scholarly journals Welcome to the Ziggurat Journal of Materials Technology - a New Open Access Journal

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jürgen Bast
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Technological Progress ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Open Access Journal ◽  
Human Society ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Global Population

Dear readers, authors and colleagues, Technological progress plays an essential role in the development of human society. The increasing global population and its mobility, the expansion of urban areas, climate protection and the conservation of fossil resources present challenges that can only be overcome by the improvement of existing resources and the development of new components, materials and production processes. Conventional materials have quickly reached their limit as new mechanisms are developed. These fields of application require the supply of new materials working in aggressive environments at extreme temperatures and high stress. These new materials are also expected to automatically alert us when critical loads are reached to avoid accidents caused by failures. This is the first issue of the Ziggurat Journal of Materials Technology, and we hope that you are satisfied with the content. The title of the journal primarily suggests materials technology; however, we strive to present a broad range of topics, including questions about the interaction between design, material, manufacturing and energy. The efficient interaction between these parameters results in components that are optimally designed and economically feasible. The idea for this journal resulted from the editors' realisation of the large knowledge potential that is being developed at colleges and universities around the world by scholars and PhD students. These clients must have the opportunity to publish their work and get in touch with other scientists. We want to reach out to young researchers and encourage them to present their work to a wide range of readers. Furthermore, a scientific career today requires evidence of publications that withstand the corresponding assessments of specialist colleagues and meet the criteria of good scientific work. In this context, the submitted articles will be subjected to a strict review. The principal objective is not to criticise work but rather to provide advice on how to improve the quality of the work presented. With this in mind, we would like to invite you to submit articles and use this journal as a reference for your ongoing scientific work.

scholarly journals Urban Human Dynamics

2021 ◽  
pp. 41-57
Author(s):  
Shih-Lung Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Research Topic ◽  
Spatiotemporal Patterns ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Political Systems ◽  
Human Dynamics ◽  
Urban Dynamics ◽  
Human Needs ◽  
Wide Range

AbstractUrban areas are places where people concentrate in a relatively high density built environment to carry out a wide range of activities. Each urban area should provide adequate infrastructure and services to support the needs of its population. Since various resources, services, and facilities are at different locations, urban areas manifest a complex system of flows of people, goods, and information to support the economic, social, cultural, and political systems in human society. These activities, flows, and systems are driven by various processes and exhibit various spatiotemporal patterns that are the outcomes of human dynamics. However, how we investigate the various dynamic processes and complex systems in urban areas has been and continues to be a challenging research topic. Urban human dynamics cover multiple aspects and can be studied from different perspectives. This chapter discusses urban dynamics and human dynamics in terms of their respective approaches and methods, along with some selected examples. It then connects urban human dynamics research with urban informatics to highlight their relationships and how together they could lead to urban areas that can better serve human needs and improve the quality of life.

scholarly journals Urban rats have less variable, higher protein diets

2018 ◽  
Vol 285 (1889) ◽  
pp. 20181441 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Guiry ◽  
M. Buckley
Keyword(s):  
Urban Ecology ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Animal Management ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Brown Rat ◽  
Dietary Niche ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

Over the past 1000 years, rats ( Rattus spp.) have become one of the most successful and prolific pests in human society. Despite their cosmopolitan distribution across six continents and ubiquity throughout the world's cities, rat urban ecology remains poorly understood. We investigate the role of human foods in brown rat ( Rattus norvegicus ) diets in urban and rural areas over a 100 year period ( ca AD 1790–1890) in Toronto, Canada using stable carbon ( δ 13 C) and nitrogen ( δ 15 N) isotope analyses of archaeological remains. We found that rat diets from urban sites were of higher quality and were more homogeneous and stable over time. By contrast, in rural areas, they show a wide range of dietary niche specializations that directly overlap, and probably competed, with native omnivorous and herbivorous species. These results demonstrate a link between rodent diets and human population density, providing, to our knowledge, the first long-term dietary perspective on the relative value of different types of human settlements as rodent habitat. This study highlights the potential of using the historical and archaeological record to provide a retrospective on the urban ecology of commensal and synanthropic animals that could be useful for improving animal management and conservation strategies in urban areas.

Nature-based solutions for urban resilience

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Kalantari ◽  
Andrea Gadnert ◽  
Carla Sofia Santos Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Urban Resilience ◽  
Regulatory Frameworks ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Total Investment ◽  
Global Population

<p>Nature-based solutions have the potential to provide a wide range of essential ecosystem services as well as water management goals. As the majority of the global population lives in cities, NBS for addressing water management in urban areas is of great importance. Despite the recent advances and growing experiences with the implementation of NBS, there is still below 1% of the total investment in water resource management infrastructure that is dedicated to NBS in urban areas? One of the current obstacles for implementation is the lack of knowledge, data and information about the design and implementation of NBS for water management. Although there has been a growing interest in NBS in recent years, there are still a large need for a comprehensive evidence based on the effectiveness of NBS. Therefore, there is also a need for monitoring both the process of implementing NBS as well as the outcomes, including the final benefits of the NBS<strong>, </strong>how the NBS is perceived and how it responds to the challenge for which it was implemented.  The aim of this study is to assess the effectiveness of nature-based solutions (NBS) for urban resilience in particular for water management in different climate zones, focusing on cities that have worked or are planning to work extensively with NBS. This study explores which opportunities and barriers current regulatory frameworks and management practices imply and how the former can be reaped and the latter overcome, for implementation of effective NBS. The study focuses on the analysis of available data bases of NBS in different cities This study also creates an inventory of indicators used to assess the NBS effectiveness, covering a range of social, economic and technical aspects.</p>

scholarly journals Оn the issue of revitalization of public centers in rural settlements of Ukrain

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-184
Author(s):  
Silnik O. ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Climatic Environment ◽  
Wide Range

The rural settlement occupies a very important place in the modern socio-cultural structure of our state. Ukraine has a huge agricultural potential, and rural development has a significant impact on the economic situation. An important task of society is to increase the quality of life of its inhabitants. The comfort of rural settlements is influenced by the quality of housing, the level of cultural and industrial infrastructure. Domestic and foreign experience confirms the importance of the development of rural entrepreneurship, services, cultural education. The issue of solving the construction and planning of a modern village can be solved taking into account detailed analysis of the existing state of the territory. All components of settlements, from the condition of streets and existing utilities to existing buildings, are integral parts. If we cover the issues of the street network, the quality does not meet the modern requirements for the operation of modern equipment. The disadvantages are both in the quality of the street pavement and in the peculiarities of the layout, this applies to unregulated street profiles, unsuccessful junctions of nodal elements. Construction and development of public buildings in modern villages of Ukraine also do not meet the needs of modern residents of settlements. A number of reforms already underway by the state prove that rural settlements need to be renewed not only in the field of the technological equipment but also in the structure of construction in general. One of the methods of solving this problem is the arrangement of cultural and domestic, administrative, educational institutions in rural areas, landscaping for active and quiet recreation. At the present stage, there are also problems with solving the development of settlements, which are under the influence of large urban areas. These settlements combine agricultural and industrial areas, perform a wide range of functions that are not always successfully combined, and have a positive impact on the living standards of the peasants themselves. Given the current stages of transformation of settlements in modern conditions, there is a need to create virtual models of development of areas with projected areas of development of both residential areas and areas with industrial and economic purposes. Work on the renovation of existing rural settlements should take into account a wide range of factors: the existing natural and climatic environment, traditions of the local population, existing infrastructure, both cultural and economic, location in the structure of administrative planning, and interaction of adjacent territories, etc

scholarly journals Editorial Policies and Background in Editing Macedonian Edical Review and Bantao Journal

PRILOZI ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 81-84
Author(s):  
Goce Spasovski
Keyword(s):  
Open Access ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Open Access Journal ◽  
Artificial Organs ◽  
High Quality Research ◽  
Editorial Boards ◽  
Scientific Potential ◽  
Academic Content

AbstractEven in as small a country as R. Macedonia with limited resources allocated for science, there are many journals trying to establish good editorial practices and policies in publishing the scientific work achieved. Among the currently existing medical journals Macedonian Medical Review (MMR), ISSN 0025-1097, deserves to be elaborated as the oldest journal with continuous publication since its first appearance as the journal of the Macedonian Medical Association (MMA). Since its first issue, published in 1946, there has been an opus of some 4500 peer-reviewed published papers in more than 210 issues and some 80 supplements from various congresses and meetings. In this regard, great respect should be paid not only to the editorial boards, but also to the collaborators who have contributed to its successful continuity in all previous years.In line with the needs for further development of the journal and possibilities for access to world databases, the Editorial Board of MMR has made every effort to improve and modernize its work as well as the technical quality of the journal. Hence, MMA has signed a contract with De Gruyter Open as leading publisher of Open Access academic content for further improvement and promotion of the journal and facilitation of the Medline application, so we do hope for the further success of the journal.BANTAO Journal is published on behalf of the Balkan Cities Association of Nephrology, Dialysis, Transplantation and Artificial Organs (BANTAO), ISSN 1312-2517. The first issue was published in 2003, ten years after BANTAO was born. Its appearance was an extremely important event in the existence of BANTAO. The first official editor of the journal was Dimitar Nenov, Varna (2003-2005), followed by Ali Basci (Izmir, Turkey) and Goce Spasovski (Skopje, Macedonia) as editor-in-chief since 2009. Over the years, the Journal has been included in the EBSCO, DOAJ and SCOPUS/SCIMAGO databases.The journal is published biannually. Until now, 345 papers have been published in the past 11 years, in 21 regular issues and 3 supplements. It may be said that the journal is the “glue” between the nephrologists from the Balkan cities, reflecting the high quality research and scientific potential of Balkan nephrologists. The entire process of submitting and reviewing the manuscripts is electronically done and after their acceptance they are freely available (open access journal) on the website of the association and the journal: www.bantao.org.In this regard, the current President of BANTAO has already signed a contract with De Gruyter Open as leading publisher of Open Access academic content for further improvement and promotion of the journal and Medline application for the further success of the journal.

scholarly journals Remote Sensing of Urban Forests

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (20) ◽  
pp. 2383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Sanesi ◽  
Vincenzo Giannico ◽  
Mario Elia ◽  
Raffaele Lafortezza
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Spatial Dynamics ◽  
Urban Forests ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
New Sensors

Urban forests and green infrastructures at large are of critical importance for contemporary cities as they provide a wide range of ecosystem services (ESS) that enhance the quality of life of urban dwellers. Remote sensing technologies have greatly contributed to assessing and mapping the spatial distribution of ESS in urban areas, although more research is needed given the availability of new sensors from multiple satellites and platforms and the particular characteristics of urban environments (e.g., high heterogeneity). This Special Issue hosts papers focusing on the temporal and spatial dynamics of urban forests with special attention given to the most recent remote sensing technologies as well as advanced methods for processing geospatial data and extracting meaningful information.

Transport Studies and the Quality of Life

1980 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 339-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
R E Allsop
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
City Centre ◽  
Drinking Alcohol ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
Transport Studies ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
University College London ◽  
Definition Of

A definition of transport studies is offered with the claim that the purpose of this field of study is to obtain understanding that can be used to help to improve the economic, social, and physical conditions of people's lives to the extent that these are affected by the transport system and its use. A number of examples of this process in action in the fields of transport planning, operation, and safety are described and discussed, emphasising how the achievement of improvements depends upon understanding not only what changes are likely to be beneficial but also how people will respond to attempts to bring about these changes. The examples are concerned with injury to occupants of colliding vehicles, accidents associated with driving after drinking alcohol, the competition between activities and movement for space in congested urban areas, and the operation of a main radial route into a city centre. In conclusion, current attempts to assess the wide range of effects that transport changes can have upon the quality of life are related to the writings of Jeremy Bentham, whose thinking contributed strongly to the foundation of University College London 150 years ago.

scholarly journals Codependence in wives of husbands with alcohol dependence

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 14-22
Author(s):  
M. Markova ◽  
V. Yariy
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Substantial Improvement ◽  
Alcohol Problems ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Clinical Variants ◽  
Behavioral Maladjustment ◽  
Degrees Of Severity ◽  
Dependent State

The work based on a complex study of 160 men with alcohol dependence (AD), and their wives, and 50 spouses, with husbands who did not have alcohol problems. In wives of men with AD, established the presence of maladaptive states of varying severity and clinical content, unlike the wives of "narcological healthy" men. Three clinical variants of maladjustment were identified: psycho-emotional (25,6%), behavioral (30,6%) and combined (43,8%) (p≤0,01). The psycho-emotional maladjustment characterized by the presence of depressive and/or anxious symptoms with high stress overload and low capacity for stress resistance, and with amplitude of expression from mosaic signs to distinct psychopathological states. For behavioral maladjustment was inherent desire for addictive implementation at the level of dangerous use or dependent state with wide range of addictive non-chemical objects, especially food, tea/coffee, shopping and work, and smoking. Combined maladjustment represented a combination of both phenomena, with varying degrees of severity. Three types of codependency in wives of patients with AD determined: congruently asymmetric type (17,5% of the wives of men with socio-environmental type AD and 11,3% women of men with individual-genetic type AD), interconnected type (22,5% and 5,0% of women, respectively) and compensation type (60,0% and 83,38% of women, respectively) (p≤0,01). Each type of codependency has the largest representation of combined maladjustment (43,8%). Proved differentiated approaches, developed and evaluated effectiveness of complex of rehabilitation measures for the wives of husbands with AD. Participation in developed rehabilitation activities allowed women to eliminate such psychopathological phenomena as anxious-depressive reaction (p≤0,01), to achieve normalization or substantial improvement of emotional state (p≤0,01), reduce addictive status pressure (p≤0,01 ). In addition, there was a positive reconstruction of personal and family space of women that allowed to decided their intrapersonal conflicts and greatly improved quality of life.

scholarly journals The Stressed Executive: Sources and Predictors of Stress Among Participants in an Executive Health Program

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 216495611880615 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravindra Ganesh ◽  
Saswati Mahapatra ◽  
Debbie L Fuehrer ◽  
Levi J Folkert ◽  
Whitney A Jack ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Stress Management ◽  
Stress Level ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Medical Disorders ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
High Stress Level

Background Stress is highly prevalent in the U.S. society, especially in executives, and is a well-documented risk factor for a wide range of medical disorders. Knowledge of common sources of stress and predictive factors may help identify executives at risk of high stress and allow us to appropriately refer them for stress management treatment. Objective The primary aim of this study was to identify common sources of stress, predictors of high stress, and other correlates among executives. Methods This was a cross-sectional survey of executives who requested a stress management consult at our institution. We abstracted the data from a 14-item intake survey as well as from the patient interview. Results Of the 839 executives, 827 executives (98.6%) who were referred for individual stress management consults completed the stress-related questions of the survey; 51.3% of these executives reported having a high stress level. Study participants mostly struggled with the well-being measures of sleep, anxiety, energy level, and diet. The majority reported that their main stressor was work related (n = 540, 64.4%) followed by family related (n = 371, 44.2%), health related (n = 170, 20.3%), and work–life balance (n = 62, 7.4%). In unadjusted analysis, high stress was associated with younger age ( P = .006), lower quality-of-life scores ( P < .001), and less physical activity ( P < .001). In multivariable analyses, the strongest predictors for high stress level were younger age (odds ratios [OR] = 0.84, P = .045) and worse quality-of-life indicators such as anxiety (OR = 2.72, P < .001), diet (OR = 0.78, P = .02), and sleep (OR = 0.74, P < .003). Conclusion These findings suggest that executives with a high level of stress might be best helped through a multimodality stress management program. Our findings merit replication in larger studies and more definitive confirmation with prospective clinical trials.

scholarly journals Integration of Computer Tomography and Simulation Analysis in Evaluation of Quality of Ceramic-Carbon Bonded Foam Filter

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 67-72
Author(s):  
A. Karwiński ◽  
M. Małysza ◽  
A. Tchórz ◽  
A. Gil ◽  
B. Lipowska
Keyword(s):  
Technological Progress ◽  
Simulation Analysis ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Ceramic Filters ◽  
Casting Technology ◽  
Casting Alloys ◽  
Running System ◽  
Foam Filter ◽  
Long Time

Abstract Filtration of liquid casting alloys is used in casting technologies for long time. The large quantity of available casting filters allows using them depending on casting technology, dimensions of casting and used alloys. Technological progress of material science allows of using new materials in production of ceramic filters. In this article the Computed Tomography (CT) technique was use in order to evaluate the thickness of branch in cross section of 20ppi ceramic-carbon bonded foam filter. Than the 3D image of foam filter was used in computer simulation of flow of liquid metal thru the running system.

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