scholarly journals Knee-Jerk Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) Machine

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 1514-1517 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Brain Death ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Knee Jerk ◽  
Neurological Problem ◽  
Arduino Microcontroller ◽  
The Cost

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation method is used to save more number of peoples from the neurological problem. In this case, the neurological problem denotes brain death. This brain death is mainly caused due to cardiac arrest and happen within 4 to 5 minutes. To avoid this problem we go for cardiopulmonary resuscitation method. It will be helpful to relieve the patient from cardiac arrest. The manual CPR is not that much efficient when compared to automatic CPR because, the experts who are giving CPR to the patient are cannot able to give the continuous CPR to the patient but, the automatic CPR machine is able to give the continuous CPR to the patient. The article reviews such kind of automatic devices. The automatic CPR machine already exists. But, the cost of that machine is high. So we intended to design the low cost CPR machine. This is achieved by replacing the component like Arduino microcontroller and solenoid lock. The replaced component also do the same work like in the high cost CPR machine

Stress and distress: the art and science of dispatcher’s assisted cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Régine Zandona ◽  
Aline Gillet ◽  
Céline Stassart ◽  
Laura Nothelier ◽  
Anne-Sophie Delfosse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Psychological Burden ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Chain Of Survival ◽  
Bystander Cpr ◽  
The Cost

<p>Chances of survival following a cardiac arrest are very low and inversely proportional to the duration of cardiovascular arrest. It is of critical importance to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) as soon as possible, even before the arrival of emergency medical team (EMT) on the scene. Therefore, early bystander CPR is a key factor in improving survival from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OOH-CA). In Belgium, the ALERT algorithm (Algorithme Liégeois d’Encadrement à la Réanimation par Téléphone<a title="" href="#_ftn1">[1]</a> offers the opportunity to help bystanders perform CPR. Dispatchers’ assisted telephone CPR has introduced a new link in the chain of survival, that contributes to a reduced OOH-CA mortality rate but at the cost of increased responsibilities and stress. ALERT also gives a new role to bystanders; they are no longer just spectators but become actors when they witness a cardiac arrest. Our team was interested in the psychological burden of ALERT. Therefore, we evaluated the effects of CPR performed by untrained persons. We studied the potential influence of different coping strategies on this impact, as well as the possible correlation with the degree of attachment to the victim and the risk of developing PTSD (Post Traumatic Stress Disorder). We noticed that some psychological negative impact on the bystanders could be recognized. We also identified beneficial and detrimental coping strategies.  In the future, we wonder if Video-CPR (V-CPR) might improve the quality of resuscitation.</p><div><br clear="all" /><hr align="left" size="1" width="33%" /><div><p><a title="" href="#_ftnref1">[1]</a> Algorithm for CPR guidance over the phone originating from Liege, Belgium</p></div></div>

Resuscitation and Extracorporeal Life Support during Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation following the Norwood (Stage 1) operation

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (S2) ◽  
pp. 101-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heidi J. Dalton ◽  
Dawn Tucker
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Extracorporeal Life Support ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Outcomes ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Support ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
Stage 1 ◽  
The Cost

AbstractThe success of extracorporeal support in providing cardiopulmonary support for a variety of patients has led to use of Extracorporeal Life Support, also known as ECLS, as a rescue for patients failing conventional resuscitation. The use of Extracorporeal Life Support in circumstances of cardiac arrest has come to be termed “Extracorporeal Life Support during Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation” or “ECPR”. Although Extracorporeal Life Support during Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation was originally described in patients following repair of congenital cardiac defects who suffered a sudden arrest, it has now been used in a variety of circumstances for patients both with and without primary cardiac disease. Multiple centres have reported successful use of Extracorporeal Life Support during Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in adults and children. However, because of the cost, the complexity of the technique, and the resources required, Extracorporeal Life Support during Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation is not offered in all centres for paediatric patients with refractory cardiac arrest. The increasing success and availability of Extracorporeal Life Support during Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in post-operative cardiac patients, coupled with the fact that patients undergoing the Norwood (Stage 1) operation can have rapid, unpredictable cardiac deterioration and arrest, has led to a steady increase in the use of Extracorporeal Life Support during Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in this population. For Extracorporeal Life Support during Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation to be most successful, it must be deployed rapidly while the patient is undergoing excellent cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Early activation of the team that will perform cannulation could possibly shorten the duration of cardiopulmonary resuscitation and might improve survival and outcome. More research needs to be done to refine the populations and circumstances that offer the best outcome with Extracorporeal Life Support during Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation, to evaluate the ratios of cost to benefit, and establish the long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes in survivors.

Abstract 174: Cost-Utility Analysis of Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in Patients With Cardiac Arrest

Circulation ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 138 (Suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Murtaza Bharmal ◽  
Joseph Venturini ◽  
Rhys Chua ◽  
Willard Sharp ◽  
David Beiser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cost Utility ◽  
Health Utilities Index ◽  
Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Health Utilities ◽  
Definitive Therapy ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Cost

Introduction: Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) provides cardiac and respiratory support and serves as a bridge to definitive therapy or to recovery. However, ECPR is resource intensive and evidence of clear survival benefit is lacking. In this study, we investigated the cost-utility of ECPR (cost/QALY) in cardiac arrest patients treated at our institution. Methods: We performed a retrospective review of ECPR patients who suffered cardiac arrest at our institution between 2012 and 2017. Charges for all medical care associated with ECPR and subsequent hospital care were recorded, including direct costs, indirect costs, operating costs and payer charges. The quality-of-life status of survivors was assessed with the Health Utilities Index Mark II. Results: ECPR was instituted in 24 patients (54% in-hospital [13 of 24]), mean age 49.8 ± 17.3 years, 71% male (17 of 24), and 58% African American (14 of 24). The mean and median duration of ECMO support was 3.2 and 2.7 days, respectively. The mean and median of total length of stay was 13.4 and 7.5 days, respectively. Survival to hospital discharge and 1-year survival were 17% (4 of 24) and 13% (3 of 23), respectively. The mean score of the Health Utilities Index Mark II at discharge for the survivors was 0.53 ± 0.23 (range, 0.32-0.84). The average operating cost for patients undergoing ECMO was $188,197 per patient. The calculated cost-utility for ECPR was $59,449/QALY gained. Conclusions: The calculated cost-utility for ECPR is within the threshold considered cost-effective in the United States (<$100,000/QALY gained). These results are comparable to the cost-effectiveness of orthotopic heart transplantation for end-stage heart failure. Larger studies are needed to assess the cost-utility of ECPR and to identify whether other factors, such as patient characteristics and type of cannula, may affect the cost-utility benefit.

Advance Protection for Three Phase Induction Motor using Microcontroller Atmega32

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 172
Author(s):  
Karan S Belsare ◽  
Gajanan D Patil
Keyword(s):  
Induction Motor ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Cost Factor ◽  
Protection Scheme ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
The Cost

A low cost and reliable protection scheme has been designed for a three phase induction motor against unbalance voltages, under voltage, over voltage, short circuit and overheating protection. Taking the cost factor into consideration the design has been proposed using microcontroller Atmega32, MOSFETs, relays, small CTs and PTs. However the sensitivity of the protection scheme has been not compromised. The design has been tested online in the laboratory for small motors and the same can be implemented for larger motors by replacing the i-v converters and relays of suitable ratings.

Janus – A New Approach to Air Combat Pilot Training

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (4) ◽  
pp. 7-22
Author(s):  
Georges Bridel ◽  
Zdobyslaw Goraj ◽  
Lukasz Kiszkowiak ◽  
Jean-Georges Brévot ◽  
Jean-Pierre Devaux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Training System ◽  
Embedded Sensors ◽  
Pilot Training ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Combat Aircraft ◽  
Air Combat ◽  
The Cost

Abstract Advanced jet training still relies on old concepts and solutions that are no longer efficient when considering the current and forthcoming changes in air combat. The cost of those old solutions to develop and maintain combat pilot skills are important, adding even more constraints to the training limitations. The requirement of having a trainer aircraft able to perform also light combat aircraft operational mission is adding unnecessary complexity and cost without any real operational advantages to air combat mission training. Thanks to emerging technologies, the JANUS project will study the feasibility of a brand-new concept of agile manoeuvrable training aircraft and an integrated training system, able to provide a live, virtual and constructive environment. The JANUS concept is based on a lightweight, low-cost, high energy aircraft associated to a ground based Integrated Training System providing simulated and emulated signals, simulated and real opponents, combined with real-time feedback on pilot’s physiological characteristics: traditionally embedded sensors are replaced with emulated signals, simulated opponents are proposed to the pilot, enabling out of sight engagement. JANUS is also providing new cost effective and more realistic solutions for “Red air aircraft” missions, organised in so-called “Aggressor Squadrons”.

scholarly journals Impact of cardiopulmonary resuscitation on a cannot intubate, cannot oxygenate condition: a randomised crossover simulation research study of the interaction between two algorithms

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. e030430
Author(s):  
Thomas Ott ◽  
Jascha Stracke ◽  
Susanna Sellin ◽  
Marc Kriege ◽  
Gerrit Toenges ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Research Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Simulated Patients ◽  
Stressful Situation ◽  
Simulation Research ◽  
Simulation Centre

ObjectivesDuring a ‘cannot intubate, cannot oxygenate’ situation, asphyxia can lead to cardiac arrest. In this stressful situation, two complex algorithms facilitate decision-making to save a patient’s life: difficult airway management and cardiopulmonary resuscitation. However, the extent to which competition between the two algorithms causes conflicts in the execution of pivotal treatment remains unknown. Due to the rare incidence of this situation and the very low feasibility of such an evaluation in clinical reality, we decided to perform a randomised crossover simulation research study. We propose that even experienced healthcare providers delay cricothyrotomy, a lifesaving approach, due to concurrent cardiopulmonary resuscitation in a ‘cannot intubate, cannot oxygenate’ situation.DesignDue to the rare incidence and dynamics of such a situation, we conducted a randomised crossover simulation research study.SettingWe collected data in our institutional simulation centre between November 2016 and November 2017.ParticipantsWe included 40 experienced staff anaesthesiologists at our tertiary university hospital centre.InterventionThe participants treated two simulated patients, both requiring cricothyrotomy: one patient required cardiopulmonary resuscitation due to asphyxia, and one patient did not require cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation was the intervention. Participants were evaluated by video records.Primary outcome measuresThe difference in ‘time to ventilation through cricothyrotomy’ between the two situations was the primary outcome measure.ResultsThe results of 40 participants were analysed. No carry-over effects were detected in the crossover design. During cardiopulmonary resuscitation, the median time to ventilation was 22 s (IQR 3–40.5) longer than that without cardiopulmonary resuscitation (p=0.028), including the decision-making time.ConclusionCricothyrotomy, which is the most crucial treatment for cardiac arrest in a ‘cannot intubate, cannot oxygenate’ situation, was delayed by concurrent cardiopulmonary resuscitation. If cardiopulmonary resuscitation delays cricothyrotomy, it should be interrupted to first focus on cricothyrotomy.

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