scholarly journals Existence of Periodic Properties of Solutions of Certain Autonomous Third Order Nonlinear Differential Equations

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akinwale Olutimo
Keyword(s):  
Fish Species ◽  
School Children ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Nonlinear Differential Equations ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Food Composition ◽  
Potential Contribution ◽  
Nutrient Intakes ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Smoked Fish

Introduction: Knowledge of food composition is crucial in the assessment of nutritional quality and potential contribution to recommended nutrient intakes. Fish plays a major role in ensuring food and nutritional security among the poor, vulnerable and rural fishing communities. However, in Nigeria, information on the nutrition content of some locally important fish species particularly after smoking or sun-drying is either lacking or missing. Aim: The present study was carried out to evaluate (i) the nutritional value of two locally smoked clupeids (Sardinella maderensis and Pellonula leonensis); (ii) in relation to recommended nutrient intakes in pre-school children (< 5 years) and elderly (men and women >70 years) and (iii) linkages between nutrient access and intake. Materials and Methods: Fresh samples were collected from Badagry Creek, smoked using local smoking kiln and analyzed according to AOAC standard method. Data were collected in duplicates and analyzed using t-test. Results: There were significant differences (P =.05) in the proximate composition except for crude fibre between the two fish species. The percentage cover of daily recommended intake of phosphorous and calcium from the two species were very low (1. 81-3.7%; 0.023% - 0.0912%) but low to moderate for zinc (2 % - 22.50%) in pre-school children and the elderly. Conclusion: Sequel to the results obtained in this study, the two smoked fish species showed good nutritive qualities for human health despite the low to moderate contents of calcium, zinc and phosphorus. Keywords: Badagry Creek, clupeids, nutritional quality, smoked fish, Nigeria, recommended nutrient intakes.

scholarly journals PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT OF PROXIMATE COMPOSITION, MINERAL AND ENERGY CONTENTS IN LOCALLY SMOKED PELLONULA LEONENSIS AND SARDINELLA MADERENSIS FROM BADAGRY CREEK, LAGOS STATE, NIGERIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kafayat A. Fakoya ◽  
Fatai G. Owodeinde ◽  
Gabriel O. Mekuleyi ◽  
Akeem A. Oyinlola
Keyword(s):  
Fish Species ◽  
School Children ◽  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Food Composition ◽  
Potential Contribution ◽  
Nutrient Intakes ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Food And Nutritional Security

Knowledge of food composition is crucial in the assessment of nutritional quality and potential contribution to recommended nutrient intakes. Fish plays a major role in ensuring food and nutritional security among the poor, vulnerable and rural fishing communities. However, there is paucity of information on the nutritional value of fish species exploited by the artisanal fisheries in Nigeria. The present study was carried out to evaluate (i) the nutritional value in two locally smoked clupeids (Sardinella maderensis and Pellonula leonensis); (ii) each species in relation to recommended nutrient intakes in pre-school children(< 5 years) and elderly (men and women >70 years) and (iii) linkages between nutrient access and intake. Fresh samples were collected from Badagry Creek, smoked using local smoking kiln and analyzed according to AOAC standard method. Data were collected in duplicates and analyzed using t-test. There were significant differences (p < 0.05) in the proximate composition except for crude fibre between the two fish species. The percentage cover of daily recommended intake of phosphorous and calcium from the two species were very low (1. 81-3.7%; 0.023% - 0.0912%) but low to moderate for zinc (2 % - 22.50%) in pre-school children and the elderly. Sequel to the results obtained in this study, the two smoked fish species showed good nutritive qualities for human health despite the low to moderate contents of calcium, zinc and phosphorus contents.

scholarly journals Nutrient composition of important fish species in Bangladesh and potential contribution to recommended nutrient intakes

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 120-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica R. Bogard ◽  
Shakuntala H. Thilsted ◽  
Geoffrey C. Marks ◽  
Md. Abdul Wahab ◽  
Mostafa A.R. Hossain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fish Species ◽  
Nutrient Composition ◽  
Potential Contribution ◽  
Nutrient Intakes ◽  
Important Fish

scholarly journals Nutrient Composition of Demersal, Pelagic, and Mesopelagic Fish Species Sampled Off the Coast of Bangladesh and Their Potential Contribution to Food and Nutrition Security—The EAF-Nansen Programme

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 730 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Nordhagen ◽  
Abu Ansar Md. Rizwan ◽  
Inger Aakre ◽  
Amalie Moxness Reksten ◽  
Lauren Michelle Pincus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fish Species ◽  
Demersal Fish ◽  
Food Composition ◽  
Nutrient Composition ◽  
Mesopelagic Fish ◽  
Potential Contribution ◽  
Marine Research ◽  
Composition Data ◽  
Composition Table ◽  
Demersal Species

Fish is a major part of the Bangladeshi diet, but data on the nutrient composition of marine fish species are sparse. Mesopelagic fish may be a new potential resource of food and nutrients; however, nutrient composition data are lacking. The aim of this study was to provide nutrient composition data of fish species sampled off the coast of Bangladesh and determine their potential contribution to recommended nutrient intakes (RNI). Seven species from the pelagic, mesopelagic, and demersal zones were sampled from the coast of Bangladesh with Dr. Fridtjof Nansen in 2018. Three pooled samples containing 15-840 individuals from each species were analysed at the Institute of Marine Research, Norway. The demersal species contained substantially lower concentrations of nearly all nutrients, whereas the mesopelagic species generally were more nutrient dense. All species, except for the demersal species Bombay duck (9% dry matter), were found to contribute ≥100% to the RNI of vitamin B12, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, and selenium. All species, except for the demersal fish species, contributed ≥25% to the RNI of six or more nutrients. The data presented in this paper are an important contribution to the Bangladeshi food composition table and contribute to the understanding of fish as an important source of micronutrients.

scholarly journals Dietary assessment methods in epidemiological research: current state of the art and future prospects

F1000Research ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 926 ◽  
Author(s):  
Androniki Naska ◽  
Areti Lagiou ◽  
Pagona Lagiou
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Assessment ◽  
Smart Phone ◽  
Food Composition ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
Assessment Methods ◽  
Nutrient Intakes ◽  
Dietary Biomarkers ◽  
Novel Technologies ◽  
Sources Of Error ◽  
Dietary Assessment Methods

Self-reported dietary intake is assessed by methods of real-time recording (food diaries and the duplicate portion method) and methods of recall (dietary histories, food frequency questionnaires, and 24-hour dietary recalls). Being less labor intensive, recall methods are more frequently employed in nutritional epidemiological investigations. However, sources of error, which include the participants’ inability to fully and accurately recall their intakes as well as limitations inherent in the food composition databases applied to convert the reported food consumption to energy and nutrient intakes, may limit the validity of the generated information. The use of dietary biomarkers is often recommended to overcome such errors and better capture intra-individual variability in intake; nevertheless, it has its own challenges. To address measurement error associated with dietary questionnaires, large epidemiological investigations often integrate sub-studies for the validation and calibration of the questionnaires and/or administer a combination of different assessment methods (e.g. administration of different questionnaires and assessment of biomarker levels). Recent advances in the omics field could enrich the list of reliable nutrition biomarkers, whereas new approaches employing web-based and smart phone applications could reduce respondent burden and, possibly, reporting bias. Novel technologies are increasingly integrated with traditional methods, but some sources of error still remain. In the analyses, food and nutrient intakes always need to be adjusted for total daily energy intake to account for errors related to reporting.

scholarly journals The nutritional quality of feedstuffs used in dairy goat nutrition in Vojvodina

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-178
Author(s):  
Snezana Paskas ◽  
Jelena Miocinovic ◽  
Branislav Vejnovic ◽  
Zsolt Becskei
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Dairy Goat ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Medicago Sativa L

The study was to conduct to evaluate the chemical composition and nutritive values of feedstuffs (forages and concentrate mixtures) used for dairy goats nutrition in Vojvodina. Samples were collected from six farms, including one organic farm. The results showed that the relative feed values of analyzed forages were in the range of good, medium to lower quality. Average protein content from lowest to highest for investigated forages was: corn silage (Zea Mays) (65.37-82.57g kg??DM), alfalfa haylage (Medicago sativa L.) (159.99-184.17g kg??DM), pasture (185.30g kg?? DM), and alfalfa hay (Medicago sativa L.) (167.48-203.60g kg??DM). The non-fibre carbohydrates and protein content most varied in organic hay samples (cv: 29.25% and 19.09%, respectively). Generally, feedstuffs used in organic nutrition, including organic concentrate, were of lower nutritional quality and moreover contained higher amounts of crude fibre and lignin. Especially, a high source of variation was observed in investigated concentrate mixtures for the crude protein content (p<0.0001), ranged from 135.32 to 209.87g kg??DM. Corn silages also varied substantially in their chemical composition and significant difference (p<0.05) was observed in regard to acid detergent fibre (ADF) and lignin content (ranged: ADF: 242.20-319.24g kg??DM; ADL: 27.98-52.54g kg??DM, respectively). Furthermore, pasture contained the most soluble materials during May and June and their content was related inversely to crude fibre amount. This survey highlights that investigated farms still pay insufficient attention to the quality of the feedstuff. For the development of intensive goat farming, greater emphasis should be placed on using higher quality feedstuffs, as well, standards for feed quality must be considered and established.

scholarly journals Effect of smoking, drying and the combination of smoking-drying on the nutritional and sensory attributes of catfish (Clarias gariepinus)

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
A. O Akinsola ◽  
O. A Idowu ◽  
G.O Akanbi ◽  
M. A Taiwo-Oshin
Keyword(s):  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Sensory Attributes ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Fresh Fish ◽  
Smoked Fish ◽  
Total Plate Count ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Harvesting ◽  
Proximate Analyses

Poor post harvesting technology such as handling, preservation and processing can lead to an unhealthy situation through massive spoilage and waste. This study assessed the effect of smoking, drying and the combination of smoking-drying on the nutritional and sensory attributes of catfish. Six kilograms of average fresh catfish were washed, eviscerated, drained, and divided into four portions of 1.5 kg each. Sample A served as control (fresh fish), while samples B, C, D were dried, smoked, dried and smoked fish respectively. Samples were analyzed using standard methods. The results of proximate analyses of samples showed that the moisture content ranged from 20.1 to 75.0 %, the protein content from 21.7 to 63.0 %, the fat content from 0.5 to 8.6 %, while the crude fibre ranged from 0.0 to 0.04 %. The total ash ranged from 1.1 to 4.9 %, while Carbohydrate (NFE) ranged from 0.1 to 3.5 %. Significant difference (p>0.05) was observed in the free fatty acids and pH of sample C compared to other samples. The total plate count ranged from 2.4 to 4.3x10-5 CFU/g. The sensory attributes result showed that sample D was the most preferred and acceptable. The study showed that dried-smoked fish had a better quality and was more preferred for consumption than singly dried or smoked catfish

scholarly journals Nutritional quality of Chinese cabbage from integrated culture

2008 ◽  
Vol 35 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 145-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Pokluda
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Cabbage ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Higher Plant ◽  
Cultivation System ◽  
Nitrates Content

The evaluation of nutritional quality of Chinese cabbage and the effects of cultivar, weed incidence, plant density and growing season were observed in integrated cultivation system. Mean contents of analysed compounds were as follows: 6% of dry matter, 10% of crude fibre, (in mg/kg of f.m.): 2,199 mg K, 289 mg Ca, 146 mg Mg, 111 mg Na, and 316 mg of vitamin C. Mean content of nitrates reached the value of 647 mg/kg. A significant effect of cultivar on the content of all observed substances in cabbage heads excluding magnesium was thus confirmed; however, a decrease of nitrates was found in the treatment with higher plant density. Weed cultivation caused slightly (insignificantly) higher nitrates content in cabbage heads by 100 mg/kg. Growing season showed a significant effect on content of some evaluated compounds. Integrated cultivation of Chinese cabbage could be an adequate approach to ensure nutritionally valuable products with low nitrates content.

scholarly journals Obesity-induced Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults: a Microvascular Perspective

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priya Balasubramanian ◽  
Tamas Kiss ◽  
Stefano Tarantini ◽  
Ádám Nyúl-Tóth ◽  
Chetan Ahire ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The United States ◽  
Potential Contribution ◽  
Blood Brain Barrier Disruption ◽  
Brain Barrier Disruption ◽  
Microvascular Rarefaction

Over two thirds of individuals aged 65 and older are obese or overweight in the United States. Epidemiological data show an association between the degree of adiposity and cognitive dysfunction in the elderly. In this review, the pathophysiological roles of microvascular mechanisms, including impaired endothelial function and neurovascular coupling responses, microvascular rarefaction and blood-brain barrier disruption in the genesis of cognitive impairment in geriatric obesity are considered. The potential contribution of adipose-derived factors and fundamental cellular and molecular mechanisms of senescence to exacerbated obesity-induced cerebromicrovascular impairment and cognitive decline in aging are discussed.

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