Means of refueling gas&cylinder cars. Lecture № 7. Part 3. Features of operation of stationary automobile gas filling stations with liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)

2021 ◽  
pp. 99-118
Author(s):  
V.I. Erokhov
Keyword(s):  
Master Plan ◽  
Schematic Diagram ◽  
Storage Tanks ◽  
Liquefied Petroleum Gas ◽  
Gas Stations ◽  
Filling Station ◽  
Gas Cylinder ◽  
Hydrocarbon Gas ◽  
Gas Consumption ◽  
Underground Reservoirs

The characteristics and master plan of a stationary automobile gas filling station (AGPS) of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) with ground and underground reservoirs are presented. A schematic diagram of architectural and planning solutions of a stationary gas station is presented. The requirements for the maintenance of the territory, buildings and structures of the gas filling station are set out. The calculation of the required number of filling columns and filling stations is given. The calculation of the gas consumption of LPG AGZS is given. The feature of inspection and filling of LPG storage tanks is formulated. Keywords liquefied hydrocarbon gas; architectural solutions; underground and overground station; exploitation stations; the inspection of tanks; gas equipment; filling tanks; the calculation of fuel dispensers and gas stations

Means of filling gas-cylinder cars with compressed natural gas. Lecture № 8. Design features of stationary automobile gas filling compressor stations (CNG Stations)

2021 ◽  
pp. 246-262
Author(s):  
V.I. Erokhov
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Block Diagram ◽  
Automated System ◽  
General View ◽  
Schematic Diagram ◽  
Compressed Natural Gas ◽  
Filling Station ◽  
Gas Cylinder ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Functional Components

The classification and standard8size range of modern automobile gas-filling compressor stations (CNG stations) are given. A fragment of the CNG filling station master plan is presented. A schematic diagram of the architectural and planning solutions of a stationary CNG station has been developed. The features of compressed natural gas (CNG) production are summarized. A block diagram of a typical automated system of technological processes of CNG filling stations is presented. The basic, functional and technological scheme of the CNG filling station is given. The design scheme and drive of the multi-stage compressor are developed. The general view and schematic diagram of the gas filling column and its functional components are presented. Keywords compressed natural gas, architectural and planning solutions, classification and characteristics of CNG filling stations, multi-stage compressor, electric drive of the compressor, technological and functional equipment, gas filling column

Means of refueling gas'filled cars. Lecture № 7. Part 5. Features of operation of mobile automobile gas filling stations with liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)

2021 ◽  
pp. 195-215
Author(s):  
V.I. Erokhov
Keyword(s):  
Schematic Diagram ◽  
Technological Equipment ◽  
Liquefied Petroleum Gas ◽  
Technological Processes ◽  
Filling Station ◽  
Gas Station ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Safety Features ◽  
Station Safety

Features of operation of the mobile automobile gas filling station (PAGZS) of the liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) are given. A schematic diagram of the planning solutions of the mobile gas station is given. The procedure for refueling vehicles is described. A feature of the operation of the refueling complex on the basis of a mobile gas station is given. The characteristic features of operation and malfunction of the technological equipment of the mobile gas station are given. The safety features of the technological processes of the gas filling station are summarized. The features of gas station maintenance are described. The features of the system of accounting and release of LPG are described. Keywords liquefied petroleum gas; planning solutions; mobile gas filling station; gas filling station operation; gas equipment; LPG refueling; malfunctions and maintenance; gas filling station safety

Means of filling gas-filled cars. Lecture No 7. Part 2. Design features of mobile automobile gas filling stations with liquefied petroleum gas (AGZS)

2021 ◽  
pp. 5-17
Author(s):  
V.I. Erokhov
Keyword(s):  
Schematic Diagram ◽  
Liquefied Petroleum Gas ◽  
Safety Equipment ◽  
Level Indicator ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Filling Station ◽  
Design Diagram ◽  
Transport Tank ◽  
Tanker Truck ◽  
Mobile Frame

The characteristics and parameters of mobile means of transportation and refueling of LPG are given. The characteristics of a mobile automobile gas filling station of frame and frameless construction are analyzed. The basic technological scheme of the APCT-9611 gas tanker is given. The characteristics and operating principle of the shut-off and safety equipment of the transport tank are given. A design diagram of an electric pump for supplying LPG to a mobile gas tanker is presented. A schematic diagram of a reciprocating LPG flow volume Converter is presented. The features of the mechanical and electromagnetic LPG level indicator in a transport tank are described. A schematic diagram of a mobile universal (discharge/filling) gas process module UTMG-01 is shown. Keywords: liquefied petroleum gas; mobile frame and frameless construction of a tanker truck; characteristics and parameters of the station; gas equipment, pumping unit; gas meter; principle and operating modes of the LPG level indicator. [email protected]

scholarly journals Liquefied petroleum gas monitoring and leakage detection system using nodemcu ESP8266 and wi-fi technology

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 166
Author(s):  
Suzi Seroja Binti Sarnin ◽  
Divine Senanu Ametefe ◽  
Nani Fadzlina Naim ◽  
Wan Norsyafizan Wan Mohamad ◽  
Norlela Ishak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Sensor ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Stepper Motor ◽  
Leakage Detection ◽  
Storage Tanks ◽  
Liquefied Petroleum Gas ◽  
Gas Cylinder ◽  
And Control ◽  
Gas Cylinders

<span>Liquefied Petroleum Gas which is popularly known as LPG is a clean source of energy which is highly flammable and usually compressed into storage tanks. Due to the flammable nature of LPG it can easily lead to uncontrollable explosions in the presence of any ignition action or may lead to complete depletion of oxygen in a particular area. This study is focused on the fabrication of a system that would detect, monitor and control LPG gas leakages for domestic gas cylinders. A MQ-2 gas sensor was used for the detection of LPG gas leakages, the monitoring aspect was satisfied locally through notifications triggered by LEDs, piezo buzzer and remotely through the use of an application known as Blynk. The control aspect was implemented with the use of a stepper motor which turns off gas cylinder regulators whenever gas concentrations are high. All operations are primary hinged on the NodeMCU ESP8266 controller and Wi-Fi communication technology. </span>

Means of filling gas-filled cars. Lecture No 7. Part 1. Design features of stationary automobile filling stations with liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Schematic Diagram ◽  
Electric Pump ◽  
Liquefied Petroleum Gas ◽  
Basic Scheme ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Ground Station ◽  
Filling Station ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Design Diagram ◽  
Gas Station

A schematic diagram of an underground stationary automobile gas filling station with liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) is presented. The characteristics of a stationary underground storage and refueling tank for LPG vehicles are given. A set of equipment for a stationary ground station of the gas station is given. The features of the underground stationary gas station are described. The principle of operation of a centrifugal LPG supply pump is described. A design diagram of a vortex electric pump for LPG supply is presented. The diagram of the filling clamp with the hose of the filling column of the gas station is shown. The basic scheme of a ground-based stationary gas station is analyzed. The diagram of a self-priming pumping unit of a stationary gas station with underground tanks is shown. The device of a multi-stage compressor for LPG supply is described. The characteristics and principle of operation of the modern LPG filling gun are given. Keywords liquefied petroleum gas; underground and ground filling stations; characteristics of the station; gas equipment of the station; single-stage and multi-stage compressor; operational and technical characteristics; principle and operating modes

scholarly journals Two deaths due to explosion of cylinders of liquid petroleum gas

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nagendra Singh Sonwani ◽  
Navneet Ateriya ◽  
Arvind Kumar ◽  
Anil Kohli
Keyword(s):  
Blast Injuries ◽  
Air Conditioner ◽  
Liquefied Petroleum Gas ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Gas Cylinder ◽  
Liquid Petroleum Gas ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
System Life ◽  
High Pressure Equipment ◽  
Coffee Machine

Abstract Background Cylinder blasts can inflict multi-system life-threatening injuries to one or many persons simultaneously if they are nearby. The explosion in high-pressure equipment produces injuries due to its varied effects. Cases have been reported where the blast occurred in balloon gas cylinder, oxyacetylene gas cylinder, oxygen cylinder, coffee machine, and compressor of a split air conditioner (AC). Most of the cases are accidental. The investigation into the blast circumstances is of utmost importance to find out the manner and device involved. Case presentation Here, we present a report of two cases where victims suffered blast injuries at the same location due to the explosion of two different capacity liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) domestic cylinder and died on the spot. Conclusion The investigation into the blast circumstances is of utmost importance to find out the manner and device involved. Malpractice involving use of cylinder to fill another one might be dangerous for the person involved and present in the vicinity. This practice should be discouraged by lay person.

scholarly journals Risk Assessment of Releasing Flammable Material from Liquefied Petroleum Gas Tanks by Bowtie Method and Vulnerability Zoning by PHAST Software

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Kazem RAMEZANI KHOSHNAMEH ◽  
Mahnaz MIRZA EBRAHIM TEHRANI ◽  
Yousef BABAYI MESDARAGHI
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
High Probability ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Event Tree ◽  
Storage Tanks ◽  
Liquefied Petroleum Gas ◽  
Gas Reservoirs ◽  
Human Vulnerability ◽  
Process Hazards ◽  
Flammable Material

Introduction: The release of storage tanks' contents can lead to consequences such as BLEVE, explosions, fires, etc. Therefore, identifying the causes of content release, determining the scenarios, consequences, and possibility of incidents are required to prevent possible accidents. Moreover, the vulnerability and safety ranges should be determined to minimize the losses. Methods: In this research, the Bowtie method was used to evaluate the risk caused by the pressurized reservoirs. After identifying the risks of process hazards and determining the main, middle, and base events, the fault tree was mapped. Then, the events probability was calculated. In the next step, the event tree was designed to determine different scenarios of events and identify the consequences of each incident. Later, the probability of consequences was calculated. The Bowtie diagram was designed in the next step. Finally, the vulnerability zone was determined for each of the consequences using the PHAST software. Results: Considering the Bowtie's analysis, a total of 27 events including 21 base events, six mid events were determined. Furthermore, 15 minimal counts along with their event probabilities and importance were identified. In this regard, nine outcomes and scenarios were determined along with their probabilities. The widest human vulnerability zone was related to cloud and steam explosions. Conclusion: Leakage from the reservoir and connections, overflow, and PRVs are among the important defects of liquefied petroleum gas reservoirs. Considering the high probability of consequences and in order to prevent from the severity and damages of accidents, systems such as cooling system and fire stop system are required in the unit.

scholarly journals The Investigating the red phenol absorption by multi-walled carbon nanotubes

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. First
Author(s):  
Huynh Anh Hoang ◽  
Huynh Quyen
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Langmuir Isotherm ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Liquefied Petroleum Gas ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Cvd Method ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Hydrocarbon Gas ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Since the end of the 20th century, nanomaterials such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been considered as one of the greatest achievements in the field of material science. Nowadays, further research on CNTs is still being conducted to unfold the full potential of this material. Generally, CNTs production methods have been extensively studied, specifically on CNTs synthesis route via liquefied hydrocarbon gas in the presence of a catalyst. From the synthesized material, further investigation including characterization and investigation of this nano size system’s effects on the physics, chemical, mechanical rules applied to macroscopic (bulk materials) and microscopic systems (atoms, molecules). In this present work, we demonstrated the research results of the synthesis of nano-carbon materials from a liquefied hydrocarbon gas (Liquefied Petroleum Gas: LPG) and its application to red phenol absorption in the liquid phase. CNTs used in this study were synthesized by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method with Fe /ℽ-Al2O3 as the catalyst. The research results demonstrated that CNTs synthesized from LPG in this work were reported to be multi-walled tubes (MWCNTs: Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes) with physical characteristics including average internal and external diameters were of 6 nm and 17 nm, respectively. The measured specific surface suggested by BET data was 200 m2/g. The experimental study of red phenol adsorption by MWCNTs showed that the adsorption process followed both Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm adsorption models with the maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of 47.2 mg/g. The research results again showed that it was possible to synthesize MWCNTs from hydrocarbon gas sources via the CVD method by utilizing catalysts. Additionally, red phenol absorption via such material had shown to follow both Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm model, which allow further characterization of this material using Raman, EDX, SEM, TEM, BET, in order to extend the library database on the characterization of the reported synthesized material.

Methods of calculation and testing of gas equipment. Lecture № 6. Part 5. Test method of gas equipment for CNG operation

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Technological Process ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Schematic Diagram ◽  
Compressed Natural Gas ◽  
Certification Tests ◽  
Gas Cylinder ◽  
And Control ◽  
Gas Supply

The method of testing the gas supply systems of HBA for tightness and strength of connections is described. A schematic diagram of CNG accumulation is presented. Diagrams of test stands for compressed natural gas equipment are presented. A schematic diagram of checking the tightness of a singlefuel compressed natural gas supply system is presented. The technological process of checking the tightness of gas cylinder equipment in production conditions is presented. The technological process of inspection of a highpressure cylinder is given. The scheme of certification tests of a cylindrical CNG gas cylinder is shown. The scheme of certification and control of production of CNG cylinders is given. The diagram for testing and tightness of a twostage compressed natural gas reducer is given. Keywords rules and test methods; leakproofness; certification; singlefuel and dualfuel system; compressed natural gas; test modes; certification tests of the cylinder and gas equipment components; destruction of the cylinder

scholarly journals Comparison of CO2 emissions reduction efficiency of household fuel consumption in China

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 979 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bingjie Xu ◽  
Ruoyu Zhong ◽  
Yifeng Liu
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
National Level ◽  
Energy Structure ◽  
Kuznets Curve ◽  
Liquefied Petroleum Gas ◽  
Gas Consumption ◽  
Natural Gas Consumption ◽  
Per Capita

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the correlations among per capita gross domestic product (GDP), household fuel (natural gas and liquefied petroleum gas) consumption, and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions through the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) at the regional and national level in China using data from 2003 to 2015. The results validate the EKC assumption and show that per capita GDP is positively related to CO2 emissions; per capita natural gas consumption has a negative impact on CO2 emissions; however, per capita liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) consumption has a positive effect on CO2 emissions. Therefore, increasing natural gas consumption can effectively slow down the environmental degradation of China. Given rapid economic growth, changing the energy structure can improve the environment.

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