Means of filling gas-filled cars. Lecture No 7. Part 1. Design features of stationary automobile filling stations with liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Schematic Diagram ◽  
Electric Pump ◽  
Liquefied Petroleum Gas ◽  
Basic Scheme ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Ground Station ◽  
Filling Station ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Design Diagram ◽  
Gas Station

A schematic diagram of an underground stationary automobile gas filling station with liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) is presented. The characteristics of a stationary underground storage and refueling tank for LPG vehicles are given. A set of equipment for a stationary ground station of the gas station is given. The features of the underground stationary gas station are described. The principle of operation of a centrifugal LPG supply pump is described. A design diagram of a vortex electric pump for LPG supply is presented. The diagram of the filling clamp with the hose of the filling column of the gas station is shown. The basic scheme of a ground-based stationary gas station is analyzed. The diagram of a self-priming pumping unit of a stationary gas station with underground tanks is shown. The device of a multi-stage compressor for LPG supply is described. The characteristics and principle of operation of the modern LPG filling gun are given. Keywords liquefied petroleum gas; underground and ground filling stations; characteristics of the station; gas equipment of the station; single-stage and multi-stage compressor; operational and technical characteristics; principle and operating modes

Means of filling gas-filled cars. Lecture No 7. Part 2. Design features of mobile automobile gas filling stations with liquefied petroleum gas (AGZS)

2021 ◽  
pp. 5-17
Author(s):  
V.I. Erokhov
Keyword(s):  
Schematic Diagram ◽  
Liquefied Petroleum Gas ◽  
Safety Equipment ◽  
Level Indicator ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Filling Station ◽  
Design Diagram ◽  
Transport Tank ◽  
Tanker Truck ◽  
Mobile Frame

The characteristics and parameters of mobile means of transportation and refueling of LPG are given. The characteristics of a mobile automobile gas filling station of frame and frameless construction are analyzed. The basic technological scheme of the APCT-9611 gas tanker is given. The characteristics and operating principle of the shut-off and safety equipment of the transport tank are given. A design diagram of an electric pump for supplying LPG to a mobile gas tanker is presented. A schematic diagram of a reciprocating LPG flow volume Converter is presented. The features of the mechanical and electromagnetic LPG level indicator in a transport tank are described. A schematic diagram of a mobile universal (discharge/filling) gas process module UTMG-01 is shown. Keywords: liquefied petroleum gas; mobile frame and frameless construction of a tanker truck; characteristics and parameters of the station; gas equipment, pumping unit; gas meter; principle and operating modes of the LPG level indicator. [email protected]

Means of refueling gas'filled cars. Lecture № 7. Part 5. Features of operation of mobile automobile gas filling stations with liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)

2021 ◽  
pp. 195-215
Author(s):  
V.I. Erokhov
Keyword(s):  
Schematic Diagram ◽  
Technological Equipment ◽  
Liquefied Petroleum Gas ◽  
Technological Processes ◽  
Filling Station ◽  
Gas Station ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Safety Features ◽  
Station Safety

Features of operation of the mobile automobile gas filling station (PAGZS) of the liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) are given. A schematic diagram of the planning solutions of the mobile gas station is given. The procedure for refueling vehicles is described. A feature of the operation of the refueling complex on the basis of a mobile gas station is given. The characteristic features of operation and malfunction of the technological equipment of the mobile gas station are given. The safety features of the technological processes of the gas filling station are summarized. The features of gas station maintenance are described. The features of the system of accounting and release of LPG are described. Keywords liquefied petroleum gas; planning solutions; mobile gas filling station; gas filling station operation; gas equipment; LPG refueling; malfunctions and maintenance; gas filling station safety

Means of refueling gas&cylinder cars. Lecture № 7. Part 3. Features of operation of stationary automobile gas filling stations with liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)

2021 ◽  
pp. 99-118
Author(s):  
V.I. Erokhov
Keyword(s):  
Master Plan ◽  
Schematic Diagram ◽  
Storage Tanks ◽  
Liquefied Petroleum Gas ◽  
Gas Stations ◽  
Filling Station ◽  
Gas Cylinder ◽  
Hydrocarbon Gas ◽  
Gas Consumption ◽  
Underground Reservoirs

The characteristics and master plan of a stationary automobile gas filling station (AGPS) of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) with ground and underground reservoirs are presented. A schematic diagram of architectural and planning solutions of a stationary gas station is presented. The requirements for the maintenance of the territory, buildings and structures of the gas filling station are set out. The calculation of the required number of filling columns and filling stations is given. The calculation of the gas consumption of LPG AGZS is given. The feature of inspection and filling of LPG storage tanks is formulated. Keywords liquefied hydrocarbon gas; architectural solutions; underground and overground station; exploitation stations; the inspection of tanks; gas equipment; filling tanks; the calculation of fuel dispensers and gas stations

Means of filling gas-cylinder cars with compressed natural gas. Lecture № 8. Design features of stationary automobile gas filling compressor stations (CNG Stations)

2021 ◽  
pp. 246-262
Author(s):  
V.I. Erokhov
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Block Diagram ◽  
Automated System ◽  
General View ◽  
Schematic Diagram ◽  
Compressed Natural Gas ◽  
Filling Station ◽  
Gas Cylinder ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Functional Components

The classification and standard8size range of modern automobile gas-filling compressor stations (CNG stations) are given. A fragment of the CNG filling station master plan is presented. A schematic diagram of the architectural and planning solutions of a stationary CNG station has been developed. The features of compressed natural gas (CNG) production are summarized. A block diagram of a typical automated system of technological processes of CNG filling stations is presented. The basic, functional and technological scheme of the CNG filling station is given. The design scheme and drive of the multi-stage compressor are developed. The general view and schematic diagram of the gas filling column and its functional components are presented. Keywords compressed natural gas, architectural and planning solutions, classification and characteristics of CNG filling stations, multi-stage compressor, electric drive of the compressor, technological and functional equipment, gas filling column

Means of refueling gas%filled cars. Lecture № 7. Part 4. Features of operation of technological equipment of stationary gas filling stations

2021 ◽  
pp. 147-166
Author(s):  
V.I. Erokhov
Keyword(s):  
Process Equipment ◽  
Technological Equipment ◽  
Liquefied Petroleum Gas ◽  
Environmental Friendliness ◽  
Technological Processes ◽  
Ground Station ◽  
Filling Station ◽  
Characteristic Features

The features of the operation of the process equipment of the gas filling station are given. The procedure for refueling vehicles is described. The characteristic features of operation and malfunctions of technological equipment are summarized. The features of technological processes of maintenance of equipment of stationary gas filling stations are described. The characteristics of the current and major repairs are given. The analysis of safety of technological processes of stationary gas filling stations is carried out. The features of the system of accounting for the release of LPG are described. Keywords liquefied petroleum gas; technological equipment; underground and ground station; vehicle refueling; gas equipment; operational and technical characteristics of equipment; malfunctions and maintenance; safety; efficiency and environmental friendliness of

scholarly journals Optimal Power and Efficiency of Multi-Stage Endoreversible Quantum Carnot Heat Engine with Harmonic Oscillators at the Classical Limit

Entropy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zewei Meng ◽  
Lingen Chen ◽  
Feng Wu
Keyword(s):  
Classical Limit ◽  
Heat Engine ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Harmonic Oscillators ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Cycle Period ◽  
Carnot Cycle ◽  
Heat Current ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Multi Stage

At the classical limit, a multi-stage, endoreversible Carnot cycle model of quantum heat engine (QHE) working with non-interacting harmonic oscillators systems is established in this paper. A simplified combined cycle, where all sub-cycles work at maximum power output (MPO), is analyzed under two types of combined form: constraint of cycle period or constraint of interstage heat current. The expressions of power and the corresponding efficiency under two types of combined constrains are derived. A general combined cycle, in which all sub-cycles run at arbitrary state, is further investigated under two types of combined constrains. By introducing the Lagrangian function, the MPO of two-stage combined QHE with different intermediate temperatures is obtained, utilizing numerical calculation. The results show that, for the simplified combined cycle, the total power decreases and heat exchange from hot reservoir increases under two types of constrains with the increasing number (N) of stages. The efficiency of the combined cycle decreases under the constraints of the cycle period, but keeps constant under the constraint of interstage heat current. For the general combined cycle, three operating modes, including single heat engine mode at low “temperature” (SM1), double heat engine mode (DM) and single heat engine mode at high “temperature” (SM2), appear as intermediate temperature varies. For the constraint of cycle period, the MPO is obtained at the junction of DM mode and SM2 mode. For the constraint of interstage heat current, the MPO keeps constant during DM mode, in which the two sub-cycles compensate each other.

scholarly journals Entropy-statistical analysis of the air conditioning cycle of an aircraft

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 29-35
Author(s):  
V.I. Merkulov ◽  
◽  
I.V. Tishchenko ◽  
S.A. Abalakin ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Conditioning ◽  
System Development ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Moisture Removal ◽  
Schematic Diagram ◽  
Air Conditioning System ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Cooling Unit ◽  
Air Conditioning Systems ◽  
Production Of Entropy

Most modern aircrafts widely use air conditioning systems in order to ensure comfortable flight conditions for passengers and crew, as well as to cool the equipment of the aircraft. The aircraft in-dustry is developing every year and the requirements for such systems are growing. Preliminary calculations and analysis of such systems are of key importance in their development. Such calcula-tions will help to determine the entire further path of system development and prevent many errors. They also help to regularly improve the performance of systems, in particular, their energy charac-teristics. The main requirements for systems are reliability, energy efficiency, and weight-and-dimensional characteristicss. The paper is devoted to analysis of the efficiency of the system and its individual units. In addition, there is considered separately the influence of third-party factors on the efficiency of the system, in particular, the presence of moisture in the working air flow. This article discusses the results of thermodynamic calculation and analysis by the entropy-statistical method of the air conditioning system in various operating modes. The efficiency of the system as a whole is considered and the influence of imperfection of each of its units in particular is analyzed. The standard parameters of the operation of such systems on airplanes were taken as the initial parameters for calculating the systems. For the analysis, a system with a two-wheel turbo-cooling unit with moisture removal on the high-pressure path was selected. A schematic diagram of the system is given, formulas for calculating the minimum required work to compensate the production of entropy for the units of the system are presented. To ensure the calculations, the software complexes MathCAD, Coolprop and Matlab were used.

scholarly journals Optimization of the structure and mode of operation of complex heat and mass transfer multicomponent systems

Vestnik IGEU ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 55-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.E. Barochkin ◽  
V.P. Zhukov ◽  
M.S. Shumilova ◽  
E.V. Barochkin ◽  
A.N. Belyakov
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Heat And Mass Transfer ◽  
Optimization Problems ◽  
Impurity Content ◽  
Operating Mode ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Design Calculations

To conduct computational research in the search for effective solutions, adequate models and methods for calculating technological systems are required. Known approaches to modeling heat and mass transfer in multi-stage devices with multicomponent fluids, based on which verification calculations of complex systems can be performed. However, along with the verification calculation, the necessity of carrying out design calculations often arises, during which the tasks of increasing the efficiency of the functioning of such systems are solved. The formulation of optimization problems of choosing the optimal structure and operating mode of heat and mass transfer plants and their use in performing design calculations is an urgent task facing the energy sector and related industries. To simulate heat and mass transfer systems, the matrix equations of mass and energy balance are used, and mathematical programming methods are used to solve optimization problems. In the framework of the previously developed model of heat and mass transfer in multistage heat exchangers with multicomponent heat transfer media, the problem of optimizing the structure and operating modes of the system of such heat transfer apparatuses consisting of a mixture of components with different boiling points is formulated and solved. An example of solving this problem is given, which allows one to evaluate the efficiency of component separation and the quality of finished products for the selected objective function. The results can be used in the energy, chemical and food industries to increase the efficiency of resource and energy saving technologies and to obtain pure components with a normalized impurity content in solving problems of choosing the optimal structures and operating modes of similar systems.

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