“WHAT MRI CAN DO IN SUSPECTED NON-DEGENRATIVE CASES OF COMPRESSIVE MYELOPATHY”

2021 ◽  
pp. 27-32
Author(s):  
G. S. Sabhikhi ◽  
Vaibhav Jaiswal ◽  
Swati Awasthi ◽  
Tarun Goyal
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Tumor ◽  
Cord Compression ◽  
Herniated Disc ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male Predominance ◽  
Surface Coils ◽  
Intervertebral Disks ◽  
Epidural Hemorrhage ◽  
Compressive Myelopathy

BACKGROUND: Compressive Myelopathy is described as the spinal cord compression either from outside or within the cord itself. Compression may be due to Herniated disc, post traumatic compression by fracture / displaced Vertebra, epidural hemorrhage / abscess or Epidural / Intradural (Intramedullary and Extramedullary) neoplasm. Study aimed to to study the role of MRI in evaluation of compressive myelopathy MATERIAL & METHOD: It is a cross sectional observational study conducted during Jan 2019 to June 2020 in patients presenting to the Department of Radiodiagnosis with features of compressive myelopathy at Sharda Hospital, SMS&R. Total of 30 patients who fullled inclusion criteria and provided the informed consent. Philips Achieva 3.0T MRI. Standard surface coils and body coils, were used for cervical, thoracic and Lumbar spine for acquisition of images was used to assess the compressive myelopathy. RESULTS: In present study, total of 30 patients were included in the present study. Among them 20 were males and 10 were female with the ratio of 2:1 showing the male predominance. The mean age of the patients was found to be 39.23 years. Extra dural compartment was the most commonly involved (n=26). POTTs (n=12) and TM (n=11) were most common located in extradural compartment, followed by metastasis (n=2). (p<0.001) CONCLUSION: MRI was able to successfully classify the spinal tumor based on Extradural / Intradural position and evaluate the integrity of the spinal cord, intervertebral disks and ligament following acute spinal trauma.

Metastasizing Meningioma

Neurosurgery ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 1028-1030 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Russell ◽  
T. Moss
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Compression ◽  
Primary Tumor ◽  
Unusual Case ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Spinal Tumor ◽  
Cord Compression ◽  
Metastatic Spread ◽  
Intracranial Meningioma

Abstract A very unusual case of metastatic spread of a meningioma is described. The clinical presentation was of extradural spinal cord compression, without evidence of a primary tumor. Computed tomography did not reveal any intracranial meningioma; the histopathology of the extradural spinal tumor was identical with that of two intracranial meningiomas previously excised.

On spinal osteochondromas

1992 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steffen Albrecht ◽  
J. Stewart Crutchfield ◽  
Gary K. SeGall
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Residual Disease ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Cord Compression ◽  
Spinal Root ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Male Predominance ◽  
Multiple Osteochondromas ◽  
Adjacent Structures ◽  
The Mean

✓ Osteochondromas (or osteocartilaginous exostoses) make up about 30% to 40% of benign bone tumors. Most are solitary lesions but some are multiple, usually with autosomal dominant inheritance. From 1% to 4% of osteochondromas occur in the spine, where they can cause a variety of signs and symptoms, including those of spinal cord or spinal root compression. The authors present five patients with osteochondromas of the spine and review the findings together with those of over 130 cases reported since 1907. The cases were divided into: 1) spinal osteochondromas in patients with multiple osteochondromas, and 2) solitary osteochondromas occurring in the spine. The age (mean ± standard error of the mean) of patients in the first group was 21.6 ± 1.8 years compared to 30.0 ± 2.1 years for those in the second group (p < 0.02). There was a significant male predominance overall (M:F = 2.5:1; p < 0.0005). In both groups, one-half of the lesions involved the cervical spine. Symptoms are caused by pressure on adjacent structures. Spinal cord compression was reported more than twice as frequently in the multiple osteochondroma group as in the single osteochondroma group (77% vs 33%; p < 0.0005). Computerized tomography (CT) is the imaging procedure of choice. In both groups, the majority of surgically treated patients (90% and 88%, respectively) improve, with about three-quarters of the improved patients having no residual disease or only minor deficits.

Extramedullary Hematopoiesis Causing Spinal Cord Compression

Neurosurgery ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 728-731 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Pile-Spellman ◽  
Lester Adelman ◽  
Kalmon D. Post
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Metastatic Disease ◽  
Spinal Cord Compression ◽  
Extramedullary Hematopoiesis ◽  
Cord Compression ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Compressive Myelopathy

abstract A case of compressive myelopathy secondary to extramedullary hematopoiesis is presented. The similarities and differences between this disorder and myelopathy secondary to metastatic disease are discussed. If diagnosed early, this condition should improve with treatment.

scholarly journals Primary Dural Spinal Lymphoma Presentation of a Rare Spinal Tumor Case

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Dilber Ayçiçek Çeçen ◽  
Necati Tatarlı ◽  
Hikmet Turan Süslü ◽  
Selçuk Özdoğan ◽  
Nagehan Özdemir Barışık
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Cranial Nerves ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Spinal Tumor ◽  
Cord Compression ◽  
Primary Lymphoma ◽  
Systemic Involvement ◽  
Rare Location ◽  
History Of ◽  
Upper Thoracic

Background.Primary spinal dural lymphomas (PSDL) are tumors with characteristic histopathology of a lymphoma, which are completely in the spinal epidural space without any other systemic involvement. Extranodal primary lymphoma involving nervous system prefers thalamus/basal ganglia, periventricular region, cerebellum, eyes, meninges/dura, and cranial nerves or spinal cord. Rare spinal localization with acute spinal cord compression is worth attention.Case Presentation.A 48-year-old male presented with a several-month-long history of upper back pain. Lately, he had numbness and weakness at both lower extremities and was unable to walk for one week. A spinal MRI showed a thoracic lesion with cord compression at T2–T4 levels. The patient underwent surgical decompression, with his final histopathology showing diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Systemic work-up was negative for nodal disease. Following surgery, he received radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy. He experienced a good outcome after four years.Conclusion.The upper thoracic cord is a rare location for primary spinal lesions/metastases, both of which prefer the lower thoracic and upper lumbar regions. In cases of progressive paraparesis, there should be immediate surgical intervention in the case of denovo disease, followed by combined radiotherapy and chemotherapy procedures.

scholarly journals Spinal cord compression in cattle after the use of an oily vaccine

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (11) ◽  
pp. 997-999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Guimarães Ubiali ◽  
Raquel Aparecida Sales da Cruz ◽  
Marconni Victor da Costa Lana ◽  
Yara Silva Meireles ◽  
Pedro Brandini Néspoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Epidural Space ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Filling Defect ◽  
Cord Compression ◽  
Spinal Nerve ◽  
Nerve Roots ◽  
Longissimus Dorsi Muscle ◽  
Hind Limbs ◽  
Compressive Myelopathy

An outbreak of compressive myelopathy in cattle associated with the improper use of an oil vaccine is described. Neurological signs were observed in 25 out of 3,000 cattle after 60 days of being vaccinated against foot and mouth disease. The clinical picture was characterized by progressive paralysis of the hind limbs, difficulty in standing up, and sternal recumbency during the course of 2-5 months. A filling defect between the L1 and L3 vertebrae was seen through myelography performed in one of the affected animals. A yellow-gray, granular and irregular mass was observed in four necropsied animals involving the spinal nerve roots and epidural space of the lumbar (L1-L4) spinal cord; the mass was associated with a whitish oily fluid. This fluid was also found in association with necrosis of the longissimus dorsi muscle. Microscopic changes in the epidural space, nerve roots, and spinal musculature were similar and consisted of granulomas or pyogranulomas around circular unstained spaces (vacuoles). These spaces were located between areas of severe diffuse hyaline necrosis of muscle fibers and resembled the drops of oil present in the vaccine.

scholarly journals Epidemiologic Aspects of Spinal Cord Trauma Cases among Traffic Accident Victims

10.3823/2624 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Aparecida De Freitas Silveira ◽  
Tatiana Farias Teódulo Palitot ◽  
Alessandro Leite Cavalcanti ◽  
Gláucia De Souza Abreu ◽  
Liege Helena Freitas Fernandes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Spinal Injury ◽  
Spinal Injuries ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Spinal Cord Trauma ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male Predominance

Objective: To describe and analyze characteristics of cases of spinal cord Trauma (SCT) among traffic accident victims admitted to a referral hospital. Method: Descriptive, analytical, cross-sectional study with quantitative approach, developed in the city of Campina Grande, in the state of Paraíba, Brazil. The population consists of 1,884 medical records of patients admitted to hospital after damage caused by traffic accidents from January to December 2016. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, adopting a significance level of 5%. Results: Among the victims of traffic accidents, there was a male predominance (85.4%). The most affected age group was 21 to 30 years (29%). Accidents involving motorcyclists were predominant (82.9%) and 43 victims (2.3%) suffered spinal injury. Among these ones, there was a prevalence of males (86%), in the age group between 21 and 30 years (35.7%). In 30 cases (69.8%), the victims had spinal injuries. The cervical level (55.8%) was dominant. In addition, 46.7% of the victims were classified as ASIA and there were 9 cases (30%) of paraplegia and 1 case (3.3%) of tetraplegia. A bivariate analysis revealed a significant association between the variable presence of SCT and type of accident (p <0.001), use of cervical collar (p <0.005), injuries in other anatomical regions (p <0.001), surgical treatment (p < 0.001) and outcome of the patient’s situation (p <0.005). Conclusions: Among the victims of traffic accidents and SCT there was a predominance of males, young individuals and motorcyclists. Keywords: Epidemiology. Traffic-accidents. Public health. Spinal injuries. Spinal cord trauma.

The fate of the compressed deformed spinal cord after decompressive surgery: MR imaging and histopathological findings in experimental studies

1999 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. E7
Author(s):  
Hisato Tanaka ◽  
Kensei Nagata ◽  
Akio Inoue ◽  
Mitsuaki Yoshizuka
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Cord Compression ◽  
Decompressive Surgery ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Histopathological Findings ◽  
Histopathological Studies

The authors conducted a study in which they applied the spinal cord compression-decompression model in rabbits to investigate the morphological changes and histopathological findings in the deformed spinal cord over a long-term period after performing decompressive surgery. Throughout the experimental period, mangnetic resonance (MR) images were obtained frequently; after obtaining a final MR image, the spinal cord was dissected and underwent histological examination. Immediately after decompressive surgery, axial T1-wieighted MR imaging revealed an increase in the cross-sectional area of the spinal cord during the 1st and 2nd weeks. The spinal cord area achieved a peak at an average of 5.9 weeks after decompressive surgery, when it displayed isointensity on T1- and high-intensity on T2-weighted images. The main histological findings were spongy changes in the white matter, which persisted for 4 months postsurgery. There was a significant correlation between the presurgical spinal cord area and the postsurgical decreased number of motor neuron cells. Based on the MR imaging and histopathological studies, although the deformed spinal cord that underwent compression for 3 months was immediately restored morphologically after decompressive surgery, the change in quality in the spinal cord persisted at least 4 months.

scholarly journals Role of macrophages and activated microglia in neuropathic pain associated with chronic progressive spinal cord compression

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoto Takeura ◽  
Hideaki Nakajima ◽  
Shuji Watanabe ◽  
Kazuya Honjoh ◽  
Ai Takahashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Neuropathic Pain ◽  
Spinal Cord Compression ◽  
Cord Compression ◽  
Suitable Model ◽  
Chronic Neuropathic Pain ◽  
Activated Microglia ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Blood Spinal Cord Barrier ◽  
Compressive Myelopathy

Abstract Neuropathic pain (NeP) is commonly encountered in patients with diseases associated with spinal cord damage (e.g., spinal cord injury (SCI) and compressive myelopathy). Recent studies described persistent glial activation and neuronal hyperactivity in SCI, but the pathomechanisms of NeP in chronic compression of the spinal cord remains elusive. The purpose of the present study was to determine the roles of microglia and infiltrating macrophages in NeP. The study was conducted in chimeric spinal hyperostotic mice (ttw/ttw), characterized by chronic progressive compression of the spinal cord as a suitable model of human compressive myelopathy. The severity of spinal cord compression correlated with proportion of activated microglia and hematogenous macrophages. Spinal cord compression was associated with overexpression of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) in infiltrating macrophages and reversible blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB) disruption in the dorsal horns. Our results suggested that chronic neuropathic pain in long-term spinal cord compression correlates with infiltrating macrophages, activated microglial cells and the associated damage of BSCB, together with overexpression of p-38 MAPK and p-ERK1/2 in these cells. Our findings are potentially useful for the design of new therapies to alleviate chronic neuropathic pain associated with compressive myelopathy.

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