scholarly journals Urban Water Quality Scenario by using Geospatial Engineering

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 200-205
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Open Water ◽  
Future Generation ◽  
Capital Region ◽  
Urban Sewage ◽  
Urban Water Quality

In the world scenario the contamination of water due to the various reasons is one of the major problems in the urban and semi-urban areas which have both positive and negative impact on the existed environment and also on the quality of human life. The developing activities taking place in and around the urban areas covers soil with concrete which leads to reduced soil recharge capacity at one side and the other side releasing of untreated urban sewage in to nearby open water bodies without any concern became most practicing method in most of the urban areas. The new capital region of Andhra Pradesh is selected as study area which is rapidly developing with commercial and residential built-up area. Due to which the pressure on groundwater is increased rapidly with respect to its quality and the quantity to meet the requirement of the living as well as migrating people from all the corners to the newly developing capital region. If the similar situation continues there will be a severe and irreparable damage to the availability of groundwater for the future generation and also there will be a notable reduction in the living standards of urban people. The present study examines groundwater and surface water quality and compared with water quality standards to determine the status of water quality at study area. A total three samples were collected for three times in three consecutive months of study period and analyzed by using standard analytical procedures.Geo spatial technology was adopted to represent the statistical data of water quality in the form of GIS maps for more accuracy to identify the periodical changes in water quality at study area

scholarly journals Statistical Modelling of Groundwater for Environmental Sustainbilty

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 461-464
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Future Generation ◽  
Statistical Modelling ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Water Sampling ◽  
Water Quality Standards ◽  
Open Ground

In the worldwide calculations groundwater of urban areas has been depleting very rapidly by leaving its huge scarcity for the upcoming future generation due to uncontrolled and unpredictable census year by year along with migrations from rural to urban areas, at the other face the available groundwater is becoming polluted due to the unscientific handling like over lifting of water years together from one particular point which caused intrusion of pollutants in to the underground aquifers along with releasing of chemicals and other pollutant substances on the open ground as well as in to the nearby water bodies are the prime reasons for groundwater contamination. Modeling of groundwater with respect to its quality along with the quantity is an immediate need to be taken why because groundwater plays vital role and very important component to meet the total requirement of water lifting from the underground aquifers for both domestic and agricultural needs. By lifting water from the same point there is a possibility for deteriorating of water content in that aquifer and it may leads to permanent destruction of water quality in that respective aquifer, to overcome these consequences the modeling technique where withdraw of water will be regulated along with injection of water into the aquifer can be adopted. In the present study we have identified ten sampling localities from Guntur municipal corporation, Andhra Pradesh, India by considering severe problems associated with groundwater in both quality and quantity point of view, in all the locations five sub locations were identified for water sampling. Samples were collected for three times from the bore wells and hand pumps, average of three times analysis was considered as final values. Analysis was done by using standard analytical methods. The results were compared with IS 10500 -2012 drinking water quality standards to get the scenario of water quality.

scholarly journals Application of fuzzy logic in river water quality modelling for analysis of industrialization and climate change impact on Sabarmati river

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anant Patel ◽  
Karishma Chitnis
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Water Quality Model ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
Water Quality Data ◽  
Sabarmati River

Abstract Rivers are critical to human life because they are strategically significant in the world, providing primary water supplies for various purposes. Rivers are the prime importance of any country as most of the cities are settled near the river. Due to developmental activities and increase in population, it will results into huge waste generation. Surface water quality is affected because of increasing urbanization and industrialization. The aim of this research is to examine the effect of climate change and industrialization on the water quality of the Sabarmati river using a mathematical model. For this study four important town along the lower Sabarmati River have been considered and water quality data was considered from 2005 to 2015. In this study different water quality parameters were considered to derive water quality model. Results shows the water quality in downstream after Ahmedabad city is worst compare to the other location where the Maximum WQI is 0.71 at Rasikapur and average WQI is 0.50 for the same location for last 15 year. It has been observed that effect of monsoon and also by comparing time scale water quality model role of regulations for industrialization also plays important role in quality of Sabarmati river.

Hydrogeochemistry of Urban Wetlands of Delhi, India

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prerna Joshi ◽  
Neelam Siva Siddaiah
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Major Ions ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Sodium Absorption ◽  
Primary Concern ◽  
Urban Wetlands ◽  
Sodium Absorption Ratio

<p>Delhi, India’s capital is the second largest urban agglomeration in the world. It is expected to surpass Tokyo to become world’s largest city by 2028 with ~37 million inhabitants (UNDESA, 2018). This rapid growth is characterized by unsystematic urbanization, rapid shifts in its landuse patterns and tremendous pressure on the city’s natural resources. Among other forms of resource degradation, rapidly shrinking and stinking wetlands are of primary concern. Thus evidence-based policy making for their sustainable development and conservation require regular reporting and monitoring of their status.<br>Present study compares the hydrochemistry of two urban wetlands of Delhi (Sanjay lake and Bhalswa lake) having some crucial differences in their nature and catchment area activities. Surface water quality of these wetlands was studied for winter and summer with respect to their physico-chemical properties (temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, alkalinity and hardness) including major ions and trace metals employing standard analytical methods (APHA, 2005). Waters from both the wetlands are alkaline in nature. While pH of Sanjay lake shows a greater variation (7.9 to 10.8), that of Bhalswa lake is fairly constant (8.4 to 8.7), across the seasons. The wetland waters also vary seasonally in their chemistry. Differences in the nature and associated landuse of the wetlands is reflected in their water quality. Hydrogeochemistry of these wetlands were determined by Piper plot and Gibb’s diagram. While water from both the wetlands are Na<sup>+</sup>- SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2-</sup> type during summer, water from Bhalswa lake is Na<sup>+</sup>- SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2-</sup> type and that from Sanjay lake is Ca<sup>2+</sup>-Mg<sup>2+</sup>- SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2-</sup> type during winter. While water from Bhalswa lake shows an evaporation dominance regime, that from Sanjay lake show dominance of rock-water interaction. Water from both the wetlands are generally unsuitable for drinking purpose. While water from Bhalswa lake is unsuitable for irrigation as well, water from Sanjay lake is generally suitable as determined using various indices (% Na, Residual Sodium Carbonate, Sodium Absorption Ratio, etc.). Both the drinking and irrigational water quality of these wetlands deteriorate during summer. Factor analysis was also used to determine sources of pollution for the two wetlands during both winter and summer. Domestic sewage is observed to be a major source of pollution for both the wetlands. Thus, this study indicates that urban wetlands of Delhi are fast depleting in their health. In light of their importance as a significant urban water resource, a crucial ecological niche and an essential recreational spot for urban areas, there is an urgent need for positive interventions.</p>

scholarly journals Controls on surface water quality in the River Clyde catchment, Scotland, UK, with particular reference to chromium and lead

2017 ◽  
Vol 108 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 249-267
Author(s):  
J. M. Bearcock ◽  
P. L. Smedley ◽  
F. M. Fordyce ◽  
P. A. Everett ◽  
E. L. Ander
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Electrical Conductance ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Chromite Ore Processing Residue ◽  
Lowland Streams ◽  
Water Composition ◽  
Ore Processing ◽  
Water Ph

ABSTRACTThree collated geochemical surveys of surface water in the Clyde catchment have established the spatial variability in water composition, primarily under baseflow conditions. The waters are broadly pH-neutral to alkaline (maximum pH 8.7) in the lowlands, but mildly acidic in uplands on the catchment periphery. Electrical conductance is relatively high in lowland streams (maximum 8320μgL–1), with lower values in the uplands. Dissolved chromium (Cr; <0.05–971μgL–1) and lead (Pb; <0.05–19.4μgL–1) are of importance due to recognised pollution sources within the catchment. High aqueous Cr concentrations (>5μgL–1) are recorded in urban areas associated with the disposal of alkaline industrial chromite ore processing residue. Under such conditions, Cr probably occurs as Cr(VI). Numerous relatively high Pb values occur in the upland and urban areas. These are likely to be associated with a combination of soil reactions, diffuse pollution and contamination from Pb mineralisation/mining. Pb has a stronger correlation with water pH than with stream sediment Pb content, suggesting that pH has a greater control on Pb mobility than host-rock Pb. Exceedances of water-quality standards are <1% for both Cr and Pb across the catchment. Absolute exceedances are more extreme for Cr than for Pb, highlighting the scale of the Cr pollution problem for urban surface water within the catchment.

scholarly journals Drinking Water Quality Scenario at Kallam’s Green City, Ameenabad, Guntur District, Andhra Pradesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 2722-2725
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Future Generation ◽  
Drinking Water Quality ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
Current Scenario ◽  
Guntur District ◽  
Clean Air

Groundwater is the basic and prime component to be considered, as it is directly linked with the developmental activities of any area in the whole world. In the current scenario the availability of groundwater for future generation is biggest problematic question to be asked by every nation. In the actual scenario its availability is minimum and the dependency on groundwater is maximum to meet all the requirements of water demand and this situation has been continuing years long due to excessive and abnormal increments in the growth of population [6] and it becomes more worse especially in the developing countries as well as in the urban areas [8], at one side the population is increasing and at the same time the availability of natural resources like soil, clean air and portable water keep on polluting due to the natural activities like floods, droughts etc apart from manmade activities in order to improving living standards. Water in the aquifers of earth crust depends on the soil porosity, pore size and the geological conditions [10] with respect to the holding capacity of water, even though groundwater is the source to consider as one of the rechargeable resource but it is completely depends on the measures to adopt for recharging such as recharging pits and the average rainfall of that particular area. In this study all the parameters of IS drinking water quality standards 10500 – 2012 are examined for the collected groundwater samples of three cycles and the average values of three cycles were considered as final results. The results were compared to find out the existed water quality scenario at the study area.

scholarly journals POLLUTANT LOAD OF DETERGENTS IN TAMBAK WEDI URBAN VILLAGE, KENJERAN SUBDISTRICT, SURABAYA CITY IN 2014

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edza Aria Wikurendra
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Pollutant Load ◽  
Environment And Health ◽  
Cleaning Agents ◽  
Metal Poisoning ◽  
Treatment Equipment

The increasing use of detergents as cleaning agents in the community potentially result in pollution of the water environment, this is supported by the quality of the well water having a high mineral hardness. When cleaning agents flow into waters through the river, it had a negative impact on the environment and health. The results showed that pollutant loads actually came from the use of detergent in 55 households at 0,323 mg/lt/month or 5,924 mg/day, while the standard maximum pollutant load of detergent waste at 0,0016 mg/lt/month or 0,0292 mg/day. The results concluded that the pollutant load value in this research was higher than maximum pollutant load value, suggesting that pollutant load of detergent waste provided high contribution to pollution of the land and waters in such area, thereby the surface water quality decreased ground water quality, incidence of some disease such as diarrhea, heavy metal poisoning and skin disease. Therefore, it is recommended that households use environment-friendly detergents because it is easier to biodegrade. They should make simple domestic waste treatment equipment using biofilter technique.

scholarly journals Surface Water Quality in Peri-Urban Areas in Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania: The Case Of Ng'ombe River

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-32
Author(s):  
M.P. Malale ◽  
Subira Munishi
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Dar Es Salaam

scholarly journals Quality level of surface water at the control points of the western bug river (Lviv region)

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 125-133
Author(s):  
Zoryana Оdnorih ◽  
◽  
Roman Manko ◽  
Мyroslav Malovanyy ◽  
Christina Soloviy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Quality Level ◽  
Control Points ◽  
Control Units ◽  
Basin Water

The article analyzes the negative impact of enterprises and public utilities on the surface water quality of the Western Bug River basin (within the Lviv region). The dynamics of changes of indicators of the main pollutants at six control points (2016-2018) and the assessment of surface water quality for 2018 are presented. It is proposed to replace the control units on the Western Bug River and its tributaries in order to obtain more accurate information and improve the work on the basin water management.

scholarly journals BEBAN PENCEMARAN DETERJEN KELURAHAN TAMBAK WEDI KECAMATAN KENJERAN KOTA SURABAYA

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Edza Aria Wikurendra ◽  
Iva Rustanti ◽  
A. T Diana Nerawati
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Pollutant Load ◽  
Cleaning Agents ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Metal Poisoning ◽  
Treatment Equipment

The increasing use of detergents as cleaning agents in the community potentially results in thepollution of the water bodies, this condition worsened by the quality of water from wells having a highmineral hardness. When cleaning agents flow into the rivers, it induces negative impact on theenvironment and eventually upon health. Resultsof the observation showed that pollutant loads that camefrom the use of detergent in 55 households was at 0.323 mgjltjmonth or 5,924 mgjday, while thestandard maximum pollutant load of detergent waste is 0.0016 mgjltjmonth or 0.0292 mgjday. The studyconcluded that the pollutant load value was higher than the maximum pollutant load value, suggestingthat pollutant load of detergent waste provided high contribution to pollution of the land and waters in thearea, thereby diminishing the surface water quality as well as ground water quality, marked by incidencesof diseasessuch as diarrhea, heavy metal poisoning and skin diseases.Therefore, it is recommended thathouseholds should use environment-friendly detergents because of its biodegradable properties. They areencouraged to make simple domestic waste treatment equipment using biofilter technique

scholarly journals Quality Characterization of Surface Water Sources Using Water Quality Index in Urban Areas of Solan District of Himachal Pradesh

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Jyotsana Pandit ◽  
S. K. Bhardwaj
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Quality Index ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure

The studies of surface water quality of urban areas has become a major environmental challenge. In effect these aquatic ecosystems are increasingly under strong anthropogenic pressure. This fact causes the deteriorations of their quality and biodiversity. That seems the cases of the surface water of Solan District. Known the importance of these ecosystems in socio-economic activities of this district, it is important to lead studies for water qualities assessment. So, the surface water quality of urban areas of Solan District was assessed using the water quality index (WQI).To realize this objective, water samples were collected from five urban areas (Arki, Baddi, Nalagarh, Parwanoo, Solan) during the summer and winter seasons and were analyzed for major physicochemical parameters, viz. pH, EC, turbidity, TDS, BOD, COD, DO,As, Cr, Zn, Pb, Cd, to determine its suitability for drinking and domestic purposes. In surface water pH, EC, turbidity, TDS, BOD, COD, DO were found in the range of 6.74-7.55, 0.294-0.506 dS m-1,3.71-7.79 NTU, 105.51-253.26 mg l-1, 1.51-3.14 mg l-1,101.79-166.88 mg l-1, 4.16-6.58 mg l-1 consequently. Trace elements Pb, Cr, Zn, As, Cd, were found in the range of 0.04-0.28 mg l-1, 0.034-0.063 mg l-1, 0.22-0.46 mg l-1, 0.004-0.020 mg l-1 and 0.002-0.008 mg l-1 respectively. All water quality parameters except Pb, Cr, Cd were within the permissible limits. Out of all urban areas WQI of Arki (33) and Solan (46) was categorized as good. Whereas WQI of Parwanoo, Baddi and Nalagarh was 69, 62, 57 respectively and was categorized as poor, indicating negative impacts o urbanization and industrialization. The study indicated that urbanization in the district has started impacting surface water sources, therefore bregular quality monitoring is required and for sustainable urbanization the implementation of stringent rules and guidelines are needed to enhance health and preserve them for future generations.

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