Anticancer Effects & Comparative Study of Thymoquinone, Cordyceps, Spirulina, Ganoderma Lucidium, Poria Cocos, and Lion’s Mane on Human Nasal Cancer Cells (RPMI-2650)

2020 ◽  
pp. 62-78
Author(s):  
سعيد مزعل موازي ◽  
يحيى فائق حسين ◽  
عبد المنعم دولاني ◽  
سيف يوسف عبدالله السويدي
Keyword(s):  
Term Treatment ◽  
Epithelial Cell Line ◽  
Anticancer Effect ◽  
Short Term Treatment ◽  
Poria Cocos ◽  
Nasal Cancer ◽  
Antineoplastic Effect ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
High Concentrations

Recently, many studies have been conducted to discover or improve cancers treatment. The current study aims to investigate the anticancer effect of thymoquinone, cordyceps, spirulina, ganoderma lucidium, poria cocos, and lion’s mane in four different concentrations 4, 8, 16, and 32 ug (equivalent to 1 mg/mL) in two different time treatments (48 and 96 hours) on human nasal epithelial cell line RPMI 2650. By using cell culture cytotoxicity techniques and assay, the highest anticancer effect on RPMI 2650 was obtained by thymoquinone. The lowest anticancer effect was demonstrated by poria cocos and cordyceps. However, these two medications showed higher anticancer effect when given in short-term treatment (48 hours) compared to long-term treatment (96 hours). Ganoderma lucidium and spirulina showed better impact than poria cocos, cordyceps, and lion’s mane in term of cells cytotoxicity. Mild to moderate antineoplastic effect was seen by utilizing lion’s mane treatment compared other drugs. Therefore, adopting a long-term treatment of high concentrations and doses of thymoquinone, cordyceps, spirulina, ganoderma lucidium, poria cocos, and lion’s mane can be more effective in the treatment of nasal cancer. In conclusion, these drugs were found to be a promising cancer remedy; therefore, they can be utilized as alternative treatment for nasal cancer or any other type of cancer therapy.

Fluvoxamine in the Treatment of Trichotillomania: An 8-Week, Open-Label Study

CNS Spectrums ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 3 (9) ◽  
pp. 64-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary A. Christenson ◽  
Scott J. Crow ◽  
James E. Mitchell ◽  
Thomas B. Mackenzie ◽  
Ross D. Crosby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Response ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Hair Pulling ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Short Term Treatment ◽  
Open Label Study ◽  
Label Study ◽  
Long Term Treatment

AbstractThis short-term, open-label study investigates short- and long-term effects of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) fluvoxamine for the treatment of trichotillomania (TTM). Additionally, this study aimed to test the hypothesis that the presence of hair pulling compulsiveness is predictive of SSRI response. Nineteen subjects meeting the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Third Edition Revised, (DSM-III-R) criteria for TTM were treated with fluvoxamine at doses up to 300 mg/day. Random regression analysis of change across time for patients who completed the study (n=14) and those who dropped out (n=5) revealed statistically significant improvements in Physician Rating Scale, hair-pulling episodes, Trichotillomania Impairment Scale, and Trichotillomania Symptom Severity Scale, but not in estimated amount of hair pulled. In addition, the percentage of patients' focused or compulsive hair-pulling symptoms was predictive of treatment response. Unfortunately, all three subjects who entered long-term treatment displayed substantial movement back toward baseline by the end of 6 months. We concluded that fluvoxamine produces moderate reductions in symptoms during the short-term treatment of TTM and that the presence of focused or compulsive hair pulling may be predictive of treatment response. However, responses may be short lived when treatment is extended.

scholarly journals Mitochondrial and Oxidative Impacts of Short and Long-term Administration of HAART on HIV Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-124
Author(s):  
Joy E. Ikekpeazu ◽  
Oliver C. Orji ◽  
Ikenna K. Uchendu ◽  
Lawrence U.S. Ezeanyika
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Treatment ◽  
Hiv Patients ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
Term Administration ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
One Year

Background and Objective: There may be a possible link between the use of HAART and oxidative stress-related mitochondrial dysfunction in HIV patients. We evaluated the mitochondrial and oxidative impacts of short and long-term administration of HAART on HIV patients attending the Enugu State University Teaching (ESUT) Hospital, Enugu, Nigeria following short and long-term therapy. Methods: 96 patients categorized into four groups of 24 individuals were recruited for the study. Group 1 comprised of age-matched, apparently healthy, sero-negative individuals (the No HIV group); group 2 consisted of HIV sero-positive individuals who had not started any form of treatment (the Treatment naïve group). Individuals in group 3 were known HIV patients on HAART for less than one year (Short-term treatment group), while group 4 comprised of HIV patients on HAART for more than one year (Long-term treatment group). All patients were aged between 18 to 60 years and attended the HIV clinic at the time of the study. Determination of total antioxidant status (TAS in nmol/l), malondialdehyde (MDA in mmol/l), CD4+ count in cells/μl, and genomic studies were all done using standard operative procedures. Results: We found that the long-term treatment group had significantly raised the levels of MDA, as well as significantly diminished TAS compared to the Short-term treatment and No HIV groups (P<0.05). In addition, there was significantly elevated variation in the copy number of mitochondrial genes (mtDNA: D-loop, ATPase 8, TRNALEU uur) in the long-term treatment group. Interpretation and Conclusion: Long-term treatment with HAART increases oxidative stress and causes mitochondrial alterations in HIV patients.

Long-Term Management of Generalized Pustular Psoriasis with Infliximab: Case Series

2008 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 184-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon B. Routhouska ◽  
Pranav B. Sheth ◽  
Neil J. Korman
Keyword(s):  
Case Reports ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Pustular Psoriasis ◽  
Short Term Treatment ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
Generalized Pustular Psoriasis ◽  
Factor Α ◽  
Term Management

Background: Infliximab, a tumor necrosis factor α antagonist, has recently been shown to be successful for the short-term treatment of generalized pustular psoriasis (GPP) in multiple case reports. Objective: The goal of this case series was to assess the efficacy of the longer-term management of GPP with infliximab. Methods: Three patients with severe GPP were followed to assess the efficacy of long-term treatment with infliximab. Results: Infliximab therapy was more efficacious with infusion every 6 to 8 weeks in combination with methotrexate. Conclusion: Infliximab may be efficacious for some patients for the long-term management of GPP. Maintaining a strict infliximab infusion schedule and concomitant methotrexate therapy may decrease infusion reactions and increase efficacy.

scholarly journals Brushing Influences Transplant Growth and Subsequent Yield of Four Cultivars of Tomato and Their Hybrid Lines

1992 ◽  
Vol 117 (3) ◽  
pp. 384-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomio Johjima ◽  
Joyce G. Latimer ◽  
Hiroshi Wakita
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Stress ◽  
Stem Elongation ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Treatment ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
Growth Habits ◽  
Hybrid Lines

Pot-grown seedlings of seven lines [`Red Cherry' (RC), `Moneymaker' (MM), `Dantobi-yohzu' (DY), `Furikoma' (FK), RC × FK, MM × DY, and MM × FK] of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) were brushed with a suspended steel bar for 1.5 minutes twice daily for 18 days (short-term treatment) before being transplanted to beds in a plastic greenhouse. Brushing was continued on a selected group of plants for an additional 10 days (long-term treatment). Short-term brushing slightly reduced the number of leaves, but markedly reduced leaf size and stem elongation of all lines. Dry weights of lamina, petioles, and stems of brushed plants of each cultivar except FK were less than those of the respective controls. However, the ratios of root: shoot dry weight of brushed plants were unchanged or higher than those of the respective controls. Short-term brushing did not increase the total number or weight of tomato fruits harvested over 1 month and did not improve fruit quality, size, or color. Long-term brushing reduced the total yield (number and weight) of fruits of RC and total fruit weight of DY. With respect to sensitivity to mechanical stress, cultivars with taller growth habits were more responsive to brushing than were those with shorter growth habits. These characteristic responses to mechanical stress also were exhibited by the hybrid lines.

scholarly journals Construction of effective induction of immune tolerance to rheumatoid arthritis using fingolimod

Impact ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (5) ◽  
pp. 51-53
Author(s):  
Yuya Yoshida
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Autoimmune Diseases ◽  
Immune Tolerance ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
The Body ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Treatment ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
New Treatments

Autoimmune diseases occur when the body begins to attack normal cells instead of fighting off diseases and infections. There are ways of treating autoimmune diseases, but these provide only short-term relief, and there is no cure. Therefore, relapse tends to be an inevitable part of autoimmune diseases. Dr Yuya Yoshida is a specialist in immunology based in the Department of Pathological Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, Japan, who is investigating the possibility of inducing immune tolerance and, in doing so, eliminating the need for long-term treatment. He and his team are working to devise a treatment strategy that enables complete short-term treatment and can then maintain long-term remission without the need for drug treatment. The ultimate goal for the team is a breakthrough in the treatment of autoimmune diseases, which would have far-reaching benefits for patients and the field of medicine. A key focus for Yoshida and his team is how an immunomodulating medication called fingolimod (FTY720) could be used to induce immune tolerance and, in doing so, stop the cycle of remission and relapse. There is potential for FTY720 to be used to develop new treatments and eliminate the need for patients to rely on long-term treatment. In particular, the researchers are focusing on multiple sclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis. One investigation involves the use of animal models to explore the construction of effective induction of immune tolerance to rheumatoid arthritis using FTY720.

scholarly journals Long-term treatment with valganciclovir improves lentiviral suicide gene therapy of glioblastoma

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 890-900 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jubayer A Hossain ◽  
Md A Latif ◽  
Lars A R Ystaas ◽  
Sandra Ninzima ◽  
Kristoffer Riecken ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Therapy ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Suicide Gene ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Suicide Gene Therapy ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Treatment ◽  
Long Term Treatment

Abstract Background Suicide gene therapy for malignant gliomas has shown encouraging results in the latest clinical trials. However, prodrug application was most often restricted to short-term treatment (14 days), especially when replication-defective vectors were used. We previously showed that a substantial fraction of herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSV-TK) transduced tumor cells survive ganciclovir (GCV) treatment in an orthotopic glioblastoma (GBM) xenograft model. Here we analyzed whether these TK+ tumor cells are still sensitive to prodrug treatment and whether prolonged prodrug treatment can enhance treatment efficacy. Methods Glioma cells positive for TK and green fluorescent protein (GFP) were sorted from xenograft tumors recurring after suicide gene therapy, and their sensitivity to GCV was tested in vitro. GBM xenografts were treated with HSV-TK/GCV, HSV-TK/valganciclovir (valGCV), or HSV-TK/valGCV + erlotinib. Tumor growth was analyzed by MRI, and survival as well as morphological and molecular changes were assessed. Results TK-GFP+ tumor cells from recurrent xenograft tumors retained sensitivity to GCV in vitro. Importantly, a prolonged period (3 mo) of prodrug administration with valganciclovir (valGCV) resulted in a significant survival advantage compared with short-term (3 wk) application of GCV. Recurrent tumors from the treatment groups were more invasive and less angiogenic compared with primary tumors and showed significant upregulation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression. However, double treatment with the EGFR inhibitor erlotinib did not increase therapeutic efficacy. Conclusion Long-term treatment with valGCV should be considered as a replacement for short-term treatment with GCV in clinical trials of HSV-TK mediated suicide gene therapy.

Practical Aspects of Long-Term Treatment with Lithium

1992 ◽  
Vol 6 (2_suppl) ◽  
pp. 330-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iain Glen
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Treatment ◽  
Depressive Illness ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Term Therapy ◽  
Manic Depressive Illness ◽  
Short Term Treatment ◽  
Manic Depressive ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
Long Term Therapy

There is no increase in the overall mortality of patients undergoing long-term lithium treatment compared with those receiving short-term treatment. Lithium causes a reduction in the incidence of suicide in patients suffering from manic depressive illness. Long-term treatment with lithium is more effective than treatment with imipramine or amitriptyline. Drug interactions may cause problems during long-term therapy with lithium. A reduction in plasma levels of lithium should be considered in stable patients on long-term prophylaxis. Discontinuation of therapy often results in a relapse. The toxicity of lithium is related to its effects on calcium transport.

scholarly journals Stable Colonization of Orally Administered Lactobacillus casei SY13 Alters the Gut Microbiota

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanchun Yue ◽  
Xiaoxi Xu ◽  
Baoyu Yang ◽  
Jing Lu ◽  
Shuwen Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Lactobacillus Casei ◽  
Illumina Miseq ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Treatment ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
Colonization Ability

The gut microbiota plays an important role in intestinal health. Probiotics such as Lactobacillus are known to regulate gut microbes and prevent diseases. However, most of them are unable to colonize their stability in hosts’ intestinal tracts. In this study, we investigated the ability of Lactobacillus casei SY13 (SY13) to colonize the intestinal tract of BALB/c mice, after its oral administration for a short-term (once for a day) and long-term (once daily for 27 days) duration. Furthermore, we also evaluated the influence of its administration on the gut microbial structure and diversity in mice. Male BALB/c mice were gavaged with 108 colony-forming units (CFU) of SY13, and TaqMan-MGB probe and Illumina MiSeq sequencing were performed to assess the colonization ability and bacterial community structure in the cecum contents. The results showed that long-term treatment with SY13 enhanced its ability to form a colony in the intestine tract in contrast to the short-term treatment group, whose colony was retained for only 3 days. Oral administration of SY13 also significantly enhanced the gut microbial diversity. Short-term treatment with SY13 (SSY13) elevated Firmicutes and diminished Bacteroidetes phyla compared with long-term treatment (LSY13) and controls. The findings laid the foundation for the study of probiotic colonization ability and improvement of microbiota for the prevention of gut diseases.

scholarly journals A retrospective, observational, single center study of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist protocols at the Reproductive Center of Farah Hospital in Jordan

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 3103
Author(s):  
Zaid Kilani ◽  
Mohammad Shaban
Keyword(s):  
Term Treatment ◽  
Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Clinical Pregnancy ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Treatment ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
Group A

Background: Data on infertility and in vitro fertilization (IVF) are incomplete and uncertain in Jordan and worldwide because of difficulties in evaluating infertility in the general population. This study aimed at comparing the effectiveness of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists (GnRH-a) long and short protocols as part of IVF or intracytoplasmic sperm injection.Methods: This observational, retrospective, comparative, longitudinal study was conducted in a reproductive center in Jordan. It reviewed data charts from women who took GnRH-a for IVF, from 2010 to 2013. These were categorized in Group A (long-term GnRH-a: single 3.75 mg-monthly injection) or Group B (short-term GnRH-a: multiple daily 0.1 mg injections). The primary endpoint was the rate of ongoing clinical pregnancy (number of pregnancies/number of women) and live birth rate in fresh cycle/protocols.Results: Out of 1,946 eligible women, 471 underwent the long-term treatment of GnRH-a administration and 1,523 the short-term treatment. The women’s mean age was 29.61±3.80 years old. Out of the 471 women in Group A, 216 (45.9%) women had ongoing clinical pregnancy, of whom 69 (31.9%) had live births. In the short-protocol group, 485 (31.8%) women had ongoing clinical pregnancy, of whom 133 (27.4%) had live births.Conclusions: GnRH-a long protocol is more effective than the short protocol regardless of the agonist formulation used in subfertile women/men who underwent IVF/ intracytoplasmic sperm injection.

scholarly journals The Use of Antidepressants in the Long-Term Treatment Should not Improve the Impact of Fibromyalgia on Quality of Life

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 120-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
MG Carta ◽  
V Ruggiero ◽  
F Sancassiani ◽  
F Cutrano ◽  
AR Manca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Observational Research ◽  
Short Term Treatment ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
The Impact

Background: Antidepressant (AD) drugs are effective in the short term treatment of fibromyalgia (FM). It may be useful to study the long-term impact of AD on patients with FM. Methods: One-year follow-up study on 23 females with FM divided into groups on AD (ADg-N=7), and not taking AD (NADg-N=11). Evaluation at t1 and at the end (t2) with the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ); at t2 with: SCID-IV; Mood Disorder Questionnaire (MDQ); Short Form-12; Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D); Functioning Assessment Short Test (FAST) Results: After a year the AD group showed a worst impact of the disease by FIQ (p=0.017), worsened quality of life by SF-12 (p<0.01), and disability linked to bipolar symptoms by FAST (p=0.05). About 40% of the sample was screened positive at MDQ without difference in the two groups. The patients who recovered from a depressive episode did not differ between ADg and NADg (20% vs 33.3%), and were fewer than expected from the literature (40-60%). The HAM-D score at the end of the trial was worse in the ADg (p<0.03). Limitations: Observational research on few patients, not specifically designed to test the hypothesis. The results have a heuristic value only. Discussion: The results should be read in the light of the high prevalence of patients screened positive for Bipolar Disorders and of the well-known poor response of the mood symptoms to antidepressants in Bipolar Depression. The deterioration in the long-term management of FM patients following AD treatments suggests the need for new and robust studies.

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