norms of fertilizers, the profitability of production was 54 ... 196%

scholarly journals EFFICIENCY OF GRAIN-CROP ROTATION, DEPENDING ON SEEDING OF MANURE, STRAW AND INTERMEDIATE SIDERATE

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 11-15
Author(s):  
Marsel Akhmetzyanov ◽  
Ivan Talanov
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
Combined Application

The article presents the results of studies on the introduction of manure, straw and intermediate green manure in a grain-grass crop rotation against the background of the introduction of calculated doses of mineral fertilizers on the gray forest soil of the Republic of Tatarstan. The results of studies showed that options with the introduction of manure and plant biomass reduced the soil density in the 0-10 cm layer by 0.02-0.04 g/cm3, in the 10-20 cm layer by 0.03-0.04 g/cm3. The total content of structural aggregates in the variants with the introduction of manure and the joint incorporation of straw and green manure increased to 46.7-72.9%, the structural coefficient was 0.87-2.69, against 44.3-63.9% and 0.79 -1.77 on the mineral background. The amount of crop and root residues that came into the soil after harvesting perennial grasses more accumulated in the backgrounds with the addition of manure, straw and green manure and amounted to 10.8-12.1 tons per hectare, while the mineral background made up only 10, 11 tons per hectare. Against the same background, an increase in the content of humus in the soil by 0.12-0.16% occurred. Improving the soil fertility of the soil, manure, straw and green manure contributed to an increase in crop yields in crop rotation compared with the mineral background: winter rye by 0.2-5.0 centner, spring wheat by 1.2-6.8 centner, perennial grasses by 1.2-7.3 grain units, spring wheat – 2.5-5.4 centner, oats - 2.4-5.3 center per hectare. Crop cultivation in a grain-grass crop rotation on the background of the combined application of straw and crop green manure made it possible to get a maximum profit of 22,835.6 rubles per ha with a profitability level of 162.8%, against 15540.0 rubles per ha and a profitability of 96.4% against a mineral background.

scholarly journals EFFICIENCY OF BACTERIAL PREPARATIONS DEPENDING ON THE FERTILIZATION OF WINTER WHEAT

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 18-23
Author(s):  
O. S. Vlasiuk ◽  
N. V. Kovalchuk
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Bacterial Preparations

The article presents the results of the study of the influence of mineral fertilizers, green manure,seed treatment with biopreparations and spraying of crops with Biocomplex-BTU on the parameters ofproductivity and affection of two varieties of wheat by the mildew of plants. It has been established thatpre-seeding bacterization contributes to the increase of yield by 0.09-0.34 t/ha, depending on thebiopreparation and fertilization. Under the action of mineral fertilizers alone or in combination withgreen manure, the yield increased by 1.74-2.21 t/ha, compared with the variant without fertilizers andwithout inoculation. The treatment of winter wheat crops by Biocomplex-BTU promotes yield increase by0.19-0.34 t/ha, depending on the fertilization and inoculation of seeds. Under inoculation of seeds andtreatment of crops with biopreparation, the number of productive stems and grains in the spike increases,while the weight of 1000 grains is predominantly reduced.Under use of fertilizers, specified parameters increase significantly. The most effective is the use ofbiopreparations without fertilizers.

Prospects of spring wheat cultivation in the conditions of arid Volga region

2020 ◽  
pp. 28-33
Author(s):  
Valery Genadievich Popov ◽  
Andrey Vladimirovich Panfilov ◽  
Yuriy Vyacheslavovich Bondarenko ◽  
Konstantin Mikhailovich Doronin ◽  
Evgeny Nikolaevih Martynov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Wheat Cultivation ◽  
Forest Belts ◽  
Clear Differentiation ◽  
The Impact

The article analyzes the experience of the impact of the system of forest belts and mineral fertilizers on the yield of spring wheat, including on irrigated lands. Vegetation irrigation is designed to maintain the humidity of the active soil layer from germination to maturation at the lower level of the optimum-70-75%, and in the phases of tubulation-earing - flowering - 75-80% NV. However, due to the large differences in zones and microzones of soil and climate conditions and due to the weather conditions of individual years, wheat irrigation regimes require a clear differentiation. In the Volga region in the dry autumn rainfalls give the norm of 800-1000 m3/ha, and in saline soils – 1000-1300 and 3-4 vegetation irrigation at tillering, phases of booting, earing and grain formation the norm 600-650 m3/ha. the impact of the system of forest belts, mineral fertilizers on the yield of spring wheat is closely tied to the formation of microclimate at different distances from forest edges.

PRODUCTIVITY OF SPRING WHEAT DEPENDING ON GROWING CONDITIONS

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Mineral Nutrition ◽  
Photosynthetic Activity ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Biological Products ◽  
Upper Volga ◽  
The Upper Volga Region

Spring wheat is the main grain crop. Stable production of high-quality wheat grain is the key to the country's food independence. Therefore, the study of the elements of growing spring wheat technology, aimed at increasing the productivity of crops, is important. The study of the interaction of plants and microorganisms depending on the level of mineral nutrition in crop planning is currently ofparticular relevance. The use of biological products, growth regulators improves the mineral nutrition of plants, increases productivity and its quality, and also provides savings in mineral fertilizers. In the upper Volga region, the main spring crops are wheat, barley and oats. To further increase them in the region, it is necessary to study the characteristics of the formation of yields and determine the most productive crops depending on the level of nutrition, biological products and growth regulators. The scientific article presents the results of the study of these drugs on the productivity of spring wheat. In field experiments, it was planned to get 30, 40 and 50 tons of grain per hectare. Fertilizers for the planned harvest were made taking into account the agrochemical properties of the soil. From biological products used Flavobacterin, which has a protective effect against diseases and improves product quality, from growth regulators used agrochemicals HUMATE + 7 (10 % liquid concentrate), which is characterized by high biological activity. The yield level was determined taking into account the average long-term moisture supply and qualitative assessment of arable land. The indicators of photosynthetic activity of crops, crop and its structure, quality characteristics of grain and economic efficiency of growing spring wheat in the upper Volga region are presented. As a result of researches the optimum level of mineral nutrition for wheat, the efficacy of agrochemical diazotroph and programming yields of spring wheat, determined the photosynthetic activity of crops and grain yield, calculated economic efficiency of the studied techniques and established the qualitative characteristics of the crop. The program for obtaining the planned wheat yields in the years of the experiments was completed by 68-91 %. Close to the planned the program was implemented using a biological product and growth regulator-74-91 %.

EFFICIENCY OF MINERAL FERTILIZERS ON SOFT SPRING WHEAT AT ZERO-TILLAGE

2021 ◽  
pp. 55-64
Author(s):  
E.V. Mamykin ◽  
V.M. Filonov ◽  
Ya.P. Nazdrachev ◽  
P.E. Nazarova
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Zero Tillage

scholarly journals The influence of methods of basic tillage and fertilizers on the content of basic nutrients in leached chernozem

2022 ◽  
Vol 354 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 123-128
Author(s):  
E. V. Kuzina
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Nitrate Nitrogen ◽  
Weighted Average ◽  
Sharp Decrease ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Adaptive Landscape ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Biological Product ◽  
Resource Saving

Relevance. The preservation, reproduction and rational use of agricultural soil fertility is the main condition for the stable development of the agro-industrial complex. Mechanical tillage systems, the use of mineral and microbiological fertilizers are one of the main links in adaptive landscape farming systems. In the conditions of a sharp decrease in the rates of fertilizer application, an increase in the imbalance of elements of mineral nutrition of plants observed in recent years in agroecosystems, the function of improving the regimes of chernozems, preserving their fertility is designed to perform resource-saving technologies of soil cultivation in combination with effective methods of using agrochemicals that combine environmental and economic feasibility.Methods. The experiments were laid in 2017–2019 on chernozem heavy loamy soils typical for most farms in the Ulyanovsk region. The object of the study is spring wheat, the variety Ulyanovskaya 100. The subject of the study is the methods of tillage, doses of mineral fertilizers, the biological product "BisolbiFit". The following technological methods of using the biological product were studied: seed treatment before sowing, non-root treatment of vegetating plants and a combination of these methods. The experiment was carried out on three backgrounds: N0P0K0 (control); 2) N30P30K30; 3) N60P60K60.Results. It was found that the best nitrification ability was possessed by variants with fine combback and comb-back with soil-deepening treatment, in which the weighted average content of nitrate nitrogen was 3.29–3.33 mg/100 g, which is 35–36%; 26–28%; 43–44% more than with fine, conventional non-dump and dump treatment respectively. Plowing improved the conditions of phosphorus and potassium nutrition of plants by 25–37% and 6–14% compared to other treatments. When N30P30K30 and N60 P60 K60 were applied to the soil, the content of nitrate nitrogen increased by 46 and 91%, phosphorus — by 0–14% and potassium — by 6 and 21% compared to the nonfertilized background. More effective in terms of the effect on the productivity of spring wheat were comb-shaped treatments, where the average yield was 2.89–2.94 t/ha, which exceeded the usual plowing by 0.19–0.24 t/ha. The greatest increase in yield was obtained when combining the methodsseed treatment + spraying of vegetative plants with the biological preparation "BisolbiFit". On an unfertilized background, the increase in grain yield was -0.71, on the background of N30P30K30 — 1.04, on the background of N60P60K60 — 1.56 t/ha.

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