scholarly journals Riset Penggunaan Pemanas Air Tenaga Surya di Perhotelan Indonesia - Sebuah Kajian Literatur

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-23
Author(s):  
Samar Tan ◽  
Richard A.M Napitupulu
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Solar Thermal ◽  
Solar Water Heater ◽  
Solar Thermal Energy ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Water Heater ◽  
Solar Water

Hospitality is a relatively large energy user in the tourism sector. The application of renewable energy in this field will certainly save energy and contribute to reduce the effect of global warming. An interesting application to study is the use of solar energy for preparing hot water in hotel. This study is a literature study that explored research articles on solar water heater, especially used in hospitality, that have been published. Studies on solar energy have always increased over the past five years, 66.2% of which were in the field of solar thermal energy, where 11.2% of solar thermal energy researches were related to the use of solar energy for the process of heating water. For the research originating from Indonesia, the figures are 48.7% and 6.6% respectively. There is no research on the use of solar water heater in Indonesia. Research on tourism in Indonesia itself tends to decline. A simple example of simulation about solar water heating system using TRNSYS 18 simulation program was presented to motivate researchers in this field.

scholarly journals Application of Solar Thermal Energy for Medium Temperature Heating in Automobile Industry

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2 (S)) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Anagha Pathak ◽  
Kiran Deshpande ◽  
Sandesh Jadkar
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Automobile Industry ◽  
Storage Tank ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Solar Thermal ◽  
Solar Thermal Energy ◽  
Medium Temperature

There is a huge potential to deploy solar thermal energy in process heat applications in industrial sectors. Around 50 % of industrial heat demand is less than 250 °C which can be addressed through solar energy. The heat energy requirement of industries like automobile, auto ancillary, metal processing, food and beverages, textile, chemical, pharmaceuticals, paper and pulp, hospitality, and educational institutes etc. can be partially met with solar hybridization based solutions. The automobile industry is one of the large consumers of fossil fuel energy in the world. The automobile industry is major economic growth driver of India and has its 60 % fuel dependence on electricity and remaining on oil based products. With abundant area available on roof top, and need for medium temperature operation makes this sector most suitable for substitution of fossil fuel with renewable solar energy. Auto sector has requirement of heat in the temperature range of 80-140 oC or steam up to 2 bar pressure for various processes like component washing, degreasing, drying, boiler feed water preheating, LPG vaporization and cooling. This paper discusses use of solar energy through seamless integration with existing heat source for a few processes involved in automobile industries. Integration of the concentrated solar thermal technology (CST) with the existing heating system is discussed with a case study for commonly used processes in auto industry such as component washing, degreasing and phosphating. The present study is undertaken in a leading automobile plant in India. Component cleaning, degreasing and phosphating are important processes which are carried out in multiple water tanks of varying temperatures. Temperatures of tanks are maintained by electrical heaters which consumes substantial amount of electricity. Non-imaging solar collectors, also known as compound parabolic concentrators (CPC) are used for generation of hot water at required process temperature. The CPC are non-tracking collectors which concentrate diffuse and beam radiation to generate hot water at required temperature. The solar heat generation plant consists of CPC collectors, circulation pump and water storage tank with controls. The heat gained by solar collectors is transferred through the storage tank to the process. An electric heater is switched on automatically when the desired temperature cannot be reached during lower radiation level or during non-sunny hours/days. This solar heating system is designed with CPC collectors that generate process heating water as high as 90OC. It also seamlessly integrates with the existing system without compromising on its reliability, while reducing electricity consumption drastically. The system is commissioned in April, 2013 and since then it has saved ~ 1,75,000 units of electricity/year and in turn 164 MT of emission of CO2 annually.

scholarly journals Reflective Array Solar Water Heater for Milk Pasteurization

2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 131-137
Author(s):  
Budhy Setiawan ◽  
Riska Nur Wakidah ◽  
Yulianto Yulianto
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Heat Energy ◽  
Solar Thermal ◽  
Solar Water Heater ◽  
Solar Thermal Energy ◽  
Water Heater ◽  
Solar Water ◽  
Heating Source ◽  
Milk Pasteurization ◽  
High Utility

The solar water heater is a method of utilizing solar thermal energy by storing heat energy in water which can be used directly. Solar thermal energy has a high utility potential. It has a power of 1 kW/m2 on average on the surface of the earth with energy up to 7 kWh/m2/day on average per year. One of the uses of the solar water heater is that it can be implemented in the milk pasteurization system. The research equipment consists of an accumulator vessel with an area of 2x2 m2 and a water pipe collector. The water that had been heated in an accumulator (thermos) was used directly as the heating source in the milk pasteurization process. Meanwhile, the most common heating method used in the pasteurization process is electricity and gas energy. The result showed that using 82oC of accumulator water, it took 12 minutes (14.48–15.00) to reach the milk temperature needed in the pasteurization process which is 70oC for 6.75 litres of milk. The efficiency of solar heat energy absorption by an accumulator is 47%. This value can be increased by increasing the volume of water.

scholarly journals Performance Analysis Of Solar Water Heating System With Plate Collector Integrated Pcm Storage

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-149
Author(s):  
Andi Syahrinaldy Syahruddin ◽  
Jalaluddin Jalaluddin ◽  
Azwar Hayat
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Fluid Dynamic ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Solar Water Heater ◽  
Absorber Plate ◽  
Water Heater ◽  
Solar Water ◽  
Fluent Software ◽  
Collector Efficiency ◽  
Solar Water Heating System

Availability of solar energy as a renewable energy source is very abundant and inexhaustible. Solar water heater is an equipment that utilizes solar energy as a source of energy. The thermal performance of a solar water heater system using absorber plate with phase change material (PCM) as thermal energy storage is presented in this study. Two design of solar water heater collectors with absorber plate variations, i.e. an absorber plate with PCM storage and absorber plate without PCM storage were investigated experimentally and numerically simulation. First, the material properties of paraffin wax as PCM storage was analized analyticaly. Every shape model of solar water heater systems were imported and simulated at three variations of constant solar radiation, i.e. 400  W/m2, 700 W/m2, and 1000 W/m2. The simulation using a computational fluid dynamic (CFD) fluent software. The results showed that the average collector efficiency between absorber plate with and without PCM storage is 70.98 % using experimental study and 67.73 % using numerical simulation study.

scholarly journals Modelling of solar thermal energy for household use in equatorial latitude by using the F-Chart model

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 269-275
Author(s):  
Mateo Astudillo-Flores ◽  
◽  
Esteban Zalamea-Leon ◽  
Antonio Barragán-Escandón ◽  
M.R. Pelaez Samaniego ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Geographic Region ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Solar Thermal ◽  
Solar Thermal Energy ◽  
Water Heating ◽  
Equatorial Latitude ◽  
Solar Water Heating ◽  
Solar Water ◽  
Residential Sector

The Andean Equatorial Region, due to its geographic location, shows great potential for using solar energy. Solar thermal energy is of interest in the residential sector in Ecuador and other Andean countries as a method to avoid fossilderived fuels consumption. However, previous learnings of the operation of solar water heating systems in other latitudes cannot be used in the conditions of Ecuador. Thus, the performance of the solar thermal energy systems in this geographic region deserves further study that consider typical high levels of cloudiness and fast climate oscillations. The objective of this work was to investigate the effect of the orientation of solar thermal plates on their energy efficiency and model the behaviour of these systems to predict their operation under Equatorial Andean climate conditions. For the F-Chart calibration different slopes angles were used, according to the typical roofs slopes in Cuenca, Ecuador. Results showed a monthly solar fraction, contributed by an evacuated tube collector is 26% higher than the flat plate collectors. The results also depict that, in the conditions of Cuenca, the greater solar water heating occurs when the collector is inclined 14° and facing towards the south. These findings can be used to predict the best operational conditions for using solar thermal energy collectors to produce hot water in the residential sector under equatorial highland altitude conditions.

scholarly journals Energy Analysis of a Complementary Heating System Combining Solar Energy and Coal for a Rural Residential Building in Northwest China

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Xiaofei Zhen ◽  
Jinping Li ◽  
Yassir Idris Abdalla Osman ◽  
Rong Feng ◽  
Xuemin Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Prototype Model ◽  
Dual Function ◽  
Solar Water Heater ◽  
Water Heater ◽  
Solar Water

In order to utilize solar energy to meet the heating demands of a rural residential building during the winter in the northwestern region of China, a hybrid heating system combining solar energy and coal was built. Multiple experiments to monitor its performance were conducted during the winter in 2014 and 2015. In this paper, we analyze the efficiency of the energy utilization of the system and describe a prototype model to determine the thermal efficiency of the coal stove in use. Multiple linear regression was adopted to present the dual function of multiple factors on the daily heat-collecting capacity of the solar water heater; the heat-loss coefficient of the storage tank was detected as well. The prototype model shows that the average thermal efficiency of the stove is 38%, which means that the energy input for the building is divided between the coal and solar energy, 39.5% and 60.5% energy, respectively. Additionally, the allocation of the radiation of solar energy projecting into the collecting area of the solar water heater was obtained which showed 49% loss with optics and 23% with the dissipation of heat, with only 28% being utilized effectively.

scholarly journals Modeling of the Solar Thermal Energy Use in Urban Areas

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 1349-1367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Drita Qerimi ◽  
Cvete Dimitrieska ◽  
Sanja Vasilevska ◽  
Arlinda Alimehaj Rrecaj
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Model Simulation ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Solar Thermal ◽  
Solar Thermal Energy ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Solar Water ◽  
Water Heaters ◽  
The City

Most of the generated electricity in Kosovo is produced from fossil fuel, a part of the energy comes from the import, while participation of renewable resources is symbolic, and a bias between the grid extension and the load of power generated sometimes results in shortage of electricity and thus frequent power cuts. The use of renewable energy and particularly the solar thermal energy represents one of the most promising alternative strategies. In Kosovo, the global horizontal radiation ranges from 1241 kWh/m2 per year in Shterpce to 1461 kWh/m2 per year in Gjakova, while the average for Kosovo can be estimated at 1351 kWh/m2 per year. The average sun duration for the city of Pristine is 5.44 h, while the average horizontal irradiation is 3.79 kWh/m² per day. Participation of energy consumption in household is still dominant - about 41.4% of the total consumption in Kosovo, 15% of this energy is used for domestic hot water. This energy demand can be lowered significantly by using improved building construction techniques and utilization of RES-s, especially solar thermal. The first step is to map the city in different areas to locate suitable locations for the installation of solar collectors serving sanitary hot water. The demand for sanitary hot water varies from object to object, this variation depends on whether the building is individual or collective, school institutions or religious buildings, for this reason the classification of buildings was done according to the request for sanitary hot water. After that the demand for sanitary hot water is calculated for several different institutions: Residential houses, Dormitories and Hospitals. For all of the above-mentioned cases the data for: solar fraction, solar contribution, CO2 avoided, collector temperature, financial analysis etc. are gained using the TSOL 2018 software. To evaluate the active energy for a time period, the daily, monthly and annual performance for three systems which are located in University Clinical Center of Pristine, Kosovo have been analyzed. In addition the results of the mathematical model, simulation and measured solar energy contribution for solar station in Infective disease clinic have been compared. In this paper, a proposal for replacing the conventional water heaters with the domestic solar water heaters (DSWH) is made. A case study for 38289 Residential households in Pristine has been selected. The initial cost of the solar water heater for the city is 60113730 €. The system saves 7274910 € annually and reduced C𝑂2 emission by 22973400 kg. The results from the paper show that the DSWH is economically feasible in Pristine and can result in fuel saving and CO2 emission reduction.

scholarly journals Design and Evaluation of Solar Powered Dryer System with Integrated Thermal Energy Storage

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 2533-2539
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Solar Water Heater ◽  
Water Heater ◽  
Solar Water ◽  
Solar Dryer ◽  
Cloudy Weather

Drying of food products in open air under sun is the most common and easiest way of drying. However, it cannot assure the hygiene of the dried product because of the involvement of wind-borne dust, rain, insects, rodents and birds. This will affects the quality of the product and hence may have contrary economic effects on domestics and global markets. Some of the problems associated with open-air sun drying can be solved through the use of a cabinet type or indirect type solar dryer. The major drawback of all these types of conventional solar dryers is that they cannot be used in cloudy weather or during night time. By incorporating Thermal Energy Storage (TES) we can make use of the dryer throughout the day or at least during late evenings. Water is one of the best sensible TES medium within its operating range. Solar water heater is a device used to collect solar energy and heat up water without any electrical or fossil fuel aid. So the idea of this project is to incorporate solar dryer with solar water heater so that the dryer can be used even at late evenings or in cloudy weather, and also it can be used as water heater for hot water consumption

scholarly journals A REVIEW OF EXPERIMENTAL STUDY AND PERFORMANCE OF FLAT PLATE SOLAR WATER HEATER WITH DIFFERENT FLOW RATES

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
pp. 108-110
Author(s):  
Shiv Kumar Tripathi ◽  
Mohammad Azim Aijaz
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Flat Plate ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Solar Water Heater ◽  
Water Heater ◽  
Solar Water ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Flat Plate Collector

The analysis of thermal performance of the flat-plate collector includes parameters such as solar intensity, ambient temperature and configuration of flat-plate collectors etc. A Solar Water Heater are devices which are provides hot water for bathing, washing, cleaning, etc. using of solar energy. It is generally installed where sunlight are available. The solar energy is the most capable of the alternative energy sources. Solar energy is considered an attractive source of renewable energy that can be used for water hearing in both homes and industry.

A Review on the Performance of the Phase Change Material on the Solar Energy Collector Devices

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jyoti Rani ◽  
Kriti Srivastava
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Phase Change ◽  
Phase Change Material ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Solar Water Heater ◽  
Water Heater ◽  
Renewable Source ◽  
Solar Water ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Change Material

Energy is the basic need for all developing countries and India is also a developing country. Energy is central to performing the interrelated economic, social aim of human development. Solar energy is a rapid growing technology and have gained a lot of attention because it is renewable source of energy and is available in abundance in India. Due to over exploitation of fossil fuel soon there will be its scarcity. This will not only save the fuel but also reduce the pollution. So, it is very important to switch towards renewable source of energy. Phase change material is the material that is utilized to store the solar energy for long time and that can be used at night or during rainy and cloudy days. This paper discussed the performance of the phase change material if used in solar water heater/solar air heater. The phase change material is used in the thermal energy storage device the performance of the storage is increased and the exergy is also increased. The limitation of the solar energy collector devices is changing after used phase change material (PCM). Analyzed that if PCM is used the supply temperature is not suddenly down it slowly gets down and supply hot water for a long time. In general, solar energy collector devices or solar water heater gives hot water up to 4 PM but after using PCM the efficiency of the solar water heater is increased, time of collect hot water is increased and we can get hot water even after sunset.

Heat Transfer Enhancement in a Flat-Plate Solar Water Heater Through Longitudinal Vortex Generator

2019 ◽  
Vol 141 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
F. A. S. Silva ◽  
L. O. Salviano
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Flat Plate ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Vortex Generator ◽  
Longitudinal Vortex ◽  
Solar Water Heater ◽  
Water Heater ◽  
Solar Water ◽  
Delta Winglet

The solar energy is a renewable source that has a great potential for conversion into thermal energy or for generation of electric power through photovoltaic panels in Brazil. Concerns about environmental impacts and the fossil resources scarcity have motivated the technological development of renewable alternatives to fill out the energy matrix. The flat-plate solar water heater is an equipment used for domestic or commercial applications to heat fluids, which can minimize the demand for electric energy and, consequently, decrease the electrical bill. However, the development of technologies to increase the conversion of solar energy into thermal energy remains a challenge in order to increase the efficiency of these devices. Thus, passive techniques to enhance heat transfer have been applied and those results seem to be promissory. Among them, delta-winglet longitudinal vortex generator (VG) is a consolidated passive technique currently applied on compact heat exchangers, although few works have been applied this technique on the solar water heater. By a computational fluid dynamics approach, in this work, we analyze the augmentation of heat transfer through delta-winglet longitudinal vortex generator inside a tube of a flat-plate solar water heater. For the Reynolds numbers 300, 600, and 900, the better ratio between the heat transfer and the pressure drop penalty is found for the attack angle of the delta-winglet of 30 deg, while the highest heat transfer was to the attack angle of 45 deg. Moreover, the first vortex generators showed significant impact only on the friction factor and could be eliminated of the solar water heater with no penalty to the heat transfer.

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