scholarly journals HIALURONO RŪGŠTIS: PERSPEKTYVOS ODONTOLOGIJOJE

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 71-75
Author(s):  
Ričardas Kubilius ◽  
Inga Bulotienė
Keyword(s):  
Information Service ◽  
Biomed Central ◽  
Cochrane Library

Hialurono rūgštis (toliau – HA) yra labai populiarus, biologiškai suderinamas polisacharidas, pasižymin­tis išskirtinėmis fiziocheminėmis savybėmis, kurios skatina ją naudoti odontologijoje. HA yra natūrali minkštųjų ir jungiamųjų audinių sudedamoji dalis, svarbi jų vystymuisi ir atsinaujinimui. Įrodyta, kad HA gerina žaizdų gijimą ir uždegiminių ligų gydymą po dantų procedūrų. Terapijos su HA fizikinės ir che­minės savybės, biologinis prieinamumas, toleravimas ir efektyvumas daro ilgalaikį poveikį skausmo mal­šinimui, audinių elastingumui ir patvarumui. Papil­domas gydymas HA turi ilgalaikį terapinį poveikį ir yra efektyvesnis, negu gliukokortikosteroidų ir ne­steroidinių vaistų nuo uždegimo (toliau – NVNU) vartojimas po chirurginių intervencijų. Tyrimo tikslas – atlikti mokslinių publikacijų ir nau­jausių tyrimų, nagrinėjančių HA fizikines ir chemines savybes, sisteminę apžvalgą ir analizę. Išsiaiškinti gydomąjį HA poveikį bei efektyvumą, gydant ūmias ir lėtines burnos ertmės uždegimines ligas. Išanali­zuoti pagrindines HA taikymo sritis odontologijoje ir įvertinti efektyviausią jos pritaikymą žaizdų ir kau­linių defektų po dantų ar žandikaulių chirurginių in­tervencijų, gydymui. Metodika. PubMed, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library, BioMed Central ir SpringerLink Information Service duomenų bazėse pagal pasirinktus raktinius žodžius buvo atrinkti anglų kalba išspausdinti moksliniai straipsniai nagrinėjama tema. Tyrimo rezultatai. Elektroninės paieškos metu iš viso rasti 184 straipsniai. Iš jų pagal atrankos kriterijus pasirinktos ir išnagrinėtos 19 susijusių publikacijų, kuriose analizuotas vietinis HA skyrimas pacientams po dantų ar veido žandikaulių chirurgijos ir dantų implantavimo procedūrų. Išvados. Mokslinės literatūros analizė patvirtino temos aktualumą ir parodė, kad HA gali būti nau­dojama ir kaip pagalbinė priemonė po chirurginių intervencijų burnos ertmėje. Klinikiniai ilgalaikiai tyrimai reikalingi patvirtinti HA preparatų terapinio naudojimo dozę, koncentraciją ir nustatyti tikslų nau­dojimo protokolą.

Pediatric Migraine: Pharmacologic Agents for Prophylaxis

2007 ◽  
Vol 41 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 1181-1190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lea S Eiland ◽  
Lauren S Jenkins ◽  
Spencer H Durham
Keyword(s):  
Valproic Acid ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Information Service ◽  
Migraine Prophylaxis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trials ◽  
Pediatric Migraine

Objective: To identify and evaluate the data regarding medication use for migraine prophylaxis in the pediatric population. Data Sources: Literature was obtained through searches in PubMed (Mid 1950s–March 2007), Iowa Drug Information Service/Web (1966–February 2007), International Pharmaceutical Abstracts (1970–Pebruary 2007), and the Cochrane Library. The terms migraine, prophylaxis, child, and children were used and cross referenced with all drug names. Reference citations from publications identified were also reviewed and included. Study Selection and Data Extraction: Only trials that evaluated migraine headaches in the pediatric population were included. Trials including adolescent and adult populations are briefly listed, but not reviewed. Trials involving nonprescription medication were also included in the evaluation. Due to the limited information, all clinical trials, retrospective reviews, and abstracts evaluated were included in this review. Data Synthesis: Few controlled clinical trials regarding prophylaxis therapy are available. Currently, no medications are approved by the Food and Drug Administration for prophylaxis of migraines in children. Seventeen drugs were identified and included in the review. Of the drugs with available data, topiramate, valproic acid, flunarizine, amitriptyline, and cyproheptadine have shown efficacy in decreasing migraine frequency and duration in children. However, larger clinical trials are necessary to validate the utility of these agents. Conflicting data exist for propranolol and pizotifen, and additional data are needed for gabapentin, leve-tiracetam, zonisamide, naproxen, and trazodone. In clinical trials, nimodipine, clonidine, and natural supplements have shown a lack of efficacy versus placebo for prophylaxis of migraines in children. Conclusions: Topiramate, valproic acid, and amitriptyline have the most data on their use for prophylaxis of migraines in children. Numerous agents have limited data in this population and several agents lack efficacy. Prospective, well designed, controlled clinical trials that include quality-of-life and functional outcomes are needed for guiding therapy of migraine prophylaxis for children.

scholarly journals Segregación de la ropa hospitalaria en origen usada por el paciente: revisión sistemática

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ligia Rojas Valenciano ◽  
Consuelo Cubero Alpízar ◽  
Viriam Leiva Díaz
Keyword(s):  
Biomed Central ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Revisión Sistemática ◽  
E Mail

Introducción. La segregación y procesamiento de la ropa es un asunto vital tanto para los pacientes como para el recurso humano que labora en los hospitales y centros de salud y que manipula este material. El objetivo fue evaluar la efectividad del personal de enfermería respecto de la segregación de la ropa hospitalaria en origen usada por el paciente, para la prevención de infecciones intrahospitalarias.Método. Se trata de una revisión sistemática, aplicando la metodología recomendada por la Colaboración Cochrane. Para la identificación de los estudios se realizó  búsquedas electrónicas en MEDLINE, conferencias en línea, alertas semanales de revistas en BioMed Central (e-mail), EBSCO, Clinical Key, PubMed, Journal of infection, Advance of Nursing, Excelencia.net, Journal of Hospital, Cochrane Library Plus. Después de establecer los criterios de inclusión y exclusión y análisis crítico, se seleccionaron 5 documentos que dieran respuesta a la pregunta clínica.Resultado. La segregación de la ropa debe ser realizada en origen (A-III) y recomiendan que la manipulación de la ropa sucia se debe determinar a nivel local, en consulta con el comité local de control de infecciones.Conclusión. No se pudo determinar la efectividad de la segregación de la ropa en origen realizada por el personal de enfermería en relación con la prevención de infecciones intrahospitalarias. 

scholarly journals Differences in the Prevalence of Clinical Adjacent Segment Pathology among Continents after Anterior Cervical Fusion: Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (18) ◽  
pp. 4125
Author(s):  
Young-Woo Chung ◽  
Sung-Kyu Kim ◽  
Yong-Jin Park
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Information Service ◽  
Technical Information ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Adjacent Segment ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
The North

Development of adjacent segment pathology leading to secondary operation is a matter of concern after anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF). Some studies have reported anatomic difference between races, but no epidemiological data on prevalence of clinical adjacent segment pathology (cASP) among races or continents has been published. The purpose of this study was to compare the prevalence of cASP that underwent surgery after monosegmental ACDF among continents by meta-analysis. MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library with manual searching in key journals, reference lists, and the National Technical Information Service were searched from inception to December 2018. Twenty studies with a total of 2009 patients were included in the meta-analysis. We extracted the publication details, sample size, and prevalence of cASP that underwent surgery. A total of 15 papers from North America, three from Europe, and two from Asia met the inclusion criteria. A total number of 2009 patients underwent monosegmental ACDF, and 113 patients (5.62%) among them had cASP that underwent surgery. The rate of cASP that underwent surgery was 4.99% in the North America, 3.65% in the Europe, 6.34% in the Asia, and there were no statistically significant differences (p = 0.63). The current study using the method of meta-analysis revealed that there were no significant differences in the rate of cASP that underwent surgery after ACDF among the continents.

PP80 A Systematic Review Of The Gugging Swallowing Screen For Assessing Dysphagia

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (S1) ◽  
pp. 52-53
Author(s):  
Seon Heui Lee
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Information Service ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Research Information ◽  
Systematic Assessment ◽  
Swallow Study ◽  
Hospital Stays ◽  
The Cochrane Library ◽  
Risk Of Aspiration

IntroductionDysphagia is a clinical burden that can lead to serious complications like aspiration and pneumonia. Complications often result in longer hospital stays or an increased mortality rates. The Gugging Swallowing Screen (GUSS) assesses swallowing ability in patients by allowing separate evaluations for non-fluid and fluid textures, and is a potentially useful tool for determining the risk of aspiration and dysphagia. The purpose of this study is to analyze the validity and effectiveness of GUSS for dysphagia screening.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review by searching the following electronic databases: Medline, EMBASE, The Cochrane Library, KoreaMed, the Research Information Sharing Service, and the Korean Studies Information Service System. We included studies related to dysphagia screening with GUSS that were published in English or Korean up to November 2018.ResultsOf 297 unique studies identified, 219 were reviewed by two independent reviewers. Finally, eight articles were identified as being relevant for this study. With regard to validity, GUSS had a sensitivity ranging from 90 to 100 percent and a specificity of between 50 and 88 percent. In addition, GUSS results significantly correlated with the results of the videofluoroscopic swallow study and the fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing. In terms of effectiveness, early systematic dysphagia screening with GUSS by nurses reduced the duration of screening and rate of pneumonia, compared with the control group (p = 0.004). The incidence of X-ray verified pneumonia in the GUSS group was also significantly lower than in the clinical screening group (p < 0.01), although there was no difference in the occurrence of pneumonia, compared with the 10 mL water swallowing test.ConclusionsResults showed that GUSS is a reliable and sensitive tool for screening patients for dysphagia. This early and systematic assessment can reduce the occurrence of aspiration and pneumonia, although further research is needed to establish the effectiveness of GUSS.

scholarly journals The Reporting Quality of Acupuncture-Related Infections in Korean Literature: A Systematic Review of Case Studies

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tae-Hun Kim ◽  
Jung Won Kang ◽  
Wan-Soo Park
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Service System ◽  
Information Service ◽  
Reporting Quality ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Database Searching ◽  
Korean Literature ◽  
National Assembly

Objective. Acupuncture is generally accepted as a safe intervention when it is administered in appropriate clinical setting by well-educated and experienced practitioners. In this study, we reviewed observational studies on adverse events (AEs) or complications relevant to acupuncture practice in Korean literature for assessing their reporting quality and suggested recommendations for future ones on acupuncture-related infections.Method. Electronic databases including Medline, Embase, Cochrane library, Korean studies Information Service System, DBpia, National Digital Science Library, and Korean National Assembly Library were searched until May 2015. Combination of keywords including “acupuncture” and “infection” were used for searching databases.Result. A total of 23 studies from 2,739 literature articles were identified from electronic database searching until May 2015. From this review, we found that most case studies did not report enough information for judging causality between acupuncture and the AEs (or complications) as well as appropriateness of the acupuncture practice. In addition, acupuncture experts rarely participated in the reporting of these AEs (or complications).Conclusion. Based on these limitations, we suggest a tentative recommendation for future case studies on acupuncture-related infection. We hope that this recommendation would contribute to the improvement of the reporting quality of acupuncture-related AEs (or complications) in the future.

Characteristics of the Frequency-Following Response to Speech in Neonates and Potential Applicability in Clinical Practice: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 1618-1635
Author(s):  
Céline Richard ◽  
Mary Lauren Neel ◽  
Arnaud Jeanvoine ◽  
Sharon Mc Connell ◽  
Alison Gehred ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Outcomes ◽  
Frequency Following Response ◽  
Ovid Medline ◽  
Published Evidence ◽  
Mesh Terms ◽  
Potential Applicability ◽  
Clinical Potential

Purpose We sought to critically analyze and evaluate published evidence regarding feasibility and clinical potential for predicting neurodevelopmental outcomes of the frequency-following responses (FFRs) to speech recordings in neonates (birth to 28 days). Method A systematic search of MeSH terms in the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied HealthLiterature, Embase, Google Scholar, Ovid Medline (R) and E-Pub Ahead of Print, In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations and Daily, Web of Science, SCOPUS, COCHRANE Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov was performed. Manual review of all items identified in the search was performed by two independent reviewers. Articles were evaluated based on the level of methodological quality and evidence according to the RTI item bank. Results Seven articles met inclusion criteria. None of the included studies reported neurodevelopmental outcomes past 3 months of age. Quality of the evidence ranged from moderate to high. Protocol variations were frequent. Conclusions Based on this systematic review, the FFR to speech can capture both temporal and spectral acoustic features in neonates. It can accurately be recorded in a fast and easy manner at the infant's bedside. However, at this time, further studies are needed to identify and validate which FFR features could be incorporated as an addition to standard evaluation of infant sound processing evaluation in subcortico-cortical networks. This review identifies the need for further research focused on identifying specific features of the neonatal FFRs, those with predictive value for early childhood outcomes to help guide targeted early speech and hearing interventions.

Association of Vitamin D Status With Liver and Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review of Clinical Trials, and Cross-Sectional and Cohort Studies

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Mostafa Parizadeh ◽  
Majid Rezayi ◽  
Reza Jafarzadeh-Esfehani ◽  
Amir Avan ◽  
Hamideh Ghazizadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Vitamin D Levels

Abstract. Background: Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is a major public health problem. There are few comprehensive systematic reviews about the relationship between Vitamin D status and liver and renal disease in Iran. Methods: We systemically searched the following databases: Web of Science; PubMed; Cochrane Library; Scopus; Science Direct; Google Scholar and two Iranian databases (Scientific Information Database (SID) and IranMedex) up until November 2017 to identify all randomized control trials (RCTs), case control, cross-sectional and cohort studies investigating the association between vitamin D and any form of liver or kidney disease. Results: Vitamin D insufficiency, or deficiency (VDD), is highly prevalent in Iran, reports varying between 44.4% in Isfahan to 98% in Gorgan. There is also a high prevalence of VDD among patients with liver or kidney disease, and the administration of vitamin D supplements may have beneficial effects on lipid profile, blood glucose, liver function and fatty liver disease, and bone health. Low serum vitamin D levels are related with abnormalities in these laboratory and clinical parameters. Conclusion: VDD is prevalent in patients with chronic liver or renal disease in Iran. There appear to be several beneficial effects of vitamin D supplementation in vitamin D deficient patients with liver or kidney disease.

Efficacy of compression stockings in preventing post-thrombotic syndrome in patients with deep venous thrombosis: a systematic review and metaanalysis

VASA ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakob Martin Burgstaller ◽  
Johann Steurer ◽  
Ulrike Held ◽  
Beatrice Amann-Vesti
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Deep Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Compression Stockings ◽  
Post Thrombotic Syndrome ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Preventive Efficacy ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Cochrane Library

Abstract. Background: Here, we update an earlier systematic review on the preventive efficacy of active compression stockings in patients with diagnosed proximal deep venous thrombosis (DVT) by including the results of recently published trials. The aims are to synthesize the results of the original studies, and to identify details to explain heterogeneous results. Methods: We searched the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Scopus, and Medline for original studies that compared the preventive efficacy of active compression stockings with placebo or no compression stockings in patients with diagnosed proximal DVT. Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included. Results: Five eligible RCTs with a total of 1393 patients (sample sizes ranged from 47 to 803 patients) were included. In three RCTs, patients started to wear compression stockings, placebo stockings or no stockings within the first three weeks after the diagnosis of DVT. The results of two RCTs indicate a statistically significant reduction in post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS) of 50% or more after two or more years. The result of one RCT shows no preventive effect of compression stockings at all. Due to the heterogeneity of the study results, we refrained from pooling the results of the RCTs. In a further RCT, randomization to groups with and without compression stockings took place six months after the diagnosis of DVT, and in another RCT, only patients with the absence of PTS one year after the diagnosis of DVT were analyzed. One RCT revealed a significant reduction in symptoms, whereas another RCT failed to show any benefit of using compression stockings. Conclusions: At this time, it does not seem to be justifiable to entirely abandon the recommendations regarding compression stockings to prevent PTS in patients with DVT. There is evidence favoring compression stockings, but there is also evidence showing no benefit of compression stockings.

Naloxon – Medizinische Grundlagen und internationale Erfahrungen

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 335-342
Author(s):  
Norbert Wodarz ◽  
Jörg Wolstein ◽  
Heike Wodarz-von Essen ◽  
Oliver Pogarell
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Glasgow Coma Scale ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Coma Scale ◽  
International Standard ◽  
Trial Number ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Opioid Crisis ◽  
Lebensrettende Basismaßnahmen

Zusammenfassung. Hintergrund: Die Abhängigkeit von Opioiden ist mit erheblichen gesundheitlichen Gefährdungen der Betroffenen und einer hohen Mortalität assoziiert. Derzeit werden insbesondere die dramatisch gestiegenen Mortalitätsraten in den USA diskutiert (‚opioid crisis‘), aber auch in Deutschland war in den letzten Jahren ein kontinuierlicher Anstieg der Drogentoten, überwiegend verursacht durch Opioide, zu verzeichnen. Die Risiken einer Opioid Überdosierung bzw. Intoxikation resultiert vor allem aus der hemmenden Wirkung der Opioide auf den Atemantrieb, die durch andere gleichzeitig konsumierte Substanzen noch verstärkt werden kann. Neben Erstmaßnahmen (Notruf, lebensrettende Basismaßnahmen der Ersten Hilfe) kommt auch der Einsatz des Opioidantagonisten Naloxon in Betracht. Methode: Literaturrecherche in PubMed, Cochrane Library und im International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial Number (ISRCTN) Register. Ergebnisse: Auch aus ethischen Gründen liegen bislang eher wenig systematische Untersuchungen zum nicht-ärztlichen Einsatz von Naloxon bei Opioidüberdosierung vor. Trotzdem kann nach aktuellem Stand geschlussfolgert werden, dass die intranasale Verabreichung vergleichbar wirksam mit einer intramuskulären Anwendung zu sein scheint. Bei Überdosierten, die nach erfolgreichem Naloxon-Einsatz aus unterschiedlichen Gründen nicht in einer Klinik gebracht wurden, wurden in ca. 1 %. Todesfälle dokumentiert. Falls 60 min nach Naloxongabe unauffällige Vitalparameter und auf der Glasgow Coma Scale mind. 15 Punkte erreicht werden, besteht wohl ein sehr niedriges Rebound-Risiko. Im Vergleich dazu ist das Auftreten von Naloxon-induzierten Entzugssyndromen deutlich häufiger, hängen jedoch von der Dosis und dem konsumierten Opioid ab, wie auch von der verabreichten Naloxon-Dosis. Schlussfolgerungen: Naloxon kann mittlerweile auch in Deutschland als zugelassenes Nasalspray verabreicht werden und ist daher im Prinzip auch für den Einsatz durch Ersthelfer geeignet. Verbesserte Rahmenbedingungen, wie z. B. spezifische Schulungen könnten dazu beitragen, Take-Home Naloxon als erfolgreichen Baustein zur Reduktion von Drogentod zu implementieren.

The Commitment of the Documentation Service of the Swiss Academy of Medical Sciences for the Impartment of Evidence Based Medicine

Swiss Surgery ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 183-185
Author(s):  
Bleuer
Keyword(s):  
Evidence Based Medicine ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Based Medicine

Die mit dem Aufkommen der elektronischen Medien einhergehende Informationsflut hat die Erwartungen an den Dokumentationsdienst (DOKDI) der Schweizerischen Akademie der Medizinischen Wissenschaften verändert: Insbesondere Evidence Based Medicine (EBM) verlangt nicht nur die Beschaffung von Information, sondern auch eine Selektion hinsichtlich Qualität und Relevanz: Die sich aus der klinischen Situation ergebende Frage fordert eine Antwort, die inhaltlich richtig ist und in der konkreten Situation auch weiterhilft. Dem Ideal, sich durch kritische Lektüre der Originalarbeiten ein Bild über die vorhandene Evidenz für die Richtigkeit eines bestimmten Prozederes zu verschaffen, stehen in der Praxis meist Zeitmangel und methodische Schwierigkeiten im Weg; man wird sich deshalb oft auf die durch andere erarbeitete Evidenz abstützen müssen und z.B. die Cochrane Library konsultieren. Der DOKDI engagiert sich sowohl bei der Erarbeitung von systematischen Übersichtsarbeiten als auch bei der Dissemination der gefundenen Evidenz, indem er seine Erfahrung in der Dokumentation mit elektronischen Medien und die entsprechende Infrastruktur zur Verfügung stellt. Als Ergänzung zu diesen Aktivitäten hat die Akademie einen Grant zur Ausbildung von EBM-Tutoren gesprochen. In einem einwöchigen Kurs in Oxford werden Kliniker zu EBM-Tutoren ausgebildet: Dies wird zukünftig ermöglichen, vermehrt EBM-Workshops in der Schweiz durchzuführen.

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