scholarly journals Endoscopic airway equipment part 1: physical principles

Author(s):  
R Hofmeyr ◽  
A Elhouni

The use of advanced endoscopic airway equipment has become increasingly important to the provision of safe anaesthesia for patients with complex anatomical and pathological conditions. Fundamental to the correct selection and use of the equipment is an understanding of the physical properties underlying its construction and function. This relies primarily on conventional optics, fibreoptics, video sensors and light-emitting diode technology.

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheung-Hwa Hsu

The present invention relates to an infant remote monitoring system, in particular, to one that monitors the heat from the breath of a baby to aid in the prevention of sudden infant death syndrome caused by asphyxia. This innovative device monitors the airflow frequency and temperature of the infant’s breathing using thermosensors. These airflow frequencies, linked with respiratory rates, are indicated on the monitor. The key advantage of this innovation is that it requires absolutely no contact with the baby’s skin, thereby preventing skin irritations and reducing infant discomfort normally found with traditional monitors. The system detects temperature changes induced by breathing and analyzes the breathing frequency changes, displaying the data on both a computer monitor and a light emitting diode array. Data are collected and analyzed simultaneously via personal computer, which can be linked to the central nursery room’s monitoring system. This device provides a convenient way for pediatricians or nurses to detect abnormalities in respiratory frequency in real time, so they can identify and respond to any emergency as it happens and give appropriate treatment immediately. Ten clinical cases were analyzed, and function validation of the device was performed as well.


2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1774
Author(s):  
Young In Lee ◽  
Eunjung Lee ◽  
Kee-Hyun Nam ◽  
Dong Yeob Shin ◽  
Jihee Kim ◽  
...  

Home-use light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are attracting growing attention regarding their anti-aging effects. Although most previous studies on the use of LED devices as a form of low-level laser therapy reported no significant adverse events, questions regarding the safety of using a light source on secretory tissues have been raised. This study aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of a home-use LED device for neck skin rejuvenation, particularly regarding its effect on thyroid gland morphology and function. Thyroid function tests and ultrasonographic analyses showed no significant changes after 16 weeks of LED use. Evaluation using the Lemperle wrinkle scale and global improvement scales by both investigators and subjects showed significant improvement after 16 weeks of daily application, as well as 8 weeks after discontinuation. Biophysical parameters, such as hydration, elasticity, and density, also showed significant improvements. Hence, the long-term use of the LED device was safe and effective for neck rejuvenation, and showed no significant side effects on the adjacent thyroid and parathyroid glands.


2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  

КЛЮЧЕВЫЕ СЛОВА: НИЗКОВОЛЬТНЫЕ СВЕТОДИОДНЫЕ СВЕТИЛЬНИКИ, СТАБИЛИЗАЦИЯ РАБОЧЕГО ТОКА И СВЕТОВОГО ПОТОКА, РАЗМЕРЫ ПТИЧНИКОВ, РАВНОМЕРНОСТЬ ОСВЕЩЕННОСТИ ПТИЧНИКОВ АННОТАЦИЯ: Изучены физические принципы и технические основы современной организации низковольтного светодиодного освещения в птичниках. Рассмотрены технические решения обеспечения равномерности освещения в птичнике за счет сохранения одинакового светового потока низковольтных светодиодных светильников при их различной удаленности от источников питания. THE UNIFORMITY OF LIGHTING WITHIN A POULTRY HOUSE WITH LOW-VOLTAGE POWER SUPPLY OF LED LAMPS GLADIN D.V.1, KAVTARASHVILI A.SH.2 1 TECHNOSVET GROUP, Ltd 2 Federal Scientific Center “All-Russian Research and Technological Institute of Poultry” of Russian Academy of Sciences The physical principles and technical design of modern LED lighting systems with low-voltage power supply for poultry houses are summarized. The technical decisions providing the uniformity of lighting within a poultry house are described involving the maintenance of uniform luminous power of low-voltage LED lamps mounted at different distances from the power source. Keywords: LOW-VOLTAGE LIGHT-EMITTING DIODE (LED) LAMPS, STABILIZATION OF OPERATING CURRENT AND LUMINOUS POWER, SIZE OF POULTRY HOUSE, UNIFORMITY OF LIGHTING WITHIN POULTRY HOUSE


2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. eaaw5296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Zhang ◽  
Aaron D. Mickle ◽  
Philipp Gutruf ◽  
Lisa A. McIlvried ◽  
Hexia Guo ◽  
...  

Studies of the peripheral nervous system rely on controlled manipulation of neuronal function with pharmacologic and/or optogenetic techniques. Traditional hardware for these purposes can cause notable damage to fragile nerve tissues, create irritation at the biotic/abiotic interface, and alter the natural behaviors of animals. Here, we present a wireless, battery-free device that integrates a microscale inorganic light-emitting diode and an ultralow-power microfluidic system with an electrochemical pumping mechanism in a soft platform that can be mounted onto target peripheral nerves for programmed delivery of light and/or pharmacological agents in freely moving animals. Biocompliant designs lead to minimal effects on overall nerve health and function, even with chronic use in vivo. The small size and light weight construction allow for deployment as fully implantable devices in mice. These features create opportunities for studies of the peripheral nervous system outside of the scope of those possible with existing technologies.


2020 ◽  
pp. 144-148

Chaos synchronization of delayed quantum dot light emitting diode has been studied theortetically which are coupled via the unidirectional and bidirectional. at synchronization of chaotic, The dynamics is identical with delayed optical feedback for those coupling methods. Depending on the coupling parameters and delay time the system exhibits complete synchronization, . Under proper conditions, the receiver quantum dot light emitting diode can be satisfactorily synchronized with the transmitter quantum dot light emitting diode due to the optical feedback effect.


2019 ◽  
pp. 101-107
Author(s):  
Sergei A. Stakharny

This article is a review of the new light source – organic LEDs having prospects of application in general and special lighting systems. The article describes physical principles of operation of organic LEDs, their advantages and principal differences from conventional non-organic LEDs and other light sources. Also the article devoted to contemporary achievements and prospects of development of this field in the spheres of both general and museum lighting as well as other spheres where properties of organic LEDs as high-quality light sources may be extremely useful.


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