Study of the Optimal Conditions of Levan Production from a Local Isolate of Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis w36

The present study was aimed to test optimum conditions for the levan production from local isolation Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis w36, which was isolated from Basrah city soil by using production medium containing (40 g of sucrose as carbon source 10g pepton, 1g (NH4) 2SO4, 1g KH2PO4, 1g MgSO4.7H2O). The amount of levan produced was 4.9 g.ml-1. Molasses and date juice were used as substitutes for sucrose in growth media and substitute percentages were (25%, 50%, 75% and100%). The results showed the highest production of levan was recorded when sucrose was substituted with 25% molasses, which was 5.2 g.ml-1.Therefore, this medium was used to study optimum conditions included incubation period, inoculation volume, temperature ,initial pH. The highest production of levan was 6.8 g .100 ml-1 within 40 hours' incubation, 1 ml inoculum volume, pH 6.5 and 32 ºC.

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Wild type Bacillus subtilis treated with ethyl methyl sulphonate produced catabolite insensitive mutants with improved cellulase production

10.21203/rs.3.rs-278081/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Oladipo Olaniyi

Keyword(s):

Bacillus Subtilis ◽

Carbon Source ◽

Enzyme Production ◽

Cellulase Activity ◽

Cellulase Production ◽

Minimal Salt Medium ◽

Salt Medium ◽

Production Medium ◽

Wild Type ◽

Ethyl Methyl

Abstract The goal of this present investigation was to mutagenize Bacillus subtilis with Ethyl Methyl Sulphonate (EMS), screen the mutants for cellulase production and evaluate the influence of different glucose concentrations on their cellulase production potentials. The wild type B. subtilis was treated with 20, 40, 60 and 80 µl of EMS and the mutants generated were screened for cellulase production in minimal salt medium containing carboxylmethylcellulose (CMC) as the carbon source. Quantitatively, cellulase activity and protein contents were determined by dinitrosalicylic acid and Lowry methods respectively. Seven mutants were developed from each of the EMS concentration bringing the total to twenty-eight from all the concentrations. Approximately 14 and 57% of the mutants developed from 40 and 60µl of EMS had higher cellulase activities than the wild type, while none of the mutants developed from 20 and 80 µl of EMS had better activities than the wild type. The supplementation of 0.2, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5% glucose in enzyme production medium caused approximately 100, 14, 29 and 14% cellulase repression respectively in the mutants developed from 60µl EMS. Mutants MSSS02 and MSSS05 were considered as catabolite insensitive mutants because their cellulase production were enhanced in comparison to wild type.

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Improvement of delta-endotoxin production from local Bacillus thuringiensis Se13 using Taguchi’s orthogonal array methodology

Turkish Journal of Biochemistry ◽

10.1515/tjb-2017-0364 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 43 (6) ◽

pp. 662-670 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ardahan Eski ◽

Zihni Demirbağ ◽

İsmail Demir

Keyword(s):

Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽

Incubation Period ◽

Orthogonal Array ◽

Incubation Temperature ◽

Taguchi Methods ◽

Optimum Level ◽

Optimum Conditions ◽

Delta Endotoxin ◽

Initial Ph ◽

Four Levels

Abstract Objective The insecticidal activity of Bacillus thuringiensis directly depends on the yield of delta-endotoxins. In this study, various nutritional and cultural parameters influencing delta-endotoxin synthesis by a local isolate of B. thuringiensis Se13 were investigated using Taguchi methods. Methods In the first experiment, four factors, incubation period, incubation temperature, initial pH and medium, each at four levels, were selected and an orthogonal array layout of L16 was carried out. In the second experiment, Taguchi’s orthogonal array method of L27 was used to evaluate the effects of the different concentration of medium components. Taguchi’s signal–noise ratio and variance analysis were applied to determine the effect of the factors. After each experiment, verification studies were carried out using determined optimum conditions. Results The optimum conditions for incubation period, incubation temperature, initial pH, and medium determined as 72 h, 30°C, pH 9, and M4 medium, respectively. In the second experiment, soybean flour (5%), glucose (5%), KH2PO4 (0.3%), K2HPO4 (0.1%), MgSO4 (0.4%) were determined as the optimum conditions. The delta-endotoxin yield was elevated to 1559.25 μg mL−1 when the factors were adjusted to optimum level. Conclusion Optimization using the Taguchi method appeared to be a good choice for the overproduction of delta-endotoxin.

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Optimization of Lactic Acid Production from Pineapple By-Products and an Inexpensive Nitrogen Source Using Lactiplantibacillus plantarum strain 4O8

International Journal of Food Science ◽

10.1155/2021/1742018 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Joel Romial Ngouénam ◽

Pierre Marie Kaktcham ◽

Chancel Hector Momo Kenfack ◽

Edith Marius Foko Kouam ◽

François Zambou Ngoufack

Keyword(s):

Lactic Acid ◽

Carbon Source ◽

Nitrogen Source ◽

Acid Production ◽

Lactic Acid Production ◽

Nitrogen Sources ◽

Production Medium ◽

Optimum Conditions ◽

Pharmaceutical Industries ◽

By Products

Lactic acid (LA) is used in food, cosmetic, chemical, and pharmaceutical industries and has recently attracted much attention in the production of biodegradable polymers. The expensive substances including carbon and nitrogen sources involved in its fermentative synthesis and the increasing market demand of LA have prompted scientists to look for inexpensive raw materials from which it can be produced. This research was aimed at determining the optimum conditions of lactic acid (LA) production from pineapple by-products and an inexpensive nitrogen source using Lactiplantibacillus plantarum strain 4O8. After collection and preparation of the carbon source (pineapple by-products) and nitrogen sources (by-products from fish, chicken, and beer brewing industries), they were used for the formulation of 4 different media in terms of nitrogen sources. Then, the proximate compositions of promising nitrogen sources were determined. This was followed by the screening of factors (temperature, carbon source, nitrogen source, MgSO4, MnSO4, FeSO4, KH2PO4, and KHPO4) influencing the production of LA using the definitive plan. Lastly, the optimization process was done using the central composite design. The highest LA productions ( 14.64 ± 0.05 g / l and 13.4 ± 0.02 g / l ) were obtained in production medium supplemented with chicken and fish by-products, respectively, making them the most promising sources of nitrogen. The proximate analysis of these nitrogen sources revealed that their protein contents were 83.00 ± 1.41 % DM and 74.00 ± 1.41 % DM for chicken by-products and fish by-products, respectively. Concerning the screening of factors, temperature, nitrogen source, and carbon source were the factors that showed a major impact on LA production in the production medium containing chicken by-products as nitrogen source. A pineapple by-product concentration of 141.75 g/l, a nitrogen source volume of 108.99 ml/l, and a temperature of 30.89°C were recorded as the optimum conditions for LA production. The optimization led to a 2.73-fold increase in LA production when compared with the production medium without nitrogen source. According to these results, chicken by-products are a promising and an inexpensive nitrogen source that can be an alternative to yeast extract in lactic acid production.

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Optimization of Cellulase Production from Bacteria Isolated from Soil

ISRN Biotechnology ◽

10.5402/2013/985685 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 60

Author(s):

Sonia Sethi ◽

Aparna Datta ◽

B. Lal Gupta ◽

Saksham Gupta

Keyword(s):

Bacillus Subtilis ◽

Carbon Source ◽

Pseudomonas Fluorescens ◽

Carbon Sources ◽

Nitrogen Sources ◽

Fermentation Medium ◽

Cellulase Production ◽

Culture Conditions ◽

Optimum Conditions ◽

E Coli

Cellulase-producing bacteria were isolated from soil and identified as Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus subtilIs, E. coli, and Serratia marcescens. Optimization of the fermentation medium for maximum cellulase production was carried out. The culture conditions like pH, temperature, carbon sources, and nitrogen sources were optimized. The optimum conditions found for cellulase production were 40°C at pH 10 with glucose as carbon source and ammonium sulphate as nitrogen source, and coconut cake stimulates the production of cellulase. Among bacteria, Pseudomonas fluorescens is the best cellulase producer among the four followed by Bacillus subtilis, E. coli, and Serratia marscens.

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Study on Coupled Oxidation and Microwave Process in Treating Urban Landfill Leachate by Fenton and Fenton-Like Reaction

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.393-395.1443 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 393-395 ◽

pp. 1443-1446 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Bin Hui Jiang ◽

Yan Zhao ◽

Yi Jin ◽

Xiao Min Hu ◽

Li Jiang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Microwave Irradiation ◽

Landfill Leachate ◽

Room Temperature ◽

Removal Rate ◽

Optimal Conditions ◽

Optimum Conditions ◽

Fenton Reagent ◽

Novel Technology ◽

Initial Ph ◽

Radiation Time

In study, Microwave Irradiation enhanced Fenton-Like Process was introduced as a novel technology in the treatment of Landfill Leachate containing refractory organic matters. The sample leachate with initial COD loading of 11434 ~12067 mg•L−1 was collected from the Laohuchong (Shenyang, China) City Landfill. Fenton (FeSO4/H2O2) and Fenton-like (iron tailings/H2O2) reagents coupling with Microwave Irradiation were both studied. The Microwave Irradiation enhanced Fenton-Like Process was conducted under the optimal conditions as follows: 480W of microwave power, 3 min of radiation time, 3.0 of initial pH, 100mL•L−1 of H2O2 and 2g•L−1 of iron tailings. The removal rates of leachate samples with initial COD =11928 mg•L−1 using 1.5g.L-1 FeSO4 and 2.0g.L-1 iron tailings are 45.1% and 42.3% respectively on the condition of 320W MW radiated for 3 min at room temperature. The highest removal rate of the MW Fenton-Like Process is about 46% under the optimum conditions. It demonstrates the Fenton-Like reagent can be used as a substitution of Fenton reagent in Landfill Leachate applications which has extensive application prospect and extraordinary significance in aspects of resource utilization of waste materials and cost saving.

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Screening of Culture Conditions for Production of Xylanase from Landfill Soil Bacteria

Indonesian Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.22146/ijc.39709 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 470 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Siti Nor Amira Rosli ◽

Rohaida Che Man ◽

Nasratun Masngut

Keyword(s):

Carbon Source ◽

Moisture Content ◽

Nitrogen Source ◽

Incubation Period ◽

Xylanase Activity ◽

Nitrogen Sources ◽

Culture Conditions ◽

Inoculum Size ◽

Xylanase Production ◽

Initial Ph

Culture conditions including initial pH media, incubation period, inoculum size, type of carbon source, type of nitrogen source and its concentration, which affect xylanase production were screened via the one-factor-at-a-time approach. The bacteria used in the production of xylanase was isolated from the landfill site at Sg. Ikan, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia. Three characterizations of the landfill soil were investigated for their moisture content, ash content, and pH. The culture conditions range used in the experimental work were between 6–30 h for the incubation period, with initial pH between 5–9, inoculum size between 1–20% v/v, carbon, nitrogen sources, and nitrogen source concentration between 1–5% w/v. Xylanase activity was estimated using dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) based on the release of xylose under standard assay conditions. The landfill soil was observed to have pH between pH 3.4–7.2 with a moisture content between 12.4–33.7% and ash ranged between 3.5–4.3%. Results showed that the highest xylanase activity within studied ranges was recorded at 25.91±0.0641 U/mL with 10% (v/v) inoculum size, 1% (w/v) xylose as sole carbon source, mixture of 1% (w/v) peptone and 0.25% (w/v) ammonium sulphate as nitrogen sources, which was carried out at initial pH of 8.0 for 24 h incubation.

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ISOLATION, SCREENING AND THE INFLUENCE OF CULTIVATION FACTORS ON CELLULASE OF BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM TERMITES GUT

Vietnam Journal of Science and Technology ◽

10.15625/2525-2518/54/4a/11982 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 54 (4A) ◽

pp. 89

Author(s):

Hien Thi Nguyen

Keyword(s):

Bacillus Subtilis ◽

Cellulase Production ◽

Soy Flour ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

Optimal Conditions ◽

16S Rrna Gene Sequences ◽

Cultivation Temperature ◽

Cmcase Activity ◽

Initial Ph ◽

Sequences Analysis

From five termites guts samples collected in different places in Ha Noi and Vinh, 11 isolates which formed halo on agar plates with CMC were isolated. Among them strain G4 possessed the highest CMCase activity. Based on morphology and 16S rRNA gene sequences analysis, G4 was identified as Bacillus subtilis G4. The results from cultivation study revealed that M3 medium containing rice bran 1 %, soy flour 1 %, casein 1 % and 1 % NaCl was the best medium for cellulase production of B. subtilis G4. At optimal conditions for G4 which were inoculums ratio 1 %, cultivation temperature 37ºC, cultivation time 72 hours, shaking speed 150 rpm and initial pH medium 7, CMCase and FPase activity reached 3.36 U/ml and 0.35 U/ml, respectively.

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Optimization of Lipase Production from Arthrobacter sp.SD5

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.791-793.116 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 791-793 ◽

pp. 116-119 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Peng Ren ◽

Wei Hua Lin

Keyword(s):

Carbon Source ◽

Culture Condition ◽

Ph Value ◽

Tween 80 ◽

Lipase Production ◽

Medium Composition ◽

Liquid Volume ◽

Optimum Conditions ◽

Culture Temperature ◽

Initial Ph

Lipase is a kind of important hydrolase. It was widely used in the fields of food, leather, detergent and pharmaceutical. The production of lipase from Arthrobacter sp. SD5 was studied in the present paper. The medium composition and culture condition were optimized in order to improve lipase production. The results showed the best optimum conditions were on the following: culture temperature (40°C); initial pH value (8.0); liquid volume (20%); carbon source (olive oil, 2.5%); nitrogen source (peptone, 1.0%); biosurfactant (Tween-80, 0.2%).

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Induction of Cellulase Biosynthesis by Cellobiose Octaacetate in Aspergillus humicola

Bangladesh Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.3329/bjm.v23i2.889 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

pp. 174-176 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Meher Nigad Nipa ◽

Sharmin Sultana ◽

M Abdul Hakim

Keyword(s):

Carbon Source ◽

Enzyme Production ◽

Maximum Activity ◽

Production Medium ◽

Cmcase Activity ◽

Initial Ph ◽

Enzyme Biosynthesis

Aspergillus humicola, one of the major cellulase-producing fungi, was used in this study for carboxymethylcellulase (CMCase) production using Winstead's basal broth supplanted with cellobiose octaacetate (COA), a synthetic carbon source. Under all conditions, the enzyme biosynthesis was remarkably increased when the inducer COA was added to the production medium containing carboxymethylcellulose (CMC). Maximum enzyme production (1.62 U/ml) was achieved in COA-containing at 37°C. The enzyme production was highest at initial pH 5.5 and after 7 days incubation. The enzyme exhibited maximum activity at 40°C with a reaction pH 5.5. CMCase activity was inhibited by its own substrate CMC at concentration higher than 1.0%. The study clearly demonstrated that COA is a good inducer for extracellular CMCase production by the fungus. Keywords: Aspergillus humicola, Carboxymethylcellulase (CMCase), Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), Cellobiose octaacetate (COA)DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjm.v23i2.889 Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 23, Number 2, December 2006, pp 174-176

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Degradation of Methyl Violet over Fenton-Like Hydroxyapatite Catalysts, Kinetics and Thermodynamics Studies

10.21203/rs.3.rs-569149/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yasmina Roumila ◽

Djaafar Meziani ◽

Saadia Debaghi ◽

Kaïssa Abdmeziem

Keyword(s):

Dye Degradation ◽

Methyl Violet ◽

Active Species ◽

Precipitation Method ◽

Maximum Efficiency ◽

Fenton Process ◽

Optimal Conditions ◽

Optimum Conditions ◽

First Order ◽

Initial Ph

Abstract Hydroxyapatite (HA), a calcium hydroxyphosphate was prepared via precipitation method and used as a catalyst in a Fenton like process for methyl violet (MV) dye degradation. This study is aimed to evaluate the effect of hydrogen peroxide concentration, HA dose, initial pH, temperature and MV concentration on the catalyst performance to find out the optimum conditions leading to maximum efficiency of the Fenton process. The results showed that MV dye with a concentration of 20 mg L-1 can be removed within just 10 minutes at the optimal conditions of 36 mmol L–1 H2O2 and 2.5 g L–1 HA at pH of 6.65 and T = 48 °C). The experimental outcome of this study also demonstrates that HA displayed a good recyclability over three cycles; while the use of scavenger highlighted that the hydroxyl radical HO• was the main active species for MV degradation. The catalytic tests result of MV dye degradation were analyzed by the first-order, second-order and Benhnajady-Modirshahla-Ghanbery (BMG) kinetic models, those showing that the Fenton like reaction follows the first-order and BMG models. The activation energy of the reaction and the values of thermodynamic parameters such as standard enthalpy (ΔH*0), entropy (ΔS*0) and Gibbs free energy (ΔG*0) were also evaluated. Those results revealed that the degradation of MV over the as-synthesized material is an endothermic and non-spontaneous process.

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