scholarly journals Altruistic or Egocentric, or even Hypocritic? - A Cross-Cultural Study of the Safety Priority Choice of Autonomous Car

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaharu Mizumoto ◽  
Ono, Shigeharu ◽  
Okazaki, Yumi ◽  
Kanetsuna, Keigo
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Cultural Study ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cross Cultural Study ◽  
Safety Priority ◽  
Japan And China

How should the autonomous car behave when faced with an unavoidable accident? In particular, in situations where either the driver or the pedestrian will inevitably be killed, whose safety should the autonomous car prioritize? There can be cases in which sacrificing the driver would be the best solution to maximize lives and minimize deaths. And we also need to consider the possibility that the victim could be ourselves. In this cross-cultural study with participants from US, Japan, and China, we investigated the drivers' safety setting preferences and found some interesting cultural differences in such preferences.

scholarly journals Altruistic or Egocentric, or even Hypocritic? - A Cross-Cultural Study of the Safety Priority Choice of Autonomous Car

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaharu Mizumoto ◽  
Ono, Shigeharu ◽  
Okazaki, Yumi ◽  
Kanetsuna, Keigo
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Cultural Study ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cross Cultural Study ◽  
Safety Priority ◽  
Japan And China

How should the autonomous car behave when faced with an unavoidable accident? In particular, in situations where either the driver or the pedestrian will inevitably be killed, whose safety should the autonomous car prioritize? There can be cases in which sacrificing the driver would be the best solution to maximize lives and minimize deaths. And we also need to consider the possibility that the victim could be ourselves. In this cross-cultural study with participants from US, Japan, and China, we investigated the drivers' safety setting preferences and found some interesting cultural differences in such preferences.

A Cross-Cultural Study of Inpatient Alcoholics in Japan and China

1994 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 737-744
Author(s):  
Kenichi Harada ◽  
Wang Zu-chang ◽  
Yoshihiko Kaneko ◽  
Fang Yi-Ru ◽  
Xu He-Ding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Study ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cross Cultural Study ◽  
Japan And China

scholarly journals Perception of facial emotional expressions by representatives of Asian and European cultural groups

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 116-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.G. Khoze ◽  
O.A. Korolkova ◽  
N.Yu. Zhizhnikova ◽  
M.V. Zubareva
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Cultural Study ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Emotional Expressions ◽  
Cultural Group ◽  
Cultural Groups ◽  
Basic Emotions ◽  
Cross Cultural Differences ◽  
Cross Cultural Study

The article presents the results of a cross-cultural study of the perception of basic emotional expressions by representatives of Asian and European cultural groups and compares them with the results obtained earlier on Russian sample. Emotional expressions from VEPEL database (Kurakova, 2012) were used as stimuli. We revealed invariant perception within a cultural group and cross-cultural differences in perception of the basic emotions of fear, disgust and anger between Asian and Russian cultural groups; in perception of surprise, fear, disgust and anger between European and Russian cultural groups; and in perception of fear, sadness, disgust and anger between European and Asian cultural groups.

Self-Concept: A Cross-Cultural Study

1976 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas P. Weinland ◽  
Robert K. Gable ◽  
Ole Varming
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Cultural Study ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Personal Attributes ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Educational Differences ◽  
Cross Cultural Study ◽  
American Students

Self-concept differences between 190 American and 98 Danish 5th and 6th grade suburban students were examined in light of known societal and educational differences. Danish males and American females reported significantly higher self-confidence in personal attributes; American students reported higher achieving in school scores than Danish students. Results are discussed in the context of cultural differences; further areas of investigation are offered.

scholarly journals Cultural Differences in Emoticon Perception: Japanese See the Eyes and Dutch the Mouth of Emoticons

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-45
Author(s):  
Hisako Yamamoto ◽  
Misako Kawahara ◽  
Mariska Kret ◽  
Akihiro Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Cultural Study ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cross Cultural Study

This study investigated cultural differences in the perception of emoticons between Japanese and Dutch participants. We manipulated the eyes and mouth of emoticons independently and asked participants to evaluate the emotion of each emoticon. The results show that Japanese participants tended to focus on the emotion expressed with the eyes while Dutch participants put weight on the shape of the mouth when evaluating emoticons. This tendency is consistent with a previous cross-cultural study comparing people from Japan and the United States (Yuki et al., 2007).

scholarly journals Utilitarian or Hedonic? A Cross Cultural Study in Online Shopping

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hilal Ozen ◽  
Nil Kodaz
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Cultural Study ◽  
Online Shopping ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cross Cultural Differences ◽  
Cross Cultural Study ◽  
Online Retailers ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Irreversible Effect ◽  
Buying Behaviors

With the irreversible effect of globalization, a growing number of websites today sell their products to more than one country. The effects of cross cultural differences on buying behaviors are widely acknowledged. Therefore, a consideration about attracting and retaining online consumers from different countries and cultures is gaining importance. This paper examines the roles of hedonic and utilitarian values in online shopping by comparing cross culturally the Turkish and US consumers. A total of 264 students from Turkey and USA participated in the survey. The findings showed that the online shopping behaviors of Turkish and USA consumers differ according to their hedonic and utilitarian values. While Turkish consumers use online retailers to socialize with others, the USA people use online shopping for relaxation purposes.

scholarly journals Take-Over Time: A Cross-Cultural Study of Take-Over Responses in Highly Automated Driving

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (17) ◽  
pp. 7959
Author(s):  
Gregor Strle ◽  
Yilun Xing ◽  
Erika E. Miller ◽  
Linda Ng Boyle ◽  
Jaka Sodnik
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Cultural Study ◽  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Automated Driving ◽  
Secondary Tasks ◽  
Safe Driving ◽  
Cross Cultural Study ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Highly Automated Driving

The article presents a cross-cultural study of take-over performance in highly automated driving. As take-over performance is an important measure of safe driving, potential cultural differences could have important implications for the future development of automated vehicles. The study was conducted in two culturally different locations, Seattle, WA (n = 20) and Ljubljana, Slovenia (n = 18), using a driving simulator. While driving, participants voluntarily engaged in secondary tasks. The take-over request (TOR) was triggered at a specific time during the drive, and take-over time and type of response (none, brake, steer) were measured for each participant. Results show significant differences in take-over performance between the two locations. In Seattle 30% of participants in Seattle did not respond to TOR; the remaining 70% responded by braking only, compared to Slovenian participants who all responded by either braking or steering. Participants from Seattle responded significantly more slowly to TOR (M = +1285 ms) than Slovenian participants. Secondary task engagement at TOR also had an effect, with distracted US participants’ response taking significantly longer (M = +1596 ms) than Slovenian participants. Reported differences in take-over performance may indicate cultural differences in driving behavior and trust in automated driving.

A Cross-cultural Study of Preschoolers' Attachment: Security and Sensitivity in Japanese and US Dyads

1996 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ichiro Mizuta ◽  
Carolyn Zahn-Waxler ◽  
Pamela M. Cole ◽  
Noriko Hiruma
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Cultural Study ◽  
Attachment Security ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Rating System ◽  
Child Rearing ◽  
Japanese Children ◽  
Cross Cultural Study ◽  
Us Children ◽  
Maternal Child

Japanese and US 4- and 5-year-old children and their mothers were studied in situations designed to examine attachment-related behaviours, feelings, and representations. Separation and reunion behaviours, conversations about separation, and child-rearing patterns were examined in relation to culture, gender, and internalising symptoms. Japanese and US dyads did not differ in overall levels of security and sensitivity in separation and reunion behaviours, based on a rating system developed by Crowell, Feldman, and Ginsberg, (1988). However, Japanese children showed more amae (desire for bodily closeness) behaviour than US children. Amae was positively correlated with internalising symptoms for US children but not for Japanese children. Cultural differences in dyads' discussions of separation issues and in maternal child-rearing patterns also were identified.

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