scholarly journals THE BREEDING PROGRAM OF SEEDLESS GRAPES, THE EXISTING PROBLEMS IN REPUBLIC AND A PROSPECTS OF INTRODUCING THE GEN TECHNOLOGIES

2020 ◽  
pp. 176-181
Author(s):  
Sadulla Abdullaevich Abdullaev ◽  
Mukhammadlatif Marufjon o’gli Nazirov ◽  
Abduvokhid Abdullaevich Bolqiev ◽  
Shakhnoza Akhatullaevna Sultonova ◽  
Khurshida Abdullaevna Ubaydullaeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Breeding Program ◽  
Technology Skills ◽  
Gene Technology ◽  
Hybrid Progeny ◽  
Cross Combination ◽  
Seedless Grape ◽  
Seedless Grapes ◽  
Grape Varieties ◽  
Grape Breeding

This article discusses problems in the breeding programs of the seedless grapes, the way of introducing of the biotechnology and gene technology skills to resolve its issues, and the advantages of molecular markers to select seedlessness among the hybrid progeny of grapes. Uzbekistan is famous for its seedless grapes, but on the other hand, the grape breeding is oriented on the conventional breeding method. In other words, seedless grapes have a recessive character, a male form is using only as a pollinator, and all these factors limit to create new seedless varieties and forms. Nowadays the word grape breeders, especially seedless grape breeders use advantages of the biotechnology and gene technology skills to resolve above listed issues. As a result, except for obtaining hybrid progeny by crossing between ♂seedless × seeded ♀ that was an unchangeable algorithm of the cross combination in the traditional grape breeding. But today, researchers argued that crossing between ♂seedless × seedless ♀ is also possible to obtain a hybrid progeny through “embryo rescue technique”. Thus introducing this novel breeding program directly to grape breeding of Uzbekistan leads to an increase the diversity of the new seedless grape varieties and also for increasing the export potential of the grape industry. KEYWORDS: Seedless grape varieties, variety, cross combination, embryo culture, molecular markers, DNA.

scholarly journals Search for Rpv3 and Rpv12 genes in genotypes of table and seedless grape varieties using DNA-markers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. V. Makarkina ◽  
E. T. Ilnitskaya ◽  
S. V. Tokmakov
Keyword(s):  
Downy Mildew ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Dna Markers ◽  
Dna Marker ◽  
Downy Mildew Resistance ◽  
Mildew Resistance ◽  
Marker Analysis ◽  
Seedless Grape ◽  
Seedless Grapes ◽  
Grape Varieties

DNA-marker analysis of grape genotypes for the presence of downy mildew resistance genes Rpv3 and Rpv12 was performed. Table and seedless grapes varieties and forms carring these resistance genes were identified according to the DNA-marker evaluation.

scholarly journals Abnormal Seedlings Emerged during Embryo Rescue and Its Remedy for Seedless Grape Breeding

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 483-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Ji ◽  
Zhiqian Li ◽  
Wenkong Yao ◽  
Peijie Gong ◽  
Yuejin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Rescue ◽  
Seedless Grape ◽  
Grape Breeding

scholarly journals Identification of disease resistance-linked alleles in Vitis vinifera germplasm

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 01004
Author(s):  
Maria Lucia Prazzoli ◽  
Silvia Lorenzi ◽  
Michele Perazzolli ◽  
Silvia Toffolatti ◽  
Osvaldo Failla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Genetic Resistance ◽  
Wine Quality ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Relationship Analysis ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
Grape Varieties ◽  
Group Pattern ◽  
Grape Breeding

Introgression of genetic resistance to fungal diseases from American and Asian Vitis species traditionally pursued in grape breeding programs, although facilitated by molecular tools, has an impact on wine quality that still slows down development of competitive varieties. A contribution to the genetic improvement of grapevines for resistance to pathogens may come from unexplored genetic resources of the Eurasian Vitis vinifera L. In the present study, a hundred grapevine accessions from Georgia, Armenia and Azerbaijan were genotyped with SSR markers linked to QTLs for resistance to downy and powdery mildew, and with 21 SSR markers widely used for genetic diversity and relationship analysis. Looking at population genetic structure, Armenian and Azerbaijani accessions fell within the same cluster and were included among the Central Asian grape varieties of a homogeneous dataset, while Georgian accessions formed a separate group. Pattern of SSR alleles flanking the locus Ren1 and associated with resistance to Erysiphe necator in 'Kishmish vatkana', 'Dzhandzhal kara' and other Central Asian cultivars were found in three varieties from the Azerbaijani population that reached very high scores when assessed for PM resistance.

scholarly journals NEW SOURCES OF SEEDLESS GRAPES OF ANAPA EXPERIMENTAL STATION SELECTION

2021 ◽  
Vol 250 ◽  
pp. 95-102
Author(s):  
I.V. Gorbunov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Weather Conditions ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Experimental Station ◽  
Seedless Grape ◽  
Economically Valuable Traits ◽  
Grape Varieties

It is commonly known that the share of seedless grape varieties in the total production in the country is very small. Of 106 table varieties included in the register, only 4 varieties are of kishmish direction (Kishmish radiant, Korinka Russian, Yuzhnoberezhny, Yalta seedless). These varieties are in great demand, since their berries are used both fresh and dried. This article presents results of long-term research on isolation of genetic seedlessness donors among grape varieties of Anapa zonal experimental station of viticulture and winemaking, such as Lotos, Zhemchug of Anapa and Kishmish pink AZOS. These studies were carried out with a simultaneous complex study of economically valuable traits and annually changing weather conditions. In addition, the assessment of these varieties was carried out according to seedlessness sign intensity in the conditions of the Anapo-Taman viticulture zone. The greatest mass of rudiments of all analyzed samples was found in Kishmish pink AZOS variety, therefore, it was assigned to the third category of seedlessness, although the mass ratio of rudiments to the mass of the berry is negligible. The rest of the studied seedless grape varieties in comparison with the control variety (Radiant Kishmish) have a higher seedless class. It particularly concerns varieties such varieties as Zhemchug of Anapa and Lotus, belonging to the first and second classes of seedlessness, respectively. Along with this, a long-term work was carried out to study the yield of these varieties and their productivity (coefficients of fruiting and fertility), the phenology of plant development depending on weather conditions. In particular, it was found that high productivity parameters are observed in all the studied varieties every year; Lotus and Zhemchug of Anapa have also high yield every year. The conducted work has shown prospects for using grape varieties of Anapa Experimental Station as future seedlessness donors.

scholarly journals Selection of powdery mildew resistant and susceptible grapevine genotypes with molecular markers

2007 ◽  
pp. 100-104
Author(s):  
Stella Molnár ◽  
Zsuzsanna Galbács ◽  
Gábor Halász ◽  
Sarolta Hoffmann ◽  
Anikó Veres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Powdery Mildew Resistance ◽  
Resistance Breeding ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Muscadinia Rotundifolia ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Grape Breeding

Incorporation of competitive quality and resistance against the most important fungal diseases (powdery and downy mildew) in a cultivar is one of the most important aims of grapevine breeding. In the 20th century, the most advanced results in grapevine resistance breeding were achieved by French researchers. They used resistant cultivars in more than 30% of their growing areas. In these varieties, North American wild Vitisspecies were the resistance gene sources. The discovery of immunity-like resistance of Muscadinia rotundifolia opened new perspectives in resistance breeding. M. rotundifolia harbours a dominant powdery mildew gene, providing resistance in highquality cultivars after back-crosses with V. vinifera varieties. M. rotundifolia has been involved in the Hungarian grape breeding programs since 1996, thanks to a French-Hungarian variety exchange. In addition to traditional selection methods, application of MAS (Marker Assisted Selection) based on various types ofmolecular markers, can provide additional tools for these efforts. Run1 locus, responsible for powdery mildew resistance, was identified in Muscadinia rotundifolia. Molecular markers closely linked to this locus are very significant in screening progenies deriving from M. rotundifolia and V. vinifera crosses, making possible the discrimination between resistant and susceptible genotypes at DNA level. In our analyses BC5 progeny of {(M. rotundifola×V. vinifera) BC4}×Cardinal (V. vinifera) tested for powdery symptoms were analysed with PCR-RFLP (GLP1- 12P1P3) and microsatellite markers (VMC4f3.1, VMC8g9). Our results proved the applicability of the linked markers and reliability of marker assisted selection.

scholarly journals 672 PB 148 EXAMINATION OF QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI IN APPLE (MALLUS × DOMESTICA) USING MOLECULAR MARKERS

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 529b-529
Author(s):  
Patrick J. Conner ◽  
Susan K. Brown ◽  
Norman F. Weeden
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Resistance Breeding ◽  
Breeding Program ◽  
Multiple Disease Resistance ◽  
Parental Material ◽  
Disease Resistance Breeding ◽  
Plant Form

Molecular markers (isozyme and DNA) have been used to map apple and have helped to elucidate the inheritance of some morphological traits. In this project random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and isozyme markers were used to create maps for `Wijcik McIntosh, a columnar (reduced branching) sport of `McIntosh' and NY 75441-67, an advanced selection from the multiple disease resistance breeding program. NY 75441-67 is resistant to scab source of resistance from M. floribunda) and resistant to cedar apple rust. `Wijcik McIntosh' is being used in the breeding program as a source of the dominant gene, Co, for reduced branching, but there is also interest in this genotype because of the tremendous variation in plant form observed in progenies segregating for columnar habit. Some of these form variants may be of greater commercial interest than the parental material. Morphological traits examined in this progeny included plant height, stem diameter, suckering, branching habit, spur production, and internode length. The usefulness of molecular markers to pre-select for components of plant form is being examined. Molecular markers promise to aid our understanding and manipulation of quantitative morphological traits.

Molecular Markers Linked to Heat Tolerance of Broccoli

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 472d-472
Author(s):  
Yau-Wen Yang
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Inbred Line ◽  
Heat Tolerance ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Breeding Program ◽  
The Other ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Local Cultivars ◽  
Southern Taiwan ◽  
Heat Tolerant

A heat-tolerant broccoli cultivar was derived from the cross between two inbred lines. One inbred line of S7 is selected from a local cultivars in southern Taiwan, and the other of S6 is from the progenies of hybrids between broccoli and white flowering kale. The heat tolerance of this cultivar is believed to be inherited from the white flowering kale, which has been grown in southern Taiwan for a long period of time and has the characteristic of heat tolerance. Several molecular markers that may be linked to the heat tolerance were indentified and may be able to be used in the future breeding program of broccoli and its related varieties.

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