scholarly journals Digital Technologies of the European Union in Personal Data Protection

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 3600-3604
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Data Protection ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Private Life ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Personal Data Protection

The purpose of the article is to consider issues related to the legal protection of personal data in the European Union (EU). Based on a systematic approach and the method of comparative law, it is determined that the legal mechanisms of the EU most extensively regulate their scope, create a rigid framework for European and foreign companies and world corporations, and introduce independent regulatory authorities. This system of personal data protection is the most progressive at the moment. It is revealed that in the 20th-century mankind has experienced a rapid breakthrough of its development when the vector of technology progress was a reoriented towards information infrastructure, huge in its scale and universal coverage. Digital technologies led to the third industrial revolution, and they have entered into everyday life, both professional and domestic. Finally, the authors came to the conclusion that personal data protection rules are increasingly expanding. The world community has already realized the need to protect personal information, prevent its uncontrolled use, and the need to take sufficient measures to ensure the protection of information about the private life of everyone. Issues of cross-border transfer of personal data have become particularly important, and the trend towards the implementation of regulations on the personal data protection of an extraterritorial nature can be clearly seen

scholarly journals Data Sharing Under the General Data Protection Regulation

Hypertension ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 1029-1035
Author(s):  
Antonia Vlahou ◽  
Dara Hallinan ◽  
Rolf Apweiler ◽  
Angel Argiles ◽  
Joachim Beige ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Data Protection ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
The European Union ◽  
General Data Protection Regulation ◽  
Personal Data Protection ◽  
Protection Legislation ◽  
General Data ◽  
Almost All

The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) became binding law in the European Union Member States in 2018, as a step toward harmonizing personal data protection legislation in the European Union. The Regulation governs almost all types of personal data processing, hence, also, those pertaining to biomedical research. The purpose of this article is to highlight the main practical issues related to data and biological sample sharing that biomedical researchers face regularly, and to specify how these are addressed in the context of GDPR, after consulting with ethics/legal experts. We identify areas in which clarifications of the GDPR are needed, particularly those related to consent requirements by study participants. Amendments should target the following: (1) restricting exceptions based on national laws and increasing harmonization, (2) confirming the concept of broad consent, and (3) defining a roadmap for secondary use of data. These changes will be achieved by acknowledged learned societies in the field taking the lead in preparing a document giving guidance for the optimal interpretation of the GDPR, which will be finalized following a period of commenting by a broad multistakeholder audience. In parallel, promoting engagement and education of the public in the relevant issues (such as different consent types or residual risk for re-identification), on both local/national and international levels, is considered critical for advancement. We hope that this article will open this broad discussion involving all major stakeholders, toward optimizing the GDPR and allowing a harmonized transnational research approach.

scholarly journals Adataink biztonságban - adatainkban a biztonság?

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Endre Győző Szabó ◽  
Balázs Révész
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Data Security ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
The Other ◽  
Legal Regulations ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Privacy And Security ◽  
Personal Data Protection ◽  
Common Field

A magánélet és a biztonság népszerű ellentétpárként tűnhet fel az adatvédelmi gondolkodásban. Leegyszerűsítve olvashatjuk sokszor, hogy ha bizonyos feltételek hiányoznak, aránytalanul nagy áldozatot hozhatunk a személyes magánszféra, a privacy oldalán a biztonság érdekében, és magánszféránk túlzott feláldozása a biztonság oltárán visszafordíthatatlan folyamathoz és orwelli világhoz vezet. Más, a biztonság szempontjait mindenek felettinek hirdető érvelésben viszont a személyes adatok védelmére való hivatkozást alkotmányjogi bűvészkedésnek csúfolják és igyekeznek kisebbíteni a magánszféra-védelem egyébként méltányolandó értékeit. A magánélet és a személyes adatok védelmének pedig nagy a tétje, az adatok illetéktelenek részére való kiszolgáltatása, rosszhiszemű felhasználása egzisztenciákat, családokat tehet tönkre, boldogulási lehetőségeket hiúsíthat meg, ha a védelem alacsony szintre süllyed. Másrészről pedig az információszerzés, illetve előzetes adatgyűjtés a különböző bűnelkövetések, terrorcselekmények előkészületi cselekményei is egyben. Azzal, ha a személyes adataink, magánszféránk védelmében ésszerű lépéseket teszünk, élünk a jog és a technológia adta védelmi lehetőségekkel, adatainkat nemcsak az államtól és a piaci szereplőktől, de a bűnözőktől is elzárjuk, és ezzel mindannyiunk biztonságát szolgáljuk. Egy terület tehát biztosan létezik, ahol a biztonság és magánszféra mezsgyéje összeér: az adatbiztonságé és ezzel összefüggésben a tudatos, felelős felhasználói attitűdé, aminek azonban sokszor az emberi tényező a gátja. Jelen tanulmányban a magánszféra és biztonság kérdéskörének komplexitásáról szólunk, és közös nevezőt keresünk az adatkezelések nézőpontjából, kitérve az új adatvédelmi rendelet (GDPR) magánszféránkat és biztonságunkat egyaránt szolgáló leendő jogintézményeinek bemutatására is. --- Data in security – security in our data? Privacy and security may be deemed as a popular dichotomy. It is often argued that even if security is vital, we might sacrifice too much of our privacy in return. This may be irreversible when it comes to the intrusiveness of surveillance. On the other hand, it is also sometimes argued that the importance of personal data protection deserves less attention than security. There is much at stake when it comes to privacy and the protection of personal data. Misuse of personal information may damage families’ lives and ruin people’s livelihoods, thus this may all have significant repercussions for society as a whole – this is the price to be paid if protection is at a low level. Using sophisticated measures that technology and legal regulations can provide, privacy can be protected. Data security is a common field for the protection of privacy and security – crucial for both endeavours to make people’s lives better. This essay describes the complexity of issues related to privacy and security, while also taking new legislation of the European Union into account.

scholarly journals The European Union’s Passenger Name Record Data Directive 2016/681: Is it Fit for Purpose?

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Lowe
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Data Protection ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Personal Data Protection ◽  
Serious Crime ◽  
Court Of Justice ◽  
Record Data ◽  
Fit For Purpose

In 2016 the European Union (eu) introduced a Passenger Name Record Data (pnr) Directive. There has been controversy in the eu over the acquisition and sharing of pnr data, related mainly to the lack of safeguards and protection of personal data protection. This article examines these issues related to earlier eu pnr agreements with third countries and why previous eu attempts to legislate in this area failed. By drawing a comparison with the 2011 pnr Directive proposal, the article argues that by meeting the strict eu law on data protection as well as being necessary to assist in preventing and detecting acts of terrorism and serious crime it is submitted the 2016 Directive is fit for purpose and able to withstand scrutiny by the Court of Justice of the European Union.

scholarly journals ESTUDO SOBRE A REALIZAÇÃO DO DIREITO DA PROTECÇÃO DE DADOS PESSOAIS ATRAVÉS DA JURISPRUDÊNCIA DO TRIBUNAL DE JUSTIÇA DA UNIÃO EUROPEIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita De Sousa Costa
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Data Protection ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Case Law ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Personal Data Protection ◽  
Court Of Justice ◽  
European Data ◽  
Data Protection Law

[PT]No presente texto, apresentamos as grandes linhas de aplicação do direito europeu da protecção de dados conforme gizadas pela jurisprudência do TJUE, com o objectivo de demonstrar como e em que medida este Tribunal modelou – e continua a modelar – o quadro jurídico em vigor, na certeza de que aquela jurisprudência impõe um conjunto de desafios determinantes para a realização material do direito europeu da protecção de dados pessoais. [ESP]Este texto presenta las líneas generales de la aplicación de la legislación europea de protección de datos tal como se establece en la jurisprudencia del TJUE, con el objetivo de demostrar cómo y en qué medida este Tribunal ha configurado -y sigue configurando- el marco jurídico vigente, con la certeza de que la dicha jurisprudencia plantea una serie de retos cruciales para la aplicación material del derecho europeo de la protección de datos personales. [ENG]This text outlines the implementation of the European data protection law as laid down in the case-law of the Court of Justice of the European Union, with the aim of demonstrating how and to what extent the Court has shaped – and continues to shape – the current legal framework. The case-law analysed points out a plethora of challenges which are key to the implementation of the European personal data protection law.

scholarly journals GDPR implementation as the main reason for the regional fragmentation in the online mediasphere

2021 ◽  
Vol 273 ◽  
pp. 08099
Author(s):  
Mikhail Smolenskiy ◽  
Nikolay Levshin
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Data Protection ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Main Role ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
General Data Protection Regulation ◽  
Personal Data Protection ◽  
The Usa ◽  
General Data

The EU’s General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) applies not only to the territory of the European Union, but also to all information systems containing data of EU’s citizens around the world. Misusing or carelessly handling personal data bring fines of up to 20 million euros or 4% of the annual turnover of the offending company. This article analyzes the main trends in the global implementation of the GDPR. Authors considered and analyzed results of personal data protection measures in nineteen regions: The USA, Canada, China, France, Germany, India, Kazakhstan, Nigeria, Russia, South Korea and Thailand, as well as the European Union and a handful of other. This allowed identifying a direct pattern between the global tightening of EU’s citizens personal data protection and the fragmentation of the global mediasphere into separate national segments. As a result of the study, the authors conclude that GDPR has finally slowed down the globalization of the online mediasphere, playing a main role in its regional fragmentation.

scholarly journals Legal Weak Protection of Personal Data in the 4.0 Industrial Revolution Era

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 182-200
Author(s):  
Fenty Usman Puluhulawa ◽  
Jufryanto Puluhulawa ◽  
Moh. Gufran Katili
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Personal Data Protection ◽  
Digital Ecosystem ◽  
Approach Method ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Society Today

This study aims to discuss the legal weak protection of personal data which is motivated by the phenomenon of society today which is like living in a world without borders so that it impacts on easy access to one's personal information, the impact of begins to spread illegal practices by irresponsible parties in the illegal use of personal information. In addition, there are no laws that specifically regulate the protection of personal data/information in the 4.0 Industrial Revolution era. The approach method used is a conceptual and case approach, with the purpose of the research is to analyze the weakness of legal protection for personal data in the 4.0 Industrial Revolution era in Indonesia. The results of the study, the spread of personal data protection arrangements in various laws and regulations indicate the protection of personal data is not yet a national legal priority and results in legal weak protection of the personal data of citizens so as to position Indonesian citizens in a vulnerable position, which is certainly not in line with the legal objectives namely provide legal certainty, justice, and expediency. The various cases that exist and pay attention to the phenomenon of digitalization in the era of the industrial revolution 4.0 illustrate the urgency of the need for the legal protection of personal data a state priority. Legal reform through the legitimacy of protecting personal data as a responsive and progressive legal policy is a must so that legal protection in the form of legal guarantees can be carried out properly in order to create a safe and comfortable digital ecosystem for the community.

scholarly journals Compatibility of the EU and Georgian Personal Data Protection Regimes and Data Transfer

Law and World ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 40-46
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Data Protection ◽  
Data Transfer ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Data System ◽  
Protection System ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Great Opportunity ◽  
Association Agreement ◽  
Personal Data Protection

The work discusses Personal Data Protection system under the European Union law, also Personal Data Protection in Georgia and the compatibility of those two regimes. Moreover, there were men- tioned ways how Georgia can adopt regulations and harmonize its legislation, to be compatible with the European Union Personal Data Protection regime. The work emphasized efforts of Georgia on the path of developing its Personal Data Protection system. The many citizens of Georgia don’t even have a knowledge that their Personal Data has to be defended. Although, the court practice of Georgia revealed good developing signs in this field. If before there were not any cases concerning personal data protection, today we have some good decisions regarding the personal data protection. The data transfer between the European Union and Georgia, is also implemented in the Association Agreement between the European Union and Georgia. Here as well has to be mentioned that the Association Agreement was the greatest step for Georgia, it was the great opportunity to harmonize Georgian Personal Data system with a European. Step by step, Georgia is straining to become a member of the European Union. Thus, this work is a look through past and future of Georgian and EU relations in the field of Personal Data system.

scholarly journals Social credit mechanisms and modern standards of legal protection of personal data: correspondence problems

2021 ◽  
pp. 174-189
Author(s):  
Roman Z. Rouvinsky
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Data Protection ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Credit System ◽  
General Data Protection Regulation ◽  
Social Credit

The subject of this article is the problem of correspondence of the practices of digital profiling and social score, which imply collection and analysis of biographical (reputational) information, to the worldwide-accepted standards of protection of personal data and privacy. Analysis is conducted on the legislation of the People's Republic of China – the country that in recent years has implemented the “Social Credit System” in the sphere of public administration. This project consists of management practices, which are viewed through the prism of the legal model of personal data protection formed by the Law in Protection of Personal Information adopted in 2021. The peculiarity of this research is its comparative legal nature: the provisions of China’s legislation are juxtaposed to the provisions of the General Data Protection Regulation adopted in the European Union and Russia’s Federal Law “On Personal Data”. Assessment is given to the European and Russian models of regulation of operations with personal data in the context of possible implementation of digital profiling practices, social score (ranking, grading), and automated law enforcement decision-making. Having determined the gaps in the current Russian and EU legislation on personal data, and indicating the risk caused by the presence of blanket rules, the conclusion is made according to which the modern legislation on personal data can be an obstacle for arbitrary use of such data; however, it cannot stop the implementation of innovative technologies, mechanisms and practices that suggest using registry and biographical information of individuals for the purpose of social control into the public administration.

scholarly journals On the Legal Consequences of Brexit (on the example of personal data protection)

2021 ◽  
Vol 105 (5) ◽  
pp. 45-55
Author(s):  
Mark Entin ◽  
◽  
Dmitriy Galushko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Data Protection ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Cooperation Agreement ◽  
National Regulation ◽  
Personal Data Protection ◽  
Legal Consequences

The article explores the legal consequences of the UK's withdrawal from the European Union. The scope of personal data protection was taken as an example. The purpose of the article is to study and analyze the legal aspects of the termination of the UK's membership in the European Union, its impact on the cross-border transfer of personal data between the parties, as well as the development of legal regulation in this area. The article shows that, despite the signing of the Withdrawal Agreement, as well as the Trade and Cooperation Agreement, there is a complication of legal regulation, as well as the emergence of potential contradictions and threats to the interests of interested parties. The sphere of personal data protection clearly demonstrates that despite the desire for the sovereignization of legal regulation on the part of the UK, its legal system remains dependent on the legal order of the European Union. The UK's national regulation on personal data will be under constant monitoring by the competent EU authorities, which indirectly confirms the failure to achieve the goals of the full return of the UK's delegated sovereign powers. It is concluded that the EU Court of Justice still retains its jurisdiction over the United Kingdom, in particular, in connection with possibility to challenge decisions on adequacy, as well as through the adoption of its own practice on issues related to personal data protection.

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