HETEROSIS AND GRAIN YIELD AND COMPONENT IT BY USE (LINE×TESTER) OF INBRED LINES MAIZE

A field experiment was conducted at Northwest of Ramadi .Ten inbred lines by using Line×tester mating method. On spring season 2018 seeds were planted, at an thesis crossing between inbreds and tester was done. On fall season 2018 for crosses and parents using RCBD with three replications to evaluate and estimate heterosis. The results of statistical analysis for these parents and their crosses were highly significant differences for all traits. Genetic analysis shows superiority the inbred KR640 was best for plant height 183.16 cm, number of grain/row 34.34 grain and grain yield 148.43 g .The tester A105 gave high value in grain yield was 145.62 g . The cross (B73 × IK8) gave high leaves area 0.511 cm, no of grain per rows 39.21grain and grain yield 217.05 g. The crosses (B73 × IK8) gave highly positive hybrid vigor to better parent and mid parent for no. of grain per rows was %28.21 and %42.24 grain yield was %79.10 and %81.71. we can conclude the possibility of using superior inbreeds to produce hybrids or use selection for it and produce synthetic varieties.

Download Full-text

EFFECT OF SPRAYING WITH DIFFERENT CONCENTRATION OF LICORICE EXTRACT AND PLANT DENSITIES IN GROWTH AND YIELD OF SORGHUM BICOLOR L.

IRAQI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES ◽

10.36103/ijas.v50i6.835 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 50 (6) ◽

Author(s):

Al-Mohmadi & Al-Ani

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Plant Density ◽

Foliar Application ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Spring Season ◽

Area Index ◽

Fall Season ◽

High Plant Density ◽

Plant Densities

A field experiment was condueted at the experimental Farm, College of Agriculture University of AL-Anbar in replace location (Abu-Gheaib) in spring season of 2017. While in Fall season it was applied at AL-saqluwiya-Anbar Province 10 km west north of Falluga city to study the effect of four levels of licorice extractor (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.) (0,2,4 and 6) g.L-1 water and three (53,333, 66,666 and 88,888 plant) plant.ha-1. On growth and grain yield of Sorghum cv. Rabih. The experiment was applied using R.C.B.D. arranged in split plots with three replications. levels of plant densities were used as main-plot, while licorice extractor were used as sub-plot. Foliar application of licorice extractor was applied during vegetative growth. The results showed that, high plant density (88888) plant.h-1 significantly increase plant height and leaf area index, while most of traits were not significantly influenced by plant density including grain yield. Results revealed that foliar application of licorice extractor with 2,4,6 g.L-1 of water significantly influenced grain yield in spring season compane with control treatment and it is amounted to (9.62, 9.55 and 9.78) t.h-1 respectively. There were significant interaction between Licorice extractor and plant density in spring and fall season in grain yield. The higher grain yield of 10.31 and 10.33 t.h-1 were obtained when sorghum plants were sowing at hight density and sprayed with Licorice extractor at level 4 g.L-1 respectively

Download Full-text

Genetic Analysis for Grain Yield and Some Agronomic Traits in Some New White Maize Inbred Lines by Using Line X Tester Analysis

Alexandria Journal of Agricultural Sciences ◽

10.21608/alexja.2019.80487 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 64 (5) ◽

pp. 309-317

Author(s):

Gamea H.A.A.

Keyword(s):

Genetic Analysis ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Agronomic Traits ◽

Inbred Lines ◽

Maize Inbred Lines

Download Full-text

FLOWERING SYNDROME – HYBRID PERFORMANCE RELATIONSHIP IN MAIZE 1- Field traits and growth rates

IRAQI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES ◽

10.36103/ijas.v47i4.518 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 47 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Al- Khazaali & et al.

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Growth Traits ◽

Block Design ◽

Inbred Lines ◽

High Yield ◽

Late Flowering ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Four Seasons ◽

Selection For

In order to identify the role of selection for early and late silking on the inbred lines from Maize (Zea Mays L.) regarding the grain yield of the consequent hybrids. Filed experiment for four seasons (spring and full 2014 and 2015) was conducted in the experimental field of Field Crop Dept., Coll. of Agric., Univ. of Baghdad. Four inbred lines (Zm19, Zm32, Zm51 and Zm61) and two testers (Zm21 late and Zm60 early silking) were used. In the first two seasons, the seeds of the four inbred lines were planted, first 10 plants that flowered early and 10 plants that flowered late were selected and the seeds of the selected plants were multiplied. The seeds of the early and late selected inbred lines were planted in the third season and crossed with testers. Crosses from the early and late flowering were produced and their seeds were cultivated in the last season. Comparison in some field and growth traits were conducted among the crosses. The experiments laid out in completely randomized block design (RCBD) at three replicates. Selection for early and late flowering parents has induced significant differences in days to flowering for all crosses and ranged between 62 days for early parents and 66 days for late parents. Also, significant differences were shown in several traits, the most prominent were crop’s and seed’s growth rate (CGR and SGR ), that correlated with seed filling duration (SFD), which contributed to increase the deposition of the dry matter into the grain for a longer period, which gave a high grain yield (GY). CGR of outstanding crosses ranged from 3.18 to 6.21 g.m-2.day, SGR ranged between 2.3 to 7.3 g. m-2.day, and the SFD between 35-38 days. In parallel, the testers (Zm21 late and Zm60 early silking) have significantly differed in their effect on the traits of some derived crosses, where the results showed significant superiority of the crosses Zm32Zm60 resulted from crossing the tester Zm60 with early silking parents selected from inbred line Zm32 on the crosses Zm32Zm21 resulted from crossing the tester Zm21 with the same parents of Zm32 in the traits of Total Dry Matter (TDM) (1.85 kg.m-2), CGR (18.28 g.m-2.day), Harvest Index (HI) (0.56), and SGR (3.3 g.m-2.day). It can be conclude that selection for early and late silking inbred lines, as well as the effect of the early and late silking tester have a great importance in deriving hybrids of a high yield and distinct in several traits, which are all significantly contributing in increasing the GY.

Download Full-text

EFFECT OF GRAIN MOISTURE OF CORN AT HARVESTING ON SOME AGRONOMIC TRAITS

IRAQI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES ◽

10.36103/ijas.v47i5.514 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 47 (5) ◽

Author(s):

Baktash & Alkazaali

Keyword(s):

Moisture Content ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Seed Production ◽

Agronomic Traits ◽

Field Crop ◽

Spring Season ◽

College Of Agriculture ◽

Fall Season ◽

Moisture Contents ◽

Grain Moisture

This research was conducted during spring and fall seasons, 2015 , at the fields of Field Crop Department – College of Agriculture –University of Baghdad . The objective was to study the effect of grain moisture at harvesting on some agronomic traits of the corn next generation , by using synthetic variety 5018 . In spring season 2015 , seeds of this variety was planted ,when moisture of the ear grains was (37-42%) , ten ears were harvested. Ear harvesting dates were performed manually when the grains had 37-42% , 34-36% , 30-33% , 25- 28% and 19-22% moisture content. In fall season 2015 , varietal trail was carried out to the five treatment materials , using Randomized Complete Bock Design , with four replicates. The results revealed , that non significant differences between treatments (19-22)% and (25-28)% , in all the studied traits . The plants grown from the seeds of (25-28)%, were produced highest vegetative mass (116.30 g.plant-1) , total dray matter (269 g. plant-1) and total dray matter ( 1.80 kg.m-2 ) . Highest grain yield ( 1.07 kg.m-2 ) and harvesting index ( 0.63) were produced from plants grown from seeds harvested with (19-22)% moisture content . It can be concluded that the best moisture contents of the grains for seed production was (19-28)%.

Download Full-text

Genetic Techniques in Flatfish Culture

Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada ◽

10.1139/f76-136 ◽

1976 ◽

Vol 33 (4) ◽

pp. 1088-1093 ◽

Cited By ~ 37

Author(s):

C. E. Purdom

Keyword(s):

Fish Farming ◽

Inbred Lines ◽

Hybrid Vigor ◽

Fish Culture ◽

Common Phenomenon ◽

F1 Hybrid ◽

Hybrid Production ◽

Environmental Component ◽

Genetic Techniques ◽

Selection For

Selection for improved growth rate does not appear to be feasible in flatfish because the environmental component of variation is very large. Selection for other characters has not been studied. The development of inbred lines, and their use in F1 hybrid production, seems warranted in fish farming if only as a means of avoiding inbreeding depression of fitness. Gynogenesis may be a practical means for accelerating the rate of inbreeding in fish. Induced triploidy is a potentially useful technique in fish culture in that it prevents sexual maturation and limits the depression of growth associated with this. Hybridization is a common phenomenon among fish and can lead to a form of hybrid vigor. Its application in fish culture may be limited by marketing problems where fish are sold under a specific name.

Download Full-text

Genetic Performance of Inbred and Hybrids of Maize Under Irrigation Interval

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/904/1/012001 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 904 (1) ◽

pp. 012001

Author(s):

Z Abdulhamed ◽

S A Abas ◽

A H Noaman ◽

N M Abood

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Block Design ◽

Diallel Cross ◽

Inbred Lines ◽

Hybrid Vigor ◽

Individual Plant ◽

Plant Breeder ◽

Irrigation Interval ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Half Diallel

Abstract A field experiment was carried out using four inbred lines of maize BK112, Inb17, ZP607 and Zm6, as they were entered into half-diallel cross-breeding program in the fall season 2019, and 10 genotypes (6 crosses + 4 parents) were obtained according to the second Griffing method, the first model, in the spring season of 2020, the behavior of these inbreds and their hybrids were evaluated with three irrigation intervals with the aim of obtaining one or more distinct hybrids of pure strains derived from maize Zea mays L. under the irrigation interval and the study of hybrid vigor. The experiment was carried out in the fields of a farmer in Anbar Governorate, using the RCBD randomized complete block design (split – plot) with three replications. The irrigation interval (4, 8 and 12) days occupied the main plots, while the inbred and hybrids occupied the sub-plots. The results of the statistical analysis showed a significant effect of genotypes on the studied traits. The studied hybrids Zm6 × ZP607 were distinguished by their weight of 300 grains and the grain yield (85.83 g and 186.70 g) respectively. The plants grown under the irrigation interval 4 days outperformed the grain yield of the plant by giving it the highest yield of 156.03 g. It did not differ significantly with the 8-day irrigation interval, while the yield decreased significantly at the 12-day irrigation interval with a decrease of 120.8% and 120.5% than the 4 and 8 irrigation treatments, respectively. It was also found that the interaction was significant and reached the highest grain yield with an irrigation interval of 8 days, 224.0 g. The hybrid Zm6 × ZP607 gave the highest positive hybrid vigor for individual plant yield, which was 119.24%, 126.72% and 166.05% for the irrigation interval of 4, 8 and 12 days, respectively. Therefore, the plant breeder can use the characteristics of the yield components as selection guides with the superior hybrids in yield and the strength of the hybrid.

Download Full-text

Genetic Analysis of Grain Yield and its Components of Maize (Zea mays L.) Inbred Lines

International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ◽

10.20546/ijcmas.2017.607.163 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (7) ◽

pp. 1366-1372 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Padma Lay ◽

A.K. Razdan

Keyword(s):

Zea Mays ◽

Genetic Analysis ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Zea Mays L ◽

Inbred Lines

Download Full-text

Genetic diversity and inter-trait relationship of tropical extra-early maturing quality protein maize inbred lines under low soil nitrogen stress

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0252506 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (6) ◽

pp. e0252506

Author(s):

Pearl Abu ◽

Baffour Badu-Apraku ◽

Beatrice E. Ifie ◽

Pangirayi Tongoona ◽

Leander D. Melomey ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Population Structure ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Soil Nitrogen ◽

Inbred Lines ◽

Indirect Selection ◽

Genetic Distances ◽

Quality Protein Maize ◽

Tryptophan Content ◽

Selection For

Information on the genetic diversity, population structure, and trait associations of germplasm resources is crucial for predicting hybrid performance. The objective of this study was to dissect the genetic diversity and population structure of extra-early yellow and orange quality protein maize (QPM) inbred lines and identify secondary traits for indirect selection for enhanced grain yield under low-soil nitrogen (LN). One hundred and ten inbred lines were assessed under LN (30 kg ha -1) and assayed for tryptophan content. The lines were genotyped using 2500 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. Majority (85.4%) of the inbred lines exhibited wide pairwise genetic distances between 0.4801 and 0.600. Genetic distances were wider between yellow and orange endosperm lines and predicted high heterosis in crosses between parents of different endosperm colors. The unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) and the admixture model-based population structure method both grouped the lines into five clusters. The clustering was based on endosperm color, pedigree, and selection history but not on LN tolerance or tryptophan content. Genotype by trait biplot analysis revealed association of grain yield with plant height and ear height. TZEEQI 394 and TZEEIORQ 73A had high expressivity for these traits. Indirect selection for high grain yield among the inbred lines could be achieved using plant and ear heights as selection criteria. The wide genetic variability observed in this study suggested that the inbred lines could be important sources of beneficial alleles for LN breeding programs in SSA.

Download Full-text

Inheritance of Internode Length and its Relation to Head Exsertion and Head Size in Broccoli

Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science ◽

10.21273/jashs.120.2.292 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 120 (2) ◽

pp. 292-296 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

James R. Baggett ◽

Deborah Kean ◽

Kathryn Kasimor

Keyword(s):

Plant Height ◽

Inbred Lines ◽

Internode Length ◽

Hybrid Vigor ◽

Principal Characteristic ◽

Parent Plant ◽

Head Weight ◽

Total Plant ◽

High Head ◽

Selection For

Broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. Italica Group) lines with heads borne above the foliage (exserted) favorably for mechanical harvest were crossed with inbred lines with nonexserted heads. Length of the heads, defined as the portion of the plant above the highest major leaf, was ≈50% of the total plant height in short and tall parents and all plants of the F1, F2, and backcross generations. The principal characteristic identified with good head exsertion was long internodes. Internode length was inherited mostly in an additive manner, with some effect of hybrid vigor apparent in the F1, F2, and backcross to the tall parent. Plant height was also inherited in an additive manner. Head weight in the high-exsertion parent was much lower than in the low-exsertion parent. Within each parent and the F1, head weight was greater in plants with longer internodes and greater plant height. In the segregating generations (F2 and backcross), head weight increased with decreasing internode length, indicating that selection for high head exsertion would result in smaller heads and reduced yield.

Download Full-text