scholarly journals The design of radiology viewing box using light emitting diode and potentiometer

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Anak Agung Aris Diartama ◽  
Susy Suswaty ◽  
Win Priantoro ◽  
Sugiyanto Sugiyanto ◽  
Sudiyono Sudiyono ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Applied Research ◽  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
A Value ◽  
The Mean

Background: In the process of work to gain the maximum results, a radiologist needs a viewing box tool to read radiographs. Therefore, the authors want to develop a viewing box tool, which in general the work if this tool resembles the factory manufactured tool. The viewing tool box made can adjust the intensity of the light produced.Objective: to create a viewing box tool by using a potentiometer system.Methods: This study used applied research method by creating and using the design of viewing box tool by using a potentiometer system and testing the viewing box tool created by using a Lux meter and 15 respondents consisting of five radiologists and 10 radiographers who should fulfill the questionnaire form.Results: The mean of viewing box illumination reached 220 lux. The results of the questionnaire showed that 100% radiologist gave an A (excellent) and expressed that the viewing box tool created could be used properly and 90% radiographers provided an A (excellent) and expressed that the viewing box tool created could be used properly, while 10% radiographer gave a value of B (moderate).Conclusion: viewing box tool created could be used properly and obtained optimal results as a tool in reading radiographs. Potentiometer system contained in the viewing box was very helpful in reading radiographs because it allowed to adjust the light intensity according to user needs.Keywords       :  Viewing box, Potentiometer Bibliography   : 1980-2011

scholarly journals Design of a Secondary Freeform Lens of UV LED Mosquito-Trapping Lamp for Enhancing Trapping Efficiency

Crystals ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei-Hsiung Tseng ◽  
Diana Juan ◽  
Wei-Cheng Hsiao ◽  
Cheng-Han Chan ◽  
Hsin-Yi Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Intensity Distribution ◽  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
Trapping Efficiency ◽  
Axially Symmetric ◽  
Light Intensity Distribution ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Led Light ◽  
Uv Led ◽  
Freeform Lens

In this study, our proposed ultraviolet light-emitting diode (UV LED) mosquito-trapping lamp is designed to control diseases brought by insects such as mosquitoes. In order to enable the device to efficiently catch mosquitoes in a wider area, a secondary freeform lens (SFL) is designed for UV LED. The lens is mounted on a 3 W UV LED light bar as a mosquito-trapping lamp of the new UV LED light bar module to achieve axially symmetric light intensity distribution. The special SFL is used to enhance the trapping capabilities of the mosquito-trapping lamp. The results show that when the secondary freeform surface lens is applied to the experimental outdoor UV LED mosquito-trapping lamp, the trapping range can be expanded to 100π·m2 and the captured mosquitoes increased by about 300%.

Temporal and spatial characteristics of tonically active neurons of the primate's striatum

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 1234-1252 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Aosaki ◽  
M. Kimura ◽  
A. M. Graybiel
Keyword(s):  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
Temporal Analysis ◽  
Tonic Firing ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Macaque Monkeys ◽  
Tonically Active Neurons ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Temporal And Spatial Characteristics ◽  
Conditioning Stimuli ◽  
Visual Light

1. Tonically active neurons (TANs) in the primate striatum develop transient responses to sensory conditioning stimuli during behavioral training in classical conditioning tasks. In this study we examined the temporal characteristics of such TAN responses and mapped the sites of TANs responding to auditory and visual conditioned stimuli in the striatum in macaque monkeys. We further mapped the locations of TANs recorded acutely in the squirrel monkey striatum in relation to the neurochemically distinguished striosome and matrix compartments of the striatum, and made quantitative comparisons between the densities and compartmental distributions of TANs and those of four major types of striatal interneuron identified by histochemical and immunohistochemical staining. 2. We made recordings from 858 TANs at different sites in the striatum in two behaving macaque monkeys at different times during training with auditory (click) and visual (light-emitting diode flash) conditioning stimuli. TANs distributed across large parts of the striatum developed responses to the conditioning stimuli. The responses comprised a decrement of tonic firing (pause) followed by a rebound excitation. Measurements were made of the onsets, offsets, and durations of the pauses of individual TANs and of the interspike intervals (ISIs) of the same cells. 3. The mean duration of the pause responses (268.3 ms) was greater than the mean ISI of the same neurons (181 ms), suggesting that the pause represents an active suppression of TAN firing. The coefficient of variation (CV) for the pause responses was 0.28, compared with a CV of 0.63 for the same cells' ISIs. The population CV for the pauses was 0.16, compared with a population CV of 0.20 for the ISIs. These data, together with temporal analysis of the responses and population histograms, suggest that the pauses became temporally aligned across large parts of the striatum after learning. Analyses of variance (ANOVAs) were carried out to determine whether there were differences in the onset and offset latencies of the pause response or in the durations of the pause responses for TANs at different sites. These analyses suggested that, with rare exceptions, there was no difference in the timing of the TAN responses across large (> 10 mm3) parts of the striatum. 4. Comparisons of TAN responses in different regions of the striatum showed that, for responses to a given modality of conditioned stimulus, there were no significant differences in pause offset times for TANs recorded in the caudate nucleus or putamen, or for TANs recorded in more anterior or more posterior parts of these nuclei.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

scholarly journals Effects of dimming light-emitting diode street lights on light-opportunistic and light-averse bats in suburban habitats

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 180205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth G. Rowse ◽  
Stephen Harris ◽  
Gareth Jones
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Biodiversity Conservation ◽  
Management System ◽  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Ecological Benefits ◽  
Carbon Footprints ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Central Management

Emerging lighting technologies provide opportunities for reducing carbon footprints, and for biodiversity conservation. In addition to installing light-emitting diode street lights, many local authorities are also dimming street lights. This might benefit light-averse bat species by creating dark refuges for these bats to forage and commute in human-dominated habitats. We conducted a field experiment to determine how light intensity affects the activity of the light-opportunistic Pipistrellus pipistrellus and light-averse bats in the genus Myotis. We used four lighting levels controlled under a central management system at existing street lights in a suburban environment (0, 25, 50 and 100% of the original output). Higher light intensities (50 and 100% of original output) increased the activity of light-opportunistic species but reduced the activity of light-averse bats. Compared to the unlit treatment, the 25% lighting level did not significantly affect either P. pipistrellus or Myotis spp. Our results suggest that it is possible to achieve a light intensity that provides both economic and ecological benefits by providing sufficient light for human requirements while not deterring light-averse bats.

Anti-Glare Device for Car Based on Single Chip Microcomputer

2013 ◽  
Vol 706-708 ◽  
pp. 1124-1127
Author(s):  
Hai Xia Li
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
Lamp Method ◽  
Single Chip ◽  
Single Chip Microcomputer ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
High Beam ◽  
The Core

Because the car headlamp light intensity is too large and it leads to accidents, This paper is based on the initiative to reduce the light intensity of their vehicles according headlights glare or close the high beam and open the lamp method, to achieve the purpose of the glare. The system is AT89C51 microcontroller as the core control, use of photodiode sensor to induction opposite the car headlights light intensity , when opposite car headlights light intensity up to a certain value, photodiode get a signal to the microcontroller ,and then microcontroller sends a signal, to control buzzer sound or not. When the buzzer sounded, using DAC0832 chip to control the brightness of the light emitting diode or control the light on and off and low beam enabled. When enabled for dipped beam, has been more than the antiglare range; after the scope enabled high beam, in order to achieve the anti-dazzle cycle. Through practice, the system has reached the anti-dazzle purpose and has practical value .

scholarly journals THE ANALYSIS OF STUDENT’S WRITTEN COMMUNICATION SKILLS IN SCIENCE LEARNING BASED ON GENDER IN THE MIDDLE SCHOOL IN SOUTH TANGERANG REGION

EDUSAINS ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-254
Author(s):  
Hariyanto Hariyanto ◽  
S Yamtinah ◽  
Sukarmin Sukarmin ◽  
Sulistyo Saputro ◽  
L Mahardiani
Keyword(s):  
Communication Skills ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Science Learning ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Written Communication ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
A Value ◽  
The Mean

ANALISIS KETERAMPILAN KOMUNIKASI TERTULIS SISWA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN ILMU PENGETAHUAN ALAM (IPA) BERDASARKAN GENDER DI SEKOLAH MENENGAH DI WILAYAH TANGERANG SELATAN AbstrakKeterampilan komunikasi tulisan merupakan keterampilan yang sangat penting didalam era globalisasi dan termasuk kedalam salah satu keterampilan belajar abad 21 yang harus diberdayakan dalam pembelajaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk komunikasi tulisan peserta didik secara real di sekolah berdasarkan gender. Subjek dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 186 orang dengan rincian 88 orang laki-laki dan 98 orang perempuan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian deskriptif kuatitatif. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan berupa lembar observasi dan pedoman wawancara. Data yang didapatkan kemudian dianalisis secara kuantitatif sehingga didapatkan nilai keterampilan komunikasi peserta didik. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan tidak terdapat perbedaan yang terlalu besar antara nilai keterampilan komunikasi tulisan peserta didik laki-laki dan perempuan. Masing-masing gender(laki-laki dan perempuan) mendapatkan rata-rata nilai 1,44 dan 1,45, namun keduanya masih masuk kedalam kategori nilai huruf D+. Nilai keterampilan komunikasi tulisan peserta didik masih relative rendah dengan nilai rata-rata 1,44 (D+). Hasil ini masih jauh dibawah standar pemerintah dalam Permendikbud No. 104 tahun 2014 yaitu 2,67 (B-) untuk aspek keterampilan. Hal tersebut mengindikasikan perlu ditingkatkannya pelatihan keterampilan komunikasi didalam pembelajaran.AbstractWritten communication skills are essential for the globalization era, and it is one of the 21st-century skills that must be empowered in learning. This study aimed to determine the profile of learners’ written communication skills in real terms by gender. The subjects in this study were 186 students, consisted of 88 male and 98 female students in detail. The method used in this research was a descriptive-quantitative research method. The research instrument used was an observation sheet and the form of an interview. The data obtained were then analyzed quantitatively so that the value of the students’ communication skills was appropriately obtained. The results of the study had found that there were not too differences in the mean values of male and female written communication skills. Each of them got an average score of 1.44 and 1.45, but both are still in the D+ category of value. The value of the students’ written communication skills was still relatively low, with a value of 1.44, interpreted as a D+ category. The results were far below government standards as regulated in the Minister of Education and Culture No. 104 of 2014, which is equal to 2.67 (B-). Further study is needed to improve training in students’ written communication skills in learning. 

Battery Charge Affects the Stability of Light Intensity from Light-emitting Diode Light-curing Units

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 497-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Tongtaksin ◽  
C Leevailoj
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
Resin Composite ◽  
Bottom Surface ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Led Light ◽  
Battery Charge ◽  
Light Intensities ◽  
Light Curing ◽  
The Stability

SUMMARY This study investigated the influence of battery charge levels on the stability of light-emitting diode (LED) curing-light intensity by measuring the intensity from fully charged through fully discharged batteries. The microhardness of resin composites polymerized by the light-curing units at various battery charge levels was measured. The light intensities of seven fully charged battery LED light-curing units—1) LY-A180, 2) Bluephase, 3) Woodpecker, 4) Demi Plus, 5) Saab II, 6) Elipar S10, and 7) MiniLED—were measured with a radiometer (Kerr) after every 10 uses (20 seconds per use) until the battery was discharged. Ten 2-mm-thick cylindrical specimens of A3 shade nanofilled resin composite (PREMISE, Kerr) were prepared per LED light-curing unit group. Each specimen was irradiated by the fully charged light-curing unit for 20 seconds. The LED light-curing units were then used until the battery charge fell to 50%. Specimens were prepared again as described above. This was repeated again when the light-curing units' battery charge fell to 25% and when the light intensity had decreased to 400 mW/cm2. The top/bottom surface Knoop hardness ratios of the specimens were determined. The microhardness data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance with Tukey test at a significance level of 0.05. The Pearson correlation coefficient was used to determine significant correlations between surface hardness and light intensity. We found that the light intensities of the Bluephase, Demi Plus, and Elipar S10 units were stable. The intensity of the MiniLED unit decreased slightly; however, it remained above 400 mW/cm2. In contrast, the intensities of the LY-A180, Woodpecker, and Saab II units decreased below 400 mW/cm2. There was also a significant decrease in the surface microhardnesses of the resin composite specimens treated with MiniLED, LY-A180, Woodpecker, and Saab II. In conclusion, the light intensity of several LED light-curing units decreased as the battery was discharged, with a coincident reduction in the units' ability to polymerize resin composite. Therefore, the intensity of an LED light-curing unit should be evaluated during the life of its battery charge to ensure that sufficient light intensity is being generated.

scholarly journals Comparison of light emitting diode and compact fluorescent lamp phototherapy in treatment of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maharoof M.K. ◽  
Shamshad Ahmed Khan ◽  
Prakash Robert Saldanha ◽  
Reshad Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Age ◽  
Serum Bilirubin ◽  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia ◽  
Total Serum Bilirubin ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Fluorescent Lamp ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Compact Fluorescent Lamp

Background: High levels of total serum bilirubin can cause life threatening complications in neonates requiring management either with phototherapy or exchange blood transfusion. Most commonly used modality of phototherapy is with blue light. There are many bulbs like fluorescent tubes, halogen spotlights etc. Due to disadvantages of the available bulbs, newer method like light-emitting diodes (LEDs) has been investigated as possible alternatives as they produce low heat, has a longer life span with lower energy consumption and rapid reduction of serum bilirubin level. The aim was to compare the efficacy between phototherapy equipped with light emitting diode (LED) to compact fluorescent lamp (CFL) in the treatment of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia among neonates.Methods: A hospital-based intervention study was conducted among 50 neonates born in the hospital during the study period, with gestational age more than equal to 35 weeks, being breastfed and healthy in a private medical college teaching hospital in Dakshina Kannada district from August to September 2016.  Following ethical committee clearance the neonates looking icteric by clinical examination were randomly allocated to receive CFL or LED phototherapy. Baseline, 24 hour total serum bilirubin and rectal temperature was measured.  Results: A total of 50 neonates were randomly allocated into two groups with almost similar characteristics between the two groups with respect to gender, type of delivery and gestational age. The mean bilirubin values (in mg/dl) among neonates in the CFL group and LED group were 14.8 and 15.6 respectively and post 24 hour values were 11.54 and 10.68 respectively. The mean difference in the reduction in the bilirubin values before and after receiving phototherapy between the two groups were significant (p <0.001). The increase in temperature was lesser among LED treatment group.Conclusions: LED therapy is better than the CFL therapy in terms of mean reduction in the total serum bilirubin after a fixed duration of time and lesser raise in temperature among the neonates.  

High-Performance Structure of Light-Emitting Diode for GaAs on Si Tetsuroh Minemura

1991 ◽  
Vol 240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junko Asano ◽  
Yoshiaki Yazawa
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
Gaas Layer ◽  
Continuous Operation ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Si Substrates ◽  
Gaas On Si ◽  
Performance Structure

ABSTRACTThe Light-emitting diode (LED) structures have been investigated to realize high-performance LEDs on Si substrates. The light intensity of the LEDs with p-GaAs / n-GaAs / Si structures, which was effected from thickness of the p-GaAs layer, was only about 55% of the homoepitaxialLED. The light intensity of the LED with an n-GaAs/p-GaAs/Si structure, however, was about four times stronger than those of p-GaAs/n-GaAs/Si structures. After continuous operation for two hours, the intensity still kept much stronger than those of the LEDs with p-GaAs / n-GaAs / Si structures, although it decreased to 15% of the homoepitaxial LED.

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