Asian American and Pacific Islanders Serving Institutions: The Motivations and Challenges behind Seeking a Federal Designation

This article examines the development of legislation to create a federal designation for Asian American and Pacific Islander (AAPI) serving institutions. Specifically, the article draws from interviews with nineteen policy makers, congressional staffers, and community advocates in order to address their motivations for establishing this designation and the related challenges that they encountered. Besides the complexities of ushering legislation through Congress, one of the major challenges highlighted includes the lack of political infrastructure for advocating Asian American issues related to education. Recommendations for the future sustainability of federal support for AAPI serving institutions are also discussed.

Download Full-text

Prostate Cancer Disparities in Risk Group at Presentation and Access to Treatment for Asian Americans, Native Hawaiians, and Pacific Islanders: A Study With Disaggregated Ethnic Groups

JCO Oncology Practice ◽

10.1200/op.21.00412 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Bhav Jain ◽

Kenrick Ng ◽

Patricia Mae G. Santos ◽

Kekoa Taparra ◽

Vinayak Muralidhar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

High Risk ◽

Asian Indian ◽

Asian American ◽

Native Hawaiian ◽

Risk Group ◽

Pacific Islander ◽

Pacific Islanders ◽

Native Hawaiians ◽

High Risk Disease

PURPOSE We identified (1) differences in localized prostate cancer (PCa) risk group at presentation and (2) disparities in access to initial treatment for Asian American, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander (AANHPI) men with PCa after controlling for sociodemographic factors. METHODS We assessed all patients in the National Cancer Database with localized PCa with low-, intermediate-, and high-risk disease who identified as Thai, White, Asian Indian, Chinese, Vietnamese, Korean, Japanese, Filipino, Hawaiian, Pacific Islander, Laotian, Pakistani, Kampuchean, and Hmong. Multivariable logistic regression defined adjusted odds ratios (AORs) with 95% CI of (1) presenting at progressively higher risk group and (2) receiving treatment or active surveillance with intermediate- or high-risk disease, adjusting for sociodemographic and clinical factors. RESULTS Among 980,889 men (median age 66 years), all AANHPI subgroups with the exception of Thai (AOR = 0.84 [95% CI, 0.58 to 1.21], P > .05), Asian Indian (AOR = 1.12 [95% CI, 1.00 to 1.25], P > .05), and Pakistani (AOR = 1.34 [95% CI, 0.98 to 1.83], P > .05) men had greater odds of presenting at a progressively higher PCa risk group compared with White patients (Chinese AOR = 1.18 [95% CI, 1.11 to 1.25], P < .001; Japanese AOR = 1.36 [95% CI, 1.26 to 1.47], P < .001; Filipino AOR = 1.37 [95% CI, 1.29 to 1.46], P < .001; Korean AOR = 1.32 [95% CI, 1.18 to 1.48], P < .001; Vietnamese AOR = 1.20 [95% CI, 1.07 to 1.35], P = .002; Laotian AOR = 1.60 [95% CI, 1.08 to 2.36], P = .018; Hmong AOR = 4.07 [95% CI, 1.54 to 10.81], P = .005; Kampuchean AOR = 1.55 [95% CI, 1.03 to 2.34], P = .036; Asian Indian or Pakistani AOR = 1.15 [95% CI, 1.07 to 1.24], P < .001; Native Hawaiians AOR = 1.58 [95% CI, 1.38 to 1.80], P < .001; and Pacific Islanders AOR = 1.58 [95% CI, 1.37 to 1.82], P < .001). Additionally, Japanese Americans (AOR = 1.46 [95% CI, 1.09 to 1.97], P = .013) were more likely to receive treatment compared with White patients. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that there are differences in PCa risk group at presentation by race or ethnicity among Asian American, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander subgroups and that there exist disparities in treatment patterns. Although AANHPI are often studied as a homogenous group, heterogeneity upon subgroup disaggregation underscores the importance of further study to assess and address barriers to PCa care.

Download Full-text

The Influence of Community Cultural Wealth and Tauhi Va on the Navigation of Pacific Islanders in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM)

10.5642/cguetd/234 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

◽

Marlena Wolfgramm

Keyword(s):

Stereotype Threat ◽

Asian American ◽

Phenomenological Study ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Pacific Islander ◽

Cultural Knowledge ◽

Pacific Islanders ◽

Community Cultural Wealth ◽

Cultural Value ◽

Cultural Wealth

My research examines the influence of community cultural wealth and tauhi va on the navigation of Pacific Islanders (PIs) in STEM. The disaggregation of data on Asian American and Pacific Islanders (AAPIs) attaining STEM bachelor's degrees revealed that PIs (16%) are represented half as much as Asian Americans (35%) (NCES, 2020). Under the AAPI designation, PIs have been masked, underserved, and underresearched in higher education and STEM. For this reason, this study focuses on the educational trajectories and experiences of PIs in STEM to highlight their strengths and challenges to understand how better to serve and support PIs in STEM. In this phenomenological study, I used an asset-based framework; community cultural wealth and a PI cultural value, tauhi va, to explore how PIs navigate STEM. The research questions for this study are (a) How do community cultural wealth and tauhi va influence the navigation of Pacific Islanders in STEM? and (b) How does tauhi va create va specific to Pacific Islanders to wayfind STEM and develop community cultural wealth? This qualitative study included 31 participants who self-identified as Pacific Islander and were students and recent graduates in STEM. The methods used in this study included a brief demographic survey, an educational trajectory map, and a 60- to 90-minute semistructured artifact elicitation interview using talanoa. The main finding of this study was that the navigation of PIs in STEM was influenced by familial, aspirational, social, navigational, and resistant capital. After facing barriers such as inadequate advising, stereotype threat, and competitive and cutthroat STEM culture from peers, faculty, and staff, PI students maneuvered through the skill of wayfinding. PIs created va (space) to relate, heal, and network with other PIs and individuals who had encountered similar experiences. PIs maintain va through tauhi va, or the caretaking of sociospatial relationships through reciprocity, thus developing Pacific Islander cultural capital to navigate STEM. This qualitative research is based on the successful navigation of PIs in STEM through an asset-based framework and cultural value to highlight the positive impact of PI cultural knowledge, PI identity, and nuances of PIs in STEM.

Download Full-text

Cultural Preservation Policy and Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders: Reimagining Historic Preservation in Asian American and Pacific Islander Communities

10.36650/nexus14.2_105-116_magalongmabalon ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 105-116 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Michelle Magalong ◽

Dawn Mabalon

Keyword(s):

Historic Preservation ◽

Asian Americans ◽

Asian American ◽

Cultural Practices ◽

Pacific Islander ◽

Pacific Islanders ◽

Cultural Preservation ◽

Policy Recommendations ◽

Cultural Sites ◽

Park Service

Historic and cultural preservation is a significant issue for Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders (AAPIs) seeking to safeguard important historic places, preserve unique cultural practices, and receive official recognition of civic contributions. However, few sites associated with AAPI history and cultures have been recognized as landmarks. With the fiftieth anniversary of the Historic Preservation Act of 1966, the Department of the Interior and the National Park Service have embarked on an Asian American and Pacific Islander Heritage Initiative to explore how the legacy of AAPIs can be recognized, preserved, and interpreted for future generations. To understand what we could be commemorating on the act’s fifieth anniversary, this essay will offer policy recommendations for preserving, landmarking, and interpreting AAPI historic and cultural sites into 2040 and beyond.

Download Full-text

Thirty-Day Inpatient Readmissions for Asian American and Pacific Islander Subgroups Compared With Whites

Medical Care Research and Review ◽

10.1177/1077558716676595 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 75 (1) ◽

pp. 100-126 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Tetine Sentell ◽

Hyeong Jun Ahn ◽

Jill Miyamura ◽

Deborah A. Taira

Keyword(s):

Asian American ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Pacific Islander ◽

Age Groups ◽

Pacific Islanders ◽

Native Hawaiians ◽

Policy And Practice ◽

Asian And Pacific Islander ◽

Residence Location ◽

Multivariable Models

Asian and Pacific Islander (API) 30-day potentially preventable readmissions (PPRs) are understudied. Hawaii Health Information Corporation data from 2007-2012 statewide adult hospitalizations ( N = 495,910) were used to compare API subgroup and White PPRs. Eight percent of hospitalizations were PPRs. Seventy-two percent of other Pacific Islanders, 60% of Native Hawaiians, and 52% of Whites with a PPR were 18 to 64 years, compared with 22% of Chinese and 21% of Japanese. In multivariable models including payer, hospital, discharge year, residence location, and comorbidity, PPR disparities existed for some API subpopulations 65+ years, including Native Hawaiian men (odds ratio [OR] = 1.14; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.04-1.24), Filipino men (OR = 1.19; 95% CI = 1.04-1.38), and other Pacific Islander men (OR = 1.30; 95% CI = 1.19-1.43) and women (OR = 1.23; 95% CI = 1.02-1.51) compared with Whites, while many API groups 18 to 64 years had significantly lower PPR odds. Distinct PPR characteristics across API subpopulations and age groups can inform policy and practice. Further research should determine why elderly API have higher PPR rates, while nonelderly rates are lower.

Download Full-text

Asian American and Pacific Islander Sport

Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Literature ◽

10.1093/acrefore/9780190201098.013.808 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Robert T. Hayashi

Keyword(s):

Asian American ◽

Pacific Islander ◽

Model Minority ◽

Pacific Islanders ◽

Global Capitalism ◽

Basketball Player ◽

Asian American Studies ◽

American Experience ◽

Collective Narratives ◽

American Society

As a group, Asian Americans in particular have been portrayed by American society as incapable or uninterested in American sporting practices and traditions. When individuals have realized public acclaim for athletic prowess, their achievements have been characterized in media and elsewhere as an exception to the Asian American experience, even when their success also represents its common collective narratives. NBA (National Basketball Association) basketball player Jeremy Lin’s meteoric rise in 2012 was often defined through the trope of the model minority. Conversely, Pacific Islanders, in particular males, have been represented as possessing innate athletic prowess but with limited intellect. These tropes of Asian American and Pacific Islander identity in American society have long obscured their relation to sports and recreation, and there has been little scholarship in either sports studies or Asian American studies on the unique sporting cultures of these groups and their relations to American sporting practices and institutions. Asian American and Pacific Islander relations to American sport are best understood as a unique history defined by their relation to American colonialism, racism, global capitalism, and the transnational nature of modern sport.

Download Full-text

Building Power: Asian American and Pacific Islander Women in 2040

10.36650/nexus14.2_19-32_chouetal ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 19-32

Author(s):

Jennifer Chou ◽

Priscilla Huang ◽

Miriam Yeung

Keyword(s):

South Asian ◽

Asian American ◽

Low Income ◽

Policy Making ◽

Second Generation ◽

Pacific Islander ◽

Southeast Asian ◽

Electoral Process ◽

The Future ◽

Pacific Islander Women

Asian American and Pacific Islander (AAPI) women will constitute the majority of AAPIs by 2040. However, the AAPI women of 2040 will more likely be low-income, South Asian or Southeast Asian, and second generation than the AAPI women of today (Ramakrishnan and Ahmad, 2014b). This article explores the implications that these shifts in the demographic identity of AAPI women will have on the future electoral process. We also explore strategies for building the power and influence of AAPI women in communities and at policy-making tables.

Download Full-text

Learning from the Alternative Asian American Press: A Close Look at Asian Americans & Pacific Islanders in Education through Gidra

10.36650/nexus7.1_105-130_ryoo ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 105-130

Author(s):

Jean Ryoo

Keyword(s):

Public Policy ◽

Asian Americans ◽

Asian American ◽

Pacific Islander ◽

Careful Analysis ◽

Pacific Islanders ◽

The Past ◽

American Press ◽

Education Today ◽

K 12

Through a careful analysis of the educational concerns and efforts described by Asian American and Pacific Islander (AAPI) activists in Gidra—the first radical Asian American newspaper described as “the journalistic arm of the [Asian American] Movement” (Wei, 1993, 103)—this article explores ways that current educators, public policy writers, and researchers can learn from the stories of the past to improve the state of K–12 education today. Drawing from five years of monthly Gidra publications, this article illustrates parallels between past and current issues in AAPI K–12 education while offering suggestions for action and change.

Download Full-text

The Future of the LGBTQ: Asian American and Pacific Islander Community in 2040

10.36650/nexus14.2_33-48_magpantay ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 33-48

Author(s):

Glenn Magpantay

Keyword(s):

Population Growth ◽

Asian American ◽

Census Data ◽

Pacific Islander ◽

The Future ◽

Lgbtq Rights ◽

History Of ◽

Family Building ◽

The Impact ◽

Community Infrastructure

This article reviews the implications of the Asian American and Pacific Islander (AAPI) population growth over the next twenty-five years on the lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) AAPI community. After reviewing some initial considerations of the census data and the history of the LGBTQ rights movement, it then details possible changes in substantive rights and protections for LGBTQ AAPI people in the areas of immigration, nondiscrimination laws, and family-building policies. It discusses anticipated changes in AAPI attitudes toward LGBTQ people and the impact on LGBTQ AAPI community infrastructure.

Download Full-text

Ethnic Discipline Gap: Unseen Dimensions of Racial Disproportionality in School Discipline

American Educational Research Journal ◽

10.3102/0002831219833919 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 56 (5) ◽

pp. 1973-2003 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Bach Mai Dolly Nguyen ◽

Pedro Noguera ◽

Nathan Adkins ◽

Robert T. Teranishi

Keyword(s):

Asian Americans ◽

Asian American ◽

Students Of Color ◽

School Discipline ◽

Pacific Islander ◽

Pacific Islanders ◽

Racial Disproportionality ◽

Discipline Gap ◽

Ethnic Subgroups ◽

Risk Ratios

Research on the school discipline gap reveals growing awareness of the disproportionate impact on students of color; however, dynamics of the racial discipline gap remain underanalyzed. This article uses risk ratios to descriptively establish if ethnic disproportionality in school discipline is present among Asian American and Pacific Islander (AAPI) subgroups. We find that when AAPI data are disaggregated, significant variations in discipline patterns emerge. Pacific Islanders are nearly twice as likely as their White peers to be disciplined when separated from Asian Americans, and all Pacific Islander subgroups are at equal or higher risk for discipline. We also find a discipline gap between ethnic subgroups. Our findings affirm the need to further refine the analyses of race and school discipline.

Download Full-text