GENDER NEUTRALITY IN THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE: TEACHER TALK AND COURSEBOOKS

Author(s):  
А.И. Колушкина ◽  
А.А. Коренев

Постановка проблемы. В статье рассматривается феномен гендерной нейтральности при обучении английскому языку и представлены результаты анализа речи учителей и содержания учебников. Целью данного исследования является выявление степени осведомленности учителей английского языка в России о гендерной нейтральности в английском языке и существующих стратегиях гендерно нейтрального речевого поведения на занятиях по английскому языку, а также выявление того, насколько содержание учебников по английскому языку соответствует принципам гендерной нейтральности. Результаты. Результаты исследования демонстрируют, что многие учителя и авторы учебников используют гендерно нейтральные лексические и грамматические стратегии, но при этом им не удается избегать гендерных стереотипов и неравной репрезентации персонажей, персоналий и прецедентных имен. Таким образом, предположение, что учителя английского языка используют в своей речи гендерно окрашенные лексические и грамматические средства, а также гендерные стереотипы на занятиях по английскому языку, частично подтвердилось: более 60% учителей не владеют гендерно нейтральным речевым поведением в достаточной степени. В отношении содержания учебников гипотеза также частично подтвердилась: 60% учебников содержат гендерные стереотипы, а в 90% проанализированных учебников встретился дисбаланс мужских и женских персонажей, персоналий и прецедентных имен (в сторону мужских). Выводы. Представляется целесообразной разработка особых рекомендаций по гендерно нейтральному речевому поведению на занятиях по английскому языку для учителей английского языка в России, в которых были бы учтены некоторые аспекты гендерной нейтральности в английском языке. Данные рекомендации должны соотноситься с российским социокультурным контекстом и включать в себя все необходимые объяснения о специфике гендерной нейтральности и ее важности в англоязычном контексте. State of the problem. The article explores the phenomenon of gender neutrality in language education and presents the results of classroom discourse analysis and coursebook content analysis. The purpose of the study is to reveal to what extent teachers of English as a foreign language (L2 teachers) in Russia use gender-neutral language and gender-neutral behaviour strategies in the classroom and how gender neutrality is presented in the English coursebooks (created both by Russian and international authors). The novelty is determined by the fact that this is the first attempt to analyse teacher talk and English coursebook contents in terms of their gender neutrality in the Russian socio-cultural context. Results. Results show that many lessons and coursebooks analysed use some gender-neutral vocabulary and grammar strategies, but contain gender-stereotyping and unequal representation of personalia and case names. The proposed hypothesis that English teachers in Russia use gendered lexical and grammatical means, as well as gender stereotypes in the classroom was validated to a certain extent. The overall result demonstrates that more than 60% of teachers are not gender-neutral. As for the coursebooks, most of them seem to be gender-neutral in terms of grammar, and half of them seem to be gender-neutral in terms of vocabulary. At the same time, 60% of coursebooks contain gender stereotypes and 90% do not represent males and females equally (with male superiority in number). Conclusion. Special guidelines on gender-neutral English in the classroom for English teachers in Russia should be created to provide some recommendations on the use of gender-neutral language and the use of coursebooks. These guidelines should refer to the Russian socio-cultural context and contain all the necessary footnotes for teachers to explain to them the importance of gender neutrality in the English language and to help them to explain the phenomenon to the students, who might experience certain challenges while acquiring the concept of gender neutrality that is only minimally represented in the Russian language.

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 670-689
Author(s):  
Sitti Fatimah ◽  
Yuli Tiarina ◽  
Fitrawati Fitrawati ◽  
Asri Sekar Mira

Considering the long-recognized contribution of reflective practice on teachers’ continuous professional development, this article casts new light in reporting English teachers’ and lecturers’ perceptions on the needs to implement reflective practice through video recording during peer teaching in the Indonesian Teacher Certification Program. This needs analysis is conducted as the preliminary step of the Research and Development (RD) project and the data will be taken as the basis for the development of reflective practice model with video recording in peer teaching. The perceptions of the needs were collected through a closed and open-ended questionnaire distributed to two groups of respondents. The first group consisted of pre- and in-service English teachers who participated in the PPG (Pendidikan Profesi Guru) Program, or Teacher Certification Program, during the course of 2018 and 2019; and are now teaching secondary school students within the provinces of West and North Sumatra, Aceh, Jambi, and Riau. The second group was lecturers at the English Language Education Program (ELEP) of Universitas Negeri Padang teaching at the PPG Program. The findings show that most teachers believed that reflective practice using video recording enabled them to see their teaching strengths and weaknesses and, in return, would be able to improve students’ learning outcomes. Similarly, all lecturers also believed that the needs of reflective practice assisted by digital technologies are highly important. In general, the perceptions of these two groups of respondents demonstrate the crucial needs of implementing reflective practice with video recording during peer teaching in the PPG Program.


English Today ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janina Brutt-Griffler ◽  
Sumi Kim

This study explores how learning English among one subset of English learners, Asian female international students at US colleges, contributes to the larger project of advancing gender equality. Using their narratives, we ask why Asian female international students invest so much of their identities and effort into learning English. We discuss the ways in which their endeavours may even silently promote the development of English as a gender-neutral language. The population of Asian students offers a compelling case of how the English language is potentially transformed via its spread to this English learner population and how it presents new avenues for identity formation for the growing number of female English users worldwide (cf. Brutt-Griffler, 2010: 232).


Author(s):  
Ilknur Istifci

The aim of this study is to find out pre-service English language teachers' ICT self-efficacy perceptions and ICT integration in their lessons. The data were collected from 60 pre-service English teachers in one of the state universities in Turkey via a questionnaire developed by Ekici, Ekici, and Kara. Semi-structured interviews were also carried out with some volunteering pre-service teachers. The questionnaire data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS 22). Interview data were analyzed finding emerging themes and categorizing them using constant comparison method. The results showed that they use ICTs in their lessons mostly especially in practicum or macro and micro teaching sessions and they have high self-efficacy on ICT use in language education. Results also revealed some problems they encounter while using ICTs in language teacher education and their suggestions on how to improve their use. Based on the results, certain implications were drawn from the study in order to organize future teacher education programs that utilize ICTs.


Author(s):  
Adria Rosy Starinne ◽  
Dyah Kurniawati

Field Experience Program or Praktek Pengalaman Lapangan (PPL) are carried out by students to fulfill the requirements for the formation of the education profession. But in the process of PPL, the pre-service English teachers of English Language Education Study Program at the University of PGRI Ronggolawe Tuban often experience problems related to their efficacy when teaching in English as language of instruction.This study aims to determine the efficacy of English Language Education students who run the Field Experience Program (PPL)  in using English as the language of instruction, as well as what factors influence their efficacy in using English as the language of instruction. It is a phenomenological qualitative research which the choice of subject or data source was done by purposive sampling which focused on selected informants who were appropriate  for in-depth studies (Nana Syaodih, 2007: 101). The subjects are  pre-service English teachers who had finished undergoing PPL in the period between November 2017 to January 2018. Data collection techniques used are observation, interviews, and documentation, and using descriptive inductive analysis.The results of this study reveal that self-efficacy of all pre-service English teachers (six students) as subjects in this study in terms of the use of English as the language of instruction during PPL has varied self-efficacy on dimensions of magnitude, strength and generality. Only 1 out of 6 students had negative self-efficacy in all dimensions, and 1 (one) person showed positive self-efficacy in all dimensions; magnitude, strength and generality. While the others vary for all three dimensions. Those six students used both English and Indonesian in teaching English. The reason was because they were not confident (2 people), and for the emphasis on certain material delivered so that it is more easily understood (4 people).This study found that the factors of success experience and psychological factors were the strongest in forming self-efficacy of the 6 PPL pre-service teachers in using English as the language of instruction during field experience program. Furthermore, it is only slightly influenced by other people's success factors and social persuasion. The more experience and the better the psychological condition of students, the more positive their self-efficacy. Two students, namely Mg and Su, have negative self-efficacy due to the lack of teaching experience and poor psychological conditions because they felt uncomfortable and underappreciated in the school where they carried out the field experience program.


Author(s):  
Susi Andriani Simanjuntak ◽  
◽  
Hsi-Nancy Lien

This study investigated the potentials and obstacles to learn and teach English as an international language (EIL) approach in one of senior high schools, in Tebing Tinggi. Indonesia. EIL is embracing the language variations among nations included native and nonnative English language. In our increasingly diverse communities, this approach is a talkback to the monolingual focus in ELT pedagogy and pay much attention to multilingual in the local and global communities and also situated English language education in global/local multilingualism. There were 6 English teachers and two classes (grade 1 and grade 2 which were approximately 60 students) in senior high school were interviewed designed to gain an understanding of both English teachers and students’ perspectives on English as international language (EIL) to get deep information about their tensions, conflicts, struggle, and challenges EIL teachers and students may experience before and after teaching and learning of EIL approach in five meetings. From this result, we could see there were some fertilities and infertilities that we got from implementing and acknowledging this approach. The fertilities that we cultivated were the students learned these topics as knowledge, embracing bright future of learning English, getting to know foreigners and countries, good experience with international friends, learn about their own country (transforming, reflecting themselves as Indonesia, proud to be Indonesia), well understanding the function of English, and fulfil the students’ needs. The other side, the infertilities of implementing EIL approach were they had deficit perspective toward themselves; they did not know about Englishes since it was never taught by their English teachers, bad environment from their community, their preferences and saw Englishes as an error and wrong perception about Englishes, and facilitation and resources as well. From the teachers’ perspective, there were also controversial and possibilities of teaching EIL in this school. They welcomed to the nature of English and getting to know EIL approach, well understanding of English as a tool for students’ future, and willing to pursue English teaching effectively. But, they concerned to the students’ problems, teaching beliefs, preferences, lack of understanding of English variation diversity, curriculum and textbooks. Those problems made them afraid to make any risk, little faith to apply EIL, and created two different worlds of English standard and nonstandard English. By seeing those results bear fruitful pedagogical implications for learning and teaching English, they are meta-awareness; broaden exposure of English learning and teaching, and open English pedagogy.


Impact ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (3) ◽  
pp. 18-19
Author(s):  
Fumiko Kurihara

Speaking a second language is an invaluable skill but it involves more than just learning linguistic skills. This is because language and culture are inextricably linked and it is therefore important to understand the cultural context of a language's origins. What is more, an understanding of the culture can help a language learner to pick up on the nuances and more quickly learn a foreign language. Professor Fumiko Kurihara and Professor Natsue Nakayama are proponents of the importance of cultural learning when learning a language. They are the members of the JACET SIG on English Language Education and are working to increase cultural competences among students learning a foreign language. Having spent time abroad in England as a college student, Kurihara became aware of cultural differences that highlighted the inextricable links between culture and language and the need to explore how cultures shape how we communicate with one another. Kurihara and Nakayama are interviewing teachers and observing lessons in Japan and Europe in order to develop guidelines for language teachers to incorporate and assess lessons in intercultural competence. Next, the researchers will analyse English textbooks at primary schools using cultural descriptors with a view to assisting teachers with revising their syllabuses and incorporating more intercultural learning.


Author(s):  
Adaninggar Septi Subekti

<p class="AbstractText">The study investigated nine pre-service English teachers’ beliefs on the implementation of online learning due to the Covid-19 pandemic in their English Language Education Department. The study used secondary data in the forms of the participants’ written reflections on the implementation of online learning they experienced through their viewpoints both as students and as English teacher candidates. Qualitative document analysis in the form of Thematic Analysis was used to further analyse the data. The study found three factors hampering effective online learning, which were inadequate supporting infrastructures or resources, teachers’ limited pedagogical skills in effectively managing online learning, and the lack of teacher-student and student-student social connections during the learning process. The study also found two perceived good practices, the combination of synchronous and asynchronous modes, which could ease learners’ burden and boost learning effectiveness, and teachers' understanding of learners' struggle manifested in their facilitating actions. Based on the findings, the study's possible contributions and limitations are stated along with suggested directions for future studies in the field.</p>


Author(s):  
Jair Ayala Zárate ◽  
José Aldemar Álvarez V.

English language teaching around the world is taking new routes at an accelerated rhythm. As part of a globalized world, Colombia has been trying to accommodate to the new dynamics. One way to do this is through the de-contextualized implementation of standards adapted and/or adopted from overseas. This article aims at promoting reflection and awareness on implications that might arise due to the implementation of the Common European Framework (CEF) in Colombia. This paper bases its discussion on relevant literature related to bilingualism, the CEF and the Colombian Ministry of Education. The conclusion states the need for the construction of standards regarding foreign language education based on our contextual features, not leaving aside the issue of being globally competent.


2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-232
Author(s):  
Dwi Dwi Poedjiastutie ◽  
Cahya Intan Syafinaz

English Language Education Department (ELED) at the University of Muhammadiyah Malang (UMM) is educational department that has objectives to prepare competent future English teachers. Several elective courses are offered for sixth-semester students in order to equip its graduates with the skills that students may choose amongst Translation, Bussiness English, English for Young Learners, and American Studies. This issues are interesting especially the need for the ESP as an elective course arises from the inadequacy of ESP teachers’ professional skills, training, and experiences that may cause teachers lacking of ESP teaching capacity.The researcher used descriptive qualitative research in order to get in depth and detail information in the form of a description about the reasons of ELED UMM not providing ESP as an elective course. Three researcher have interviewed the Director of Language Center (LC) UMM, ESP lecturer, and  Secretary of ELED UMM. The research finding showed that ELED UMM focuses on producing the English teachers for secondary education not at a tertiary level. To respond on the needs of professional ESP teachers, ELED UMM offers TEFL (Teaching English as Foreign Language) course as a compulsory course which ESP materials have been integrated.


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