scholarly journals Reproductive biology of flowering plants and problems of rational nature management

2020 ◽  
pp. 15-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. V. Shevchenko ◽  
Yu. V. Plugatar
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Biology ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Plant Reproduction ◽  
Flowering Plants ◽  
Nature Management ◽  
Nature Protection ◽  
Seed Formation ◽  
Reproduction System ◽  
The Crimea ◽  
Reproductive Processes

The paper presents the results of the study of reproductive biology of a number of valuable plants introduced to the South of Russia, as well as rare species of flora of the Crimea. Comparative analysis and understanding of the processes of generative structures formation, pollination, fertilization and seed formation of representatives of different families (Anacardiaceae, Annonaceae, Ericaceae, Magnoliaceae, Rosaceae, Rhambaceae, Davidiaceae, Nyssaceae) allowed to establish some regularities in the reproduction system, to make a conclusion about the systematic affiliation and rather high reproductive potential of the studied species. The possibilities of using knowledge of reproductive processes of flowering plants in solving various biological problems: systematics and phylogeny, identifying patterns of formation of generative structures, determining the strategy of reproduction and conservation of plant diversity, the importance of antecological aspects in plant reproduction, breeding and nature protection are shown. The material is of scientific interest to specialists in various fields.

scholarly journals Studies of reproductive biology of seed plants in the Nikita Botanical Gardens

2019 ◽  
pp. 177-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. V. Shevchenko ◽  
Yu. V. Plugatar
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Biology ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Critical Periods ◽  
Seed Formation ◽  
Current State ◽  
Weak Exchange ◽  
Pollinating Insects ◽  
The Relationship

The paper presents the results of study the reproductive biology of a number of higher plants and shows the features of the formation of their generative structures, pollination, fertilization and seed formation. It has been established that the studied species have a high reproductive potential, they are characterized by the conjugacy in the development of male and female gametophyte and gametogenesis, the relationship and relevance of the development of flower elements and pollinating insects, etc. It is indicated that the limiting factors of high productive reproduction and reproduction of the studied plants are anomalies of the processes of formation of generative structures that occur during critical periods under the influence of extreme environmental factors, weak exchange of genetic information due to discontinuity of the area and small number of cenopopulations, as well as human impact. It is shown that the current state of natural cenopopulations of the studied rare species of the Crimean flora necessitates the development and strict observance of scientifically based measures for their protection.

scholarly journals Reproductive health research in Australia and New Zealand: highlights from the Annual Meeting of the Society for Reproductive Biology, 2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (7) ◽  
pp. 637
Author(s):  
Amy Winship ◽  
Jacqueline Donoghue ◽  
Brendan J. Houston ◽  
Jacinta H. Martin ◽  
Tessa Lord ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Reproductive Biology ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Female Reproductive Tract ◽  
New Findings ◽  
Patient Advocates ◽  
Breeding Efficiency ◽  
Reproductive Processes

The 2019 meeting of the Society for Reproductive Biology (SRB) provided a platform for the dissemination of new knowledge and innovations to improve reproductive health in humans, enhance animal breeding efficiency and understand the effect of the environment on reproductive processes. The effects of environment and lifestyle on fertility and animal behaviour are emerging as the most important modern issues facing reproductive health. Here, we summarise key highlights from recent work on endocrine-disrupting chemicals and diet- and lifestyle-induced metabolic changes and how these factors affect reproduction. This is particularly important to discuss in the context of potential effects on the reproductive potential that may be imparted to future generations of humans and animals. In addition to key summaries of new work in the male and female reproductive tract and on the health of the placenta, for the first time the SRB meeting included a workshop on endometriosis. This was an important opportunity for researchers, healthcare professionals and patient advocates to unite and provide critical updates on efforts to reduce the effect of this chronic disease and to improve the welfare of the women it affects. These new findings and directions are captured in this review.

scholarly journals Understanding plant reproductive diversity

2010 ◽  
Vol 365 (1537) ◽  
pp. 99-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Spencer C. H. Barrett
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Biology ◽  
Flowering Plants ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Wind Pollination ◽  
Evolutionary Patterns ◽  
Evolutionary Transitions ◽  
Floral Diversity ◽  
Self Fertilization ◽  
Personal Reflections ◽  
Animal Pollination

Flowering plants display spectacular floral diversity and a bewildering array of reproductive adaptations that promote mating, particularly outbreeding. A striking feature of this diversity is that related species often differ in pollination and mating systems, and intraspecific variation in sexual traits is not unusual, especially among herbaceous plants. This variation provides opportunities for evolutionary biologists to link micro-evolutionary processes to the macro-evolutionary patterns that are evident within lineages. Here, I provide some personal reflections on recent progress in our understanding of the ecology and evolution of plant reproductive diversity. I begin with a brief historical sketch of the major developments in this field and then focus on three of the most significant evolutionary transitions in the reproductive biology of flowering plants: the pathway from outcrossing to predominant self-fertilization, the origin of separate sexes (females and males) from hermaphroditism and the shift from animal pollination to wind pollination. For each evolutionary transition, I consider what we have discovered and some of the problems that still remain unsolved. I conclude by discussing how new approaches might influence future research in plant reproductive biology.

The productive and reproductive biology of flowering plants

1975 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 281-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shoichi Kawano ◽  
Yukio Nagai
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Biology ◽  
Flowering Plants

scholarly journals The basin-landscape approach to the protection and condition optimization of the lakes of the national parks

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
National Parks ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Ecological Status ◽  
Nature Management ◽  
Lake Basin ◽  
Landscape Approach ◽  
Nature Protection ◽  
Landscape Characteristics ◽  
Condition Optimization ◽  
Basin System

The essence of the basin-landscape approach to the protection of the lakes of the national parks as an actual direction of research, which is formed at the junction of nature protection landscaping, hydrology and geoecology has been substantiated. The research algorithm, peculiarities of analysis and assessment of the status of the lake-basin system (LBS) have been found out, the factors that worsen the geo-ecological state in the lake and basin subsystems have been revealed, optimization measures in the objects of the nature reserve fund located within the natural reserve have been substantiated. The purpose of the study is to determine the parameters of the structure of lake-basin landscapes (on the example of Zasvitske lake, Nobel National Natural Park, Ukraine), liminary and landscape-metric indicators of the geo-ecological status of the LBS and the factors influencing it as an information and analytical basis for ensuring the protection and management of the LBS located in nature conservation area. The materials of the study were the long-term field landscape-limnological and geo-ecological studies of the authors within the Polesia region of Ukraine and, in particular, the LBS of the Nobel National Nature Park. The research methodology was based on complex physical-geographical methods, hydrological profiling and creation of bathymetric models of reservoirs, hydrochemical diagnostics of water masses of the lakes, geochemical analyses of bottom sediments, landscape mapping using GIS-technologies. The results of geo-ecological (landscape-ecological) researches of the lake-basin system of Zasvitske lake have been presented, in particular, original profiles and bathymetric model of the reservoir, landscape maps of the aqual complex and the lake catchment, limno- and landscape characteristics of the LBS have been shown. Considering the level of anthropogenic transformations of the LBS and the presence of a high proportion of ecologically-stabilizing lands (forests, reservoirs of natural origin), the level of sustainability of the LBS is estimated as high. An assessment of the hydrological characteristics of the reservoir and hydrochemical characteristics allows to attribute this lake to an oligotrophic type. The results of a comprehensive analysis of the geo-ecological parameters of the state of Zasvitske lake and its landscape-limnological functioning indicate the expediency of recreational specialization of nature management in the Nobel National Park, that includes this lake. Scientific novelty. The application of proposed landscape-basin approach and the algorithm of the LBS study increase the possibilities of functional zoning of national parks with high index of lakes, as well as solving the problems of nature protection and optimization of nature management. Practical importance. The created electronic landscape maps and the base of limnometric parameters can be used as reference documents for the certification and cadastral evaluation of the transboundary protected areas of Ramsar type, geo-ecological monitoring and an integrated management of lakes by the basin approach in conditions of intense climate change.

scholarly journals Does increased information about reproductive potential result in better prediction of recruitment?

2011 ◽  
Vol 68 (8) ◽  
pp. 1361-1368 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Joanne Morgan ◽  
Alfonso Perez-Rodriguez ◽  
Fran Saborido-Rey
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Biology ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Gadus Morhua ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Greenland Halibut ◽  
Greenland Halibut Reinhardtius Hippoglossoides ◽  
Difficult Challenge ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Hippoglossoides Platessoides

The relationship between stock size and recruitment is an essential element in the understanding of the productivity of a population. However, predicting the number of recruits produced by a population has proven to be a difficult challenge. This may in part be a result of poor estimation of reproductive potential (RP). We determined if including increased information on reproductive biology in indices of RP results in better predictions of recruitment. We investigated some of the conditions that lead to better (or worse) recruitment prediction when more biologically complex indices of RP are used. Data from four populations in the Northwest Atlantic were examined: southern Grand Bank (NAFO Division 3NO) cod ( Gadus morhua ), Flemish Cap (NAFO Division 3M) cod, Newfoundland (NAFO Division 3LNO) American plaice ( Hippoglossoides platessoides ), and Greenland halibut ( Reinhardtius hippoglossoides ) (NAFO Subarea 2 + Division 3KLMNO). Stock–recruit models paired with complex indices of RP gave a better estimate of recruitment in slightly more than half of the tests conducted. When there were larger trends in the reproductive biology (maturity at age, sex ratio and egg production), more complex indices of RP were more likely to provide a better estimate of recruitment.

scholarly journals Common Law Principles of Environmental Protection of the Mordovians

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 21-27
Author(s):  
Yulia N. Sushkova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Legal Culture ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Nature Management ◽  
Nature Protection ◽  
Equal Distribution ◽  
Public Property ◽  
Legal Method

Purpose. The author examines the essence of the fundamental customary legal principles of nature protection in the traditional legal culture of the Mordovian people, because each nation, including the Mordovians, had a kind of unwritten environmental code, which usually prescribed a careful attitude to nature, environmental resources, allowed to take only as much as was necessary for a person to live, etc. Methodology: the article is written using a legal-anthropological approach to understanding the basic principles of customary law in the field of environmental relations. The author used the historical-legal method of scientific knowledge, as well as analysis and synthesis. Conclusions. Customary law recorded historically established and sustainable ways of using objects of the animal and plant world and other natural resources that ensure inexhaustible use of natural resources. The main object of nature management was considered land and, accordingly, the most important direction of traditional management — agriculture. Traditional customary views on public property “gifts of nature”, the equal distribution of natural resources in terms of socio-economic transformation and development of the official legislation of the Russian state lost its primary importance, but their nature as a key started people’s sense of justice still retains a lot of potential. Scientific and practical significance. The study of customary law and its individual branches allows us to identify the fundamental principles of traditional legal culture, which have not lost their significance to this day. Understanding the depth of legal views of a particular ethnic group can help improve the domestic legal system.

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