scholarly journals “Invasion” in the Russian Arctic: is global Climate Changea real driver? A remarkable case of two nudibranch species

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-113
Author(s):  
Irina A. Ekimova ◽  
Tatiana I. Antokhina ◽  
Dimitry М. Schepetov
Keyword(s):  
Barents Sea ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Russian Arctic ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
Remarkable Case ◽  
The North ◽  
Haplotype Networks ◽  
New Findings

In present paper, we report the first findings of two large and conspicuous nudibranch species for Russian waters - Goniodoris nodosa and Flabellina pellucida. Both species show wide distribution in the northeastern Atlantic waters or even in the north-western Atlantic in the case of F. pellucida. The morphology of both species was studied using anatomical dissections and scanning electron microscopy. Molecular diversity was assessed by sequencing of COI marker and reconstruction of haplotype networks. In the Barents Sea, both species show minor genetic differences from their European relatives and similar morphological characters. Putative explanations of new findings for Russian Arctic are discussed.

scholarly journals Detailed description and illustration of larva, pupa and imago of Holorusia mikado (Westwood, 1876) (Diptera: Tipulidae) from Japan

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Levente-Péter Kolcsár ◽  
Takeyuki Nakamura ◽  
Daichi Kato ◽  
Kozo Watanabe
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Litter ◽  
North American ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Female Genitalia ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Aquatic Habitats ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
The North ◽  
First Time

Holorusia Loew, 1863 (Diptera: Tipulidae) is a relatively large crane fly genus with a wide distribution in the Afrotropic, Australasian–Oceanian, Eastern Palearctic, Oriental and Nearctic Regions. Although the genus is well known to include the largest crane fly species, the immature stages are, thus far, only described for the larva and pupa of the North American Holorusia hesperea Arnaud & Byers, 1990. In this study, we describe for the first time the egg, larva and pupae of the Japanese Holorusia mikado (Westwood, 1876). Larvae were collected from semi-aquatic habitats, from slow flowing areas of streams and small waterfalls where leaf litter accumulates; the larvae are detritivores and feed on wet, decomposing leaves. The larvae were reared to adults in the laboratory. Morphological characters of immature stages discussed with comparison with the North American H. hespera. Male and female genitalia are illustrated and described in detail for the first time.

Phylogeographic structuring of the amphidromous shrimp Atya scabra (Crustacea, Decapoda, Atyidae) unveiled by range-wide mitochondrial DNA sampling

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (8) ◽  
pp. 1078 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caio M. C. A. Oliveira ◽  
Mariana Terossi ◽  
Fernando L. Mantelatto
Keyword(s):  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Genetic Connectivity ◽  
Biological Traits ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
Lineage Differentiation ◽  
Genetic Groups ◽  
16S Gene ◽  
Haplotype Networks ◽  
Dna Sampling

Species with biological traits favourable to long-distance marine larval dispersal might show a phylogeographic structuring over broad regions, even when they are genetically connected within smaller scales. Here, we evaluated this hypothesis by using the widespread amphidromous shrimp Atya scabra, predicting a genetic discontinuity across biogeographical barriers throughout the Western Gulf of Mexico (WGM), Caribbean Sea (CS), south-western Atlantic (SWA) and eastern Atlantic (EA). Using cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (COI) and 16S ribosomal unit (16S) gene fragments, we did a phylogeographic assessment and genetic characterisation with Bayesian clustering, AMOVA, haplotype networks and demographic analyses. As predicted, three discrete genetic groups, corresponding to the regions WGM, CS and EA, were uncovered by COI, as well an unpredicted SWA+CS group. The 16S fragment detected a low genetic variation, probably owing to a recent lineage differentiation, which was estimated by the COI molecular clock. We evaluated the role of the biological traits of A. scabra, as well as the consequences of Panama Isthmus closure and Pleistocene glaciation cycles in the lineage isolation of WGM and EA, as well as the genetic connectivity shown within regions and between CS and SWA. Our results highlighted that amphidromous species genetically connected over large scales should be genetically characterised in their wide distribution to provide more comprehensive systematics and to assist decision-making in biological conservation.

Marsh vegetation in the north-east of Malozemelskaya tundra

2011 ◽  
pp. 45-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. V. Matveyeva ◽  
O. V. Lavrinenko
Keyword(s):  
Barents Sea ◽  
European Part ◽  
Russian Arctic ◽  
Marsh Vegetation ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
The Barents Sea ◽  
First Time ◽  
Different Levels

For the first time on the north-east of Malozemelskaya tundra at the coast of the Barents Sea the following 5 associations — Puccinellietum phryganodis Hadač 1946 (with subassociations inops Thannheiser, Willers 1988 ex Hofmann 1969 and caricetosum subspatheceае Thannheiser, Willers 1988 nom. nud).; Caricetum subspathaceae Hadač 1946 with subass. Inops Molenaar 1974 and arctanthemetosum hultenii subass. nov. (with variants inops var. nov. and typicum var. nov.); Caricetum glareosae Molenaar 1974 (as a geographical vicariant Calamagrostis deschampsioides vic. nov.) (with subassociations typicum and festucetosum rubrae); Scirpeto—Hippuridetum tetraphyllae Nordh. 1954 (inops subass. nov.), and the Dupontia psilosantha com. type that belong to the three alliance of the Glauco-Puccinellietalia order of the Juncetea maritime class are described with the Braun-Blanquet approach. A provisional ass. Parnassio palustris—Salicetum reptantis ass. nov. prov. represented the transitional vegetation between marshes and tundras belongs to the Scheuchzerio—Caricetea fuscae class. This shows that syntaxa of different levels known previously for various territories outside of the Russian Arctic are rather common at least in its European part. The comparison of the classification units of both Braun-Blanquet and Russian dominant systems (used by A. I. Leskov in the same region in the first half of the last century) has demonstrated a large correspondence in between and the absence of the insuperable barrier between two approaches.

Navigation in the Russian Arctic: Sea Ice Caused Difficulties and Accidents

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nataliya Marchenko
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Barents Sea ◽  
Arctic Sea Ice ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Russian Arctic ◽  
Arctic Seas ◽  
The North ◽  
The Barents Sea ◽  
Arctic Sea ◽  
Ice Conditions

The 5 Russian Arctic Seas have common features, but differ significantly from each other in the sea ice regime and navigation specifics. Navigation in the Arctic is a big challenge, especially during the winter season. However, it is necessary, due to limited natural resources elsewhere on Earth that may be easier for exploitation. Therefore sea ice is an important issue for future development. We foresee that the Arctic may become ice free in summer as a result of global warming and even light yachts will be able to pass through the Eastern Passage. There have been several such examples in the last years. But sea ice is an inherent feature of Arctic Seas in winter, it is permanently immanent for the Central Arctic Basin. That is why it is important to get appropriate knowledge about sea ice properties and operations in ice conditions. Four seas, the Kara, Laptev, East Siberian, and Chukchi have been examined in the book “Russian Arctic Seas. Navigation Condition and Accidents”, Marchenko, 2012 [1]. The book is devoted to the eastern sector of the Arctic, with a description of the seas and accidents caused by heavy ice conditions. The traditional physical-geographical characteristics, information about the navigation conditions and the main sea routes and reports on accidents that occurred in the 20th century have reviewed. An additional investigation has been performed for more recent accidents and for the Barents Sea. Considerable attention has been paid to problems associated with sea ice caused by the present development of the Arctic. Sea ice can significantly affect shipping, drilling, and the construction and operation of platforms and handling terminals. Sea ice is present in the main part of the east Arctic Sea most of the year. The Barents Sea, which is strongly influenced and warmed by the North Atlantic Current, has a natural environment that is dramatically different from those of the other Arctic seas. The main difficulties with the Barents Sea are produced by icing and storms and in the north icebergs. The ice jet is the most dangerous phenomenon in the main straits along the Northern Sea Route and in Chukchi Seas. The accidents in the Arctic Sea have been classified, described and connected with weather and ice conditions. Behaviour of the crew is taken into consideration. The following types of the ice-induced accidents are distinguished: forced drift, forced overwintering, shipwreck, and serious damage to the hull in which the crew, sometimes with the help of other crews, could still save the ship. The main reasons for shipwrecks and damages are hits of ice floes (often in rather calm ice conditions), ice nipping (compression) and drift. Such investigation is important for safety in the Arctic.

Oil exploration and sea ice projections in the Arctic

Polar Record ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Øistein Harsem ◽  
Knut Heen ◽  
J.M.P. Rodrigues ◽  
Terje Vassdal
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Barents Sea ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Global Climate Model ◽  
Ice Cover ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Oil Exploration ◽  
Comparative Cost ◽  
The North

ABSTRACTThe aim of this study is to investigate how reduction in the sea ice cover may affect oil activity in the Arctic during the next 30 years. The Arctic is divided into 21 oil provinces. A multidisciplinary approach is applied drawing on both the comparative cost techniques as developed in location theory and sea ice cover projections. The comparative cost technique implies a systematic listing of cost differentials by oil provinces. The sea ice projections are based on the NCAR CCSM3 global climate model under the A1B and A2 emission scenarios. The article concludes that the north Norwegian Sea, and south and west Barents Sea will remain the most attractive areas for oil exploration in the coming 30 years. Furthermore, due to sea ice decline, the north and east Barents Sea and north and west Kara Sea will become more attractive. However, most Arctic provinces will remain high cost regions.

New fossils of Neogene pricklebacks (Actinopterygii: Stichaeidae) from East Asia

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 128-137
Author(s):  
M.V. Nazarkin ◽  
Y. Yabumoto
Keyword(s):  
East Asia ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Fossil Record ◽  
Kamchatka Peninsula ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
The North ◽  
New Findings ◽  
North Western ◽  
Honshu Island ◽  
North Western Pacific

Two new findings of fossil pricklebacks (Pisces: Stichaeidae) from the Miocene deposits of Honshu Island (Japan) and Kamchatka Peninsula (Russia) are described. Both specimens are incomplete and cannot be identified below either family or subfamily level. Nevertheless, these findings suggest wide distribution of stichaeids in the North-Western Pacific during the Miocene. The specimen from the deep-sea Bessho Formation of Honshu represents the first fossil record of pricklebacks of the subfamily Lumpeninae.

Materials to the lichen flora of Samurskiy Ridge (high mountainous Dagestan)

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 397-406
Author(s):  
A. B. Ismailov ◽  
G. P. Urbanavichus
Keyword(s):  
North Caucasus ◽  
Lichenicolous Fungi ◽  
Greater Caucasus ◽  
Altitudinal Range ◽  
The North ◽  
New Findings ◽  
Mountainous Landscapes ◽  
First Time ◽  
Lichen Flora

The lichens and lichenicolous fungi of high mountainous landscapes of Samurskiy Ridge were studied in altitudinal range 2400–3770 m a. s. l. for the first time and 112 species are recorded. Among them 33 species, 10 genera (Arthrorhaphis, Baeomyces, Calvitimela, Epilichen, Lambiella, Psorinia, Rufoplaca, Sagedia, Sporastatia, Tremolecia) and 4 families (Anamylopsoraceae, Arthrorhaphidaceae, Baeomycetaceae, Hymeneliaceae) are new for Dagestan, six species (Buellia uberior, Carbonea atronivea, Lecanora atrosulphurea, Lecidea fuliginosa, L. swartzioidea, Rhizoplaca subdiscrepans) are reported for the first time for the Greater Caucasus and two species (Acarospora subpruinata and Rhizocarpon postumum) — for the North Caucasus. Most of the new findings were collected from 3500–3770 m a. s. l.

Healthcare System in the Arctic Zone of Russia. Known and Emerging Issues and Solutions to Them

2019 ◽  
pp. 3-20
Author(s):  
V.N. Leksin
Keyword(s):  
Metallurgical Industry ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Russian Arctic ◽  
Arctic Zone ◽  
Shift Workers ◽  
The North ◽  
Medical Institutions ◽  
Emerging Issues ◽  
The Impact

The impact on healthcare organization on the territory of Russian Arctic of unique natural and climatic, demographic, ethnic, settlement and professional factors of influencing the health of population, constantly or temporarily living on this territory is studied. The necessity is substantiated of various forms and resource provision with healthcare services such real and potential patients of Arctic medical institutions, as representatives of indigenous small peoples of the North, workers of mining and metallurgical industry, military personnel, sailors and shift workers. In this connection a correction of a number of All-Russian normative acts is proposed.

New Findings on Scrophularia sect. Mimulopsis (Scrophulariaceae) from Iran

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 238-247
Author(s):  
Massoud Ranjbar ◽  
Narges Rahchamani
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Pollen Morphology ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Northern Iran ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
New Findings ◽  
Tehran Province ◽  
Micromorphological Characters ◽  
A New Species

Scrophularia dianatnejadii Ranjbar & Rahchamani, a new species from Tehran Province in northern Iran, is described and illustrated. It is closely related to S. amplexicaulis Benth. and shares with it some diagnostic morphological characters such as habit, plant indument, phyllotaxy, and corolla shape and color. Both species are placed in Scrophularia L. sect. Mimulopsis Boiss. Macro- and micromorphological characters of the two are examined and compared. Pollen morphology of these species is investigated using SEM. Detailed descriptions, illustrations, distribution maps, and conservation status of both species are provided.

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