scholarly journals Optimization of Chromium Speciation into Cr(III) - Tannic form

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Jenifer Alfonda Walewangko ◽  
Djefry Tani ◽  
Joice Caroles
Keyword(s):  
Metal Species ◽  
Complexing Agent ◽  
Chromium Speciation ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Acid Complex ◽  
Chromium Species ◽  
Optimum Ph ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Heavy Metal Species

This research was conducted to determine the heavy metal species of Cr (III). Determination of heavy metals is determined based on the required chromium species using the UV-Vis spectrophotometry method. The sample used was CrCl3.H2O and the complexing agent was tannic acid. This research was conducted to determine the effect of pH, concentration and time of stability by finding the optimum conditions of the chromium - tanic acid complex. The optimum pH is at pH 11, the optimum concentration is at a ratio of 5: 1 concentration (Cr: tanic acid), the stability of time is at the 10th minute.

DETERMINATION OF T.N.T. (2,4,6-TRINITROTOLUENE) IN AIR

1941 ◽  
Vol 19b (3) ◽  
pp. 86-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kingsley Kay
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Practical Method ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Accurate Comparison ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Red Coloration

A practical method for determining the concentration of T.N.T. in workroom atmospheres has been developed and has been given successful field tests. The accuracy of the method described is approximately ± 10%. The method is a comparative one, depending upon the red coloration produced when 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene in acetone is treated with a solution of sodium hydroxide in water. The stability of the coloration has been studied and the optimum conditions of temperature and concentrations of reactants have been determined. In addition the range of colour that allows the most accurate comparison has been evaluated. Minor refinements are at present in progress with a view to increasing the accuracy of the test.

scholarly journals Optimum Conditions for Determination of the Stability of Weak Complexes.

1969 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 2808-2814 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunnar Norheim ◽  
Kjell P. Walseth ◽  
Svend Erik Rasmussen ◽  
D. Heinegård ◽  
Alexandru T. Balaban ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Weak Complexes ◽  
The Stability

Application of Benzoyl-Acetone as a Cation Carrier in Mercury (II) Extraction by Using Liquid Membrane Emulsion Technique

2019 ◽  
Vol 811 ◽  
pp. 80-85
Author(s):  
Baharuddin Hamzah ◽  
Sitti Rahmawati ◽  
Ririen Hardani
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Membrane ◽  
Acidic Solution ◽  
Complexing Agent ◽  
Mixed Surfactant ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Membrane Phase ◽  
Internal Phase ◽  
External Phase ◽  
Phase Solution

Mercury (II) extraction from acidic solution with benzoyl-acetone as a cation carrier by liquid membrane emulsion (LME) technique was researched. The liquid membrane emulsion was made by mixing 15 mL the membrane phase solution (containing 2% mixed surfactant of span-80 & span-20, 0.020 M of Benzoyl-acetone in kerosene) and 15 mL the internal phase solution (containing nitric acid) with emulsification rate of 2000 rpm. The optimum condition for mercury (II) extraction were found as follows : extraction time with 300 rpm rate is 10 minutes, pH of the external phase is 2, concentration of HNO3 in the internal phase is 2 M. Determination of mercury (II) in the external phase after extraction was done by Viscible Spectrophotometer (490 nm) with dithizone as a complexing agent. By using these optimum conditions, 30 ml of LME can extract 30 ppm of mercury (II) within 150 ml of the external phase with extraction percentage of 96.8.

Sensitive Determination of Sertraline in Commercial Drugs and Its Stability Check in Simulated Gastric Juice

2016 ◽  
Vol 99 (6) ◽  
pp. 1527-1532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elif Seda Koçoğlu ◽  
Sezgin Bakırdere ◽  
Seyfullah Keyf
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Juice ◽  
Quantitative Measurement ◽  
Calibration Plot ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Selected Ion Monitoring ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Lower Detection ◽  
Sensitive Determination ◽  
The Stability

Abstract A sensitive analytical method was developed for the determination of sertraline in commercial drug samples by using GC–MS. The selected-ion monitoring mode was used at the most sensitive m/z 274 to obtain a lower detection limit. LOD/LOQ values were obtained as 1.6/5.4 ng/mL for sertraline under the optimum conditions. The calibration plot was linear between 5.0 and 2000 ng/mL with the correlation coefficient of 0.9999. The validated method was successfully applied to three different brands of drug samples for both qualitative and quantitative measurement of sertraline. In this experiment, four replicate extractions were performed for each brand, and the results were compared to the values written on the labels of the drug brands. Spiking experiments were also performed to check the effect of the matrixes on the determination, and it was observed that there was no shift in the retention time of the analyte. In addition, simulated gastric juice experiments were performed to check the stability of sertraline in the stomach for 240 min, and it was observed that there was no change in the structure of the analyte.

scholarly journals Determination of Trace Amount of Pd(II) and Ni(II) with Newly Synthesized Pyrozlon Azo Bromo Phenol by Spectrophotometric Methods

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (s1) ◽  
pp. S425-S433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hussain J Mohammed ◽  
Azhar Y Muhi ◽  
Hayder Al Meisslemaw
Keyword(s):  
Linear Correlation ◽  
Conductivity Measurements ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Selective Method ◽  
Spectrophotometric Methods ◽  
Full Color ◽  
Color Development ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Intense Color

A sensitive and selective method has been developed for the determination of palladium(II) and nickel(II). A new reagent and two complexes have been prepared in aqueous solutions. The method is based on the chelation of metal ions with 4-(4'- antipyriyl azo ) -2-bromo phenol (APBP) to form an intense color soluble products, that are stable and have a maximum absorption at 498 nm and at 433.5 nm and εmaxof 0.21×104and.0.38×104Lmole-1cm-1for Pd(II) Ni(II) respectively. A linear correlation of (0.2 - 3) and (0.6 -2.2) ppm for Pd(II) Ni(II) respectively. The stoichiometry of both complexes was found to be 1:2 (metal:ligand). The effect of various cations and anions on Pd(II) and Ni(II) determination have been investigated. The stability constants Pd(II) and Ni(II) were 0.37×108, 0.38×108L mol-1respectively. The conductivity measurements for complexes are consistent with those expected for an electrolyte. The optimum conditions for full color development for described methods were applied satisfactorily to synthetic mixtures samples and biological samples.

scholarly journals SIMULTANEOUS DETERMINATION OF CADMIUM, COPPER AND LEAD IN SEA WATER BY ADSORPTIVE STRIPPING VOLTAMMETRY IN THE PRESENCE OF CALCON AS A COMPLEXING AGENT

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 236-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deswati Deswati ◽  
Hamzar Suyani ◽  
Safni Safni ◽  
Umiati Loekman ◽  
Hilfi Pardi
Keyword(s):  
Simultaneous Determination ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Stripping Voltammetry ◽  
Adsorptive Stripping Voltammetry ◽  
Complexing Agent ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Accumulation Time ◽  
Accumulation Potential ◽  
Relative Standard

A selective and sensitive adsorptive stripping voltammetric (AdSV) procedure for the simultaneous determination of cadmium, copper and lead in the sea water was conducted. The aim of this research is to get optimum condition for simultaneous determination of cadmium, copper and lead. Adsorptive stripping voltammetry has been used for determination of trace amount of Cd(II), Cu(II) and Pb (II) by using calcon as a complexing agent. The parameters studied were variation of calcon concentration, pH, accumulation potential and accumulation time. In this study, the optimum conditions were calcon concentration of 0.6 mM, pH = 4.0, accumulation potential of -0.7 V and accumulation time of 80 sec. At the optimum conditions, the relative standard deviation were 8.78%, 3.12%, and 4.02% for Cd(II), Cu(II) and Pb(II) respectively for eight replicates (n = 8) measurements of 10 μg/L mixed standard solution of Cd(II), Cu(II) and Pb(II). The method was applied to the direct simultaneous determination of Cd(II), Cu(II) and Pb(II) in sea water around Bungus, Padang City. Concentration of Cd(II), Cu(II) and Pb(II) in samples were equal to 1.8 μg/L for Cd(II), 38.6 μg/L for Cu(II) and 0.7 μg/L for Pb(II) with recovery of 87.03%, 98.80%, and 95.73%, respectively.

Spectrophotometric determination of nickel(II) in different samples by complexation with some triazolylazo dyes

2006 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Khedr
Keyword(s):  
Spectrophotometric Determination ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Direct Determination ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Linear Calibration ◽  
Phenolic Ring ◽  
Determination Of Nickel ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Sensitive Spectrophotometric Method

AbstractA new sensitive spectrophotometric method for the determination of nickel(II) with 3-(2-hydroxy-5-acetyl-(L1),-5-ethoxycarbonyl-(L2),-5-methyl-(L3),-5-formyl-(L4),-5-bromophen-1-ylazo)-1,2,4-triazole (L5), and 3-(2,4-dihydroxyphen-1-ylazo)-1,2,4-triazole (L6) in aqueous media containing 40 vol. % methanol has been developed. The method is based on the formation of stable coloured Ni(II) complexes with stoichiometric ratios 1: 1 and 1: 2 (n(M): n(L)). Linear calibration graphs are obtained up to 7.04 µg cm−3 of nickel(II) under optimum conditions attained from investigation of complex formation. The absorption maxima varied from 485 nm to 545 nm and the molar absorptivities ranged from 0.84 × 104 to 4.65 × 104 dm3 mol−1 cm−1 for 1: 1 and 1: 2 (n(M): n(L)) complexes with varying the substituent on the phenolic ring. The optimum ranges for the direct determination of nickel(II) (Ringbom) and the stability constants of the formed complexes are determined. The developed method was applied to the spectrophotometric determination of nickel(II) in some samples with satisfactory results.

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