scholarly journals Aplikasi Penggunaan Well Head Compressor Pada Sumur X Untuk Mengatasi Problem Liquid Loading

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Nurkhozin Adhi Nugroho ◽  
Muh Taufiq Fathaddin ◽  
Dwi Atty Mardiana
Keyword(s):  
Critical Velocity ◽  
Liquid Loading ◽  
Open Flow ◽  
Water Gas ◽  
Gas Ratio

Sumur “X” mengalami problem liquid loading dikarenakan laju alir gas kurang dari critical velocity oleh karena itu dilakukan metode delikuifikasi dengan menggunakan well head compressor. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi terjadi liquid loading pada sumur gas, menghitung critical velocity loading, melakukan analisis nodal pada sumur “X” dan membuat kurva IPR, menganalisa sensitivitas nilai Pwh dan water gas ratio terhadap laju produksi pada aplikasi well head compressor, melakukan analisa teknis dan ekonomi penggunaan well head compressor. Metodologi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah identifikasi liquid loading dengan laju alir kritis (critical velocity) menggunakan metode Coleman, membuat model sumur dengan bantuan perangkat lunak PROSPER, aplikasi metode well head compressor dengan sensitivitas beberapa Pwh dengan bantuan perangkat lunak PROSPER, evaluasi laju produksi beberapa Pwh asumsi terhadap laju alir kritis, menganalisa sensitivitas nilai Pwh dan water gas ratio (WGR) terhadap laju produksi pada aplikasi well head compressor dan melakukan analisa teknis dan ekonomi penggunaan well head compressor pada sumur X. Dari hasil perhitungan Pwh kondisi existing di dapatkan nilai laju alir loading berdasarkan metode Coleman sebesar 0,276 MMSCFD dan nilai critical velocity loading sebesar 34,061 ft/sec. Dengan bantuan software PROSPER 11.5 terbentuk kurva IPR yang menghasilkan nilai absolute open flow (AOF) sebesar 1,178 MMSCFD. Pada simulasi tekanan Pwh sebsar 10 Psig menghasilkan nilai laju alir gas sebesar 0,213 MMSCFD dan laju alir kritis loading sebesar 0,205 MMSCFD. Nilai NPV pada opsi beli sebesar 0,18 dan pada opsi sewa sebesar 0,24, nilai IRR pada opsi beli sebesar 8,07 % dan pada opsi sewa nilai IRR lebih dari 100%, nilai POT pada opsi beli sebesar 10 bulan dan pada opsi sewa sebesar 1 bulan. Opsi sewa lebih di pilih karena lebih baik nilai parameter NPV, IRR dan POT. Dari hasil simulasi dengan software PROSPER penggunaan well head compressor dapat di gunakan untuk mengatasi problem liquid loading pada sumur X yaitu pada P suction 10 Psig atau lebih kecil tidak akan terjadi liquid loading. Dari sensitivitas nilai Pwh dan WGR terhadap laju produksi gas dapat terlihat dari laju produksi yang dihasilkan, semakin kecil nilai Pwh dan WGR maka laju produksi akan semakin besar.

Forecasting the Water Flooding for the Production Wells of a Gas Condensate Field with a Fractured Reservoir Type

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel Dmitrievich Gladkov ◽  
Anastasiia Vladimirovna Zheltikova
Keyword(s):  
Produced Water ◽  
Fractured Reservoirs ◽  
Gas Condensate ◽  
Water Flooding ◽  
Fractured Reservoir ◽  
Well Performance ◽  
Integrated Monitoring ◽  
Field Development ◽  
Water Gas ◽  
Gas Ratio

Abstract As is known, fractured reservoirs compared to conventional reservoirs have such features as complex pore volume structure, high heterogeneity of the porosity and permeability properties etc. Apart from this, the productivity of a specific well is defined above all by the number of natural fractures penetrated by the wellbore and their properties. Development of fractured reservoirs is associated with a number of issues, one of which is related to uneven and accelerated water flooding due to water breakthrough through fractures to the wellbores, for this reason it becomes difficult to forecast the well performance. Under conditions of lack of information on the reservoir structure and aquifer activity, the 3D digital models of the field generated using the hydrodynamic simulators may feature insufficient predictive capability. However, forecasting of breakthroughs is important in terms of generating reliable HC and water production profiles and decision-making on reservoir management and field facilities for produced water treatment. Identification of possible sources of water flooding and planning of individual parameters of production well operation for the purpose of extending the water-free operation period play significant role in the development of these reservoirs. The purpose of this study is to describe the results of the hydrochemical monitoring to forecast the water flooding of the wells that penetrated a fractured reservoir on the example of a gas condensate field in Bolivia. The study contains data on the field development status and associated difficulties and uncertainties. The initial data were results of monthly analyses of the produced water and the water-gas ratio dynamics that were analyzed and compared to the data on the analogue fields. The data analysis demonstrated that first signs of water flooding for the wells of the field under study may be diagnosed through the monitoring of the produced water mineralization - the water-gas ratio (WGR) increase is preceded by the mineralization increase that may be observed approximately a month earlier. However, the data on the analogue fields shows that this period may be longer – from few months to two years. Thus, the hydrochemical method within integrated monitoring of development of a field with a fractured reservoir could be one of the efficient methods to timely adjust the well operation parameters and may extend the water-free period of its operation.

Energy and exergy analysis of a downstream single-row air washer at different droplet diameters for air cooling application

2022 ◽  
pp. 095440622110645
Author(s):  
Minhua Huang ◽  
Haiqiao Wang ◽  
Feng Tian ◽  
Junxin Huang ◽  
Shiqiang Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Performance Indicator ◽  
Droplet Diameter ◽  
Exergy Efficiency ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Design Calculation ◽  
Outlet Temperature ◽  
Single Row ◽  
Energy And Exergy ◽  
Water Gas ◽  
Gas Ratio

This study proposes a downstream single-row air washer for air cooling. The theoretical energy and exergy balance models were established at different droplet diameters and verified by the experimental data. Based on the abovementioned theoretical relationship, the single performance indicator of heat exchange efficiency (HEE) and exergy efficiency was quantitatively analyzed; a comprehensive analysis method of two indicators was proposed, combining HEE and exergy efficiency, and a numerical simulation was carried out. Results show that the smaller the droplet diameter and the larger the water–air ratio, the lower the dry-bulb temperature of the outlet air and the higher the HEE and exergy flux destruction. When the droplet diameter is less than 440 μm, the droplet diameter does not affect exergy efficiency and dry-bulb temperature. When the droplet diameter is larger than 440 μm, the droplet diameter is positively correlated with the air outlet dry-bulb temperature and exergy efficiency; in contrast, the water–gas ratio is negatively correlated with the air outlet dry-bulb temperature. An engineering case reveals that when the air outlet temperature is less than 34°C, the critical water–gas ratio can be set as 2.6 (mass ratio). At this time, the HEE is more than 90%, the exergy efficiency is more than 60%, and the critical value of droplet diameter is 440 μm. The research results provide an essential theoretical basis for the optimization of engineering design calculation.

scholarly journals Analysis of mass transfer processes in a reactor during a loss-of-coolant accident

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-154
Author(s):  
Aleksey Kulikov ◽  
Andrey Lepyokhin ◽  
Vitaly Polunichev
Keyword(s):  
Time Interval ◽  
Initial Water ◽  
Pressurized Water ◽  
The Core ◽  
Maximum Time ◽  
Loss Of Coolant Accident ◽  
Safe State ◽  
Loss Of Coolant ◽  
Water Gas ◽  
Gas Ratio

The purpose of the work was to optimize the parameters of the spillage system equipped with a gas pressure hydroaccumulator for a ship pressurized water reactor in a loss-of-coolant accident. The water-gas ratio in the hydroaccumulator and the hydraulic resistance of the path between the hydroaccumulator and the reactor were optimized at the designed hydroaccumulator geometric volume. The main dynamic processes were described using a mathematical model and a computational analysis. A series of numerical calculations were realized to simulate the behavior dynamics of the coolant level in the reactor during the accident – by varying the optimized parameters. Estimates of the minimum and maximum values of the coolant level were obtained: depending on the initial water-gas ratio in the hydroaccumulator at different diameters of the flow restrictor on the path between the hydroaccumulator and the reactor. These results were obtained subject to the restrictive conditions that, during spillage, the coolant level should remain above the core and below the blowdown nozzle. The first condition implies that the core is in safe state, the second excludes the coolant water blowdown. The optimization goal was to achieve the maximum time interval in which these conditions would be satisfied simultaneously. The authors propose methods for selecting the optimal spillage system parameters; these methods provide the maximum time for the core to be in a safe state during a loss-of-coolant accident at the designed hydroaccumulator volume. Using these methods, it is also possible to make assessments from the early stages of designing reactor plants.

scholarly journals The R&D of a Novel Sulfur Tolerant CO Shift Catalyst and Its Application in the Integrated Low Water Gas Ratio Process

2017 ◽  
Vol 07 (04) ◽  
pp. 113-122
Author(s):  
Bonan Liu ◽  
Jiefei Xiao ◽  
Tiancun Xiao ◽  
Qiuyun Zong
Keyword(s):  
Water Gas ◽  
Shift Catalyst ◽  
Gas Ratio

scholarly journals Enrichment of gas storage in clathrate hydrates by optimizing the molar liquid water–gas ratio

RSC Advances ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 2074-2082
Author(s):  
Sai Kiran Burla ◽  
S. R. Prasad Pinnelli
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Liquid Water ◽  
Gas Storage ◽  
Clathrate Hydrates ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Storage ◽  
Hydrate Form ◽  
Water Gas ◽  
Gas Ratio

Methane and carbon dioxide storage in hydrate form.

Novel sour water gas shift catalyst (SWGS) for lean steam to gas ratio applications

2015 ◽  
Vol 134 ◽  
pp. 65-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bonan Liu ◽  
Qiuyun Zong ◽  
Xian Du ◽  
Zhaoxi Zhang ◽  
Tiancun Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Gas Shift ◽  
Water Gas ◽  
Shift Catalyst ◽  
Gas Ratio ◽  
Sour Water

scholarly journals Recent Advances in Industrial Sulfur Tolerant Water Gas Shift Catalysts for Syngas Hydrogen Enrichment: Application of Lean (Low) Steam/Gas Ratio

Catalysts ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 772 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liu ◽  
Zhao ◽  
Wu ◽  
Zhang ◽  
Zong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Emission ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
H2 Production ◽  
Water Gas Shift ◽  
Steam Consumption ◽  
Industrial Data ◽  
The World ◽  
Water Gas ◽  
Gas Ratio ◽  
Plant Efficiency

A novel sulfur tolerant water gas shift (SWGS) catalyst has been developed for the applications under lean (low) steam/gas ratio conditions, which has been extensively used for H2/CO adjustment of syngas and H2 enrichment in the world since 2000s with safer operation and lower steam consumption. Technology design and catalyst performances under different lean steam/gas conditions were comprehensively reported. Industrial data were collected from several large scale running plants with a variety of served catalysts characterized and precisely re-examined in the laboratory. It is shown that the developed Mo–Co/alkali/Al2O3 SWGS catalyst can operate very steadily even with the steam/gas ratio as low as 0.2–0.3, and the main deactivation factors are accidental caking, sintering, as well as poisoning impurities, such as As or Cl. The adoption of lean steam/gas SWGS catalyst can significantly improve the plant efficiency & safety and remarkably reduce the actual steam consumption for H2 production, which can decrease CO2 emission correspondingly. The work helps to evaluate how specially designed SWGS catalysts performed under applied lean steam/gas conditions, providing important references for researchers and industry.

Efficiency Survey of a Drainage Wellbore and Well Placement in Gas Fields

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Artem Vitalevich Penigin ◽  
Evgeniy Ivanovich Sergeev ◽  
Artem Igorevich Varavva ◽  
Airat Flurovich Yamaletdinov
Keyword(s):  
Multiphase Flow ◽  
Finite Volume Method ◽  
Finite Volume ◽  
Well Placement ◽  
Volume Method ◽  
Flow Simulator ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Water Gas ◽  
Gas Bearing ◽  
Gas Ratio

Abstract The paper describes the assessment process of methods for the construction and operation of gas wells with a large water-gas ratio. One of the ways to tackle the issue of poor performance of high WGR wells is to drill a drainage wellbore with an ESP to lift accumulating water. In addition, various configurations of well placement through gas-bearing and water-bearing reservoirs have been considered. To evaluate the efficiency of a drainage wellbore with an ESP installed for lifting water that comes from the main, productive, wellbore, industry-recognized non-stationary dynamic multiphase flow simulator was used, as well as a more refined tool, such as the physical simulator based on the finite volume method (computational fluid dynamics, CFD). A non-stationary dynamic simulator was also used to assess the impact of well placement through gas- and water-bearings reservoirs. Well data, fluid data, physical parameters were entered into the models and, by varying the input parameters, dependencies and results were obtained, allowing to draw a conclusion about the efficiency of each method, as well as about the software capabilities and limitations. The applicability and technical efficiency of an additional drainage borehole with an ESP tto ensure stable operation / high productivity of the well strongly depend on the value of the water-gas ratio, the higher it is, the lower the efficiency of the method. In addition, efficiency also decreases with increasing gas rate. To assess the correctness of the calculation made with dynamic multiphase flow simulator, which is the industry standard, a verification calculation was also carried out on a physical simulator using the finite volume method, which shows the same trends, but with different absolute values. It also made it possible to assess the influence of the geometry factor on the distribution of flows, which could not be done by the non-stationary multiphase flow simulator. Apart from this, it was concluded that the location of a water-bearing reservoir in the last lower part of the wellbore is preferable, since then the impact on production is less than when it is located above the gas-bearing interval. Changing the well layout to a U-shaped one affects the dynamics of its operation insignificantly. The study helps to answer the question about the efficiency of using a borehole with an ESP and about the degree of influence of drilling through gas- and water-bearing reservoirs using the example of a real field, as well as it presents the method of conducting such an assessment for other fields.

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