scholarly journals Challenges of Iot/5g Advancement in the Oil Palm Upstream

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 190-198
Author(s):  
Veena Shashikant ◽  
Abdul Rashid M. Shariff ◽  
Lee Y. Ping ◽  
Aimrun Wayayok ◽  
Kamal M. Rowshon
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Technology Implementation ◽  
Labour Productivity ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Foreign Workers ◽  
Land Use Efficiency ◽  
5G Network ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Iot Platforms ◽  
Oil Palm Industry

5G technology is vital for the development of Internet of Things (IoT) application in Malaysia to enhance the development of the agriculture and plantation industry. The nation is marching towards big data and artificial intelligence. Consequently, having 5G networks merging with IoT technology as a platform would contribute to the country’s gross domestic income up to RM 12.7 billion ringgit. There are tangible and intangible benefits to the oil palm industry if the technologies of 5G/IOT are implemented. In the oil palm industry, the technology of 5G network can uplift the current technology in the field to enhance the labour productivity. On the other hand, the dependency on foreign workers can also be reduced. Apart from that, the use of 5G/IoT will improve crop productivity and land use efficiency to improve palm oil yield. However, IoT platforms relying on 5G technology will be challenging in rural oil palm areas where there is low signal for communication. In relation to that, preliminary research shows that LoRA technology that is similar to 5G technology is able to work in remote areas. 5G/ IoT related technology implementation is vital in the oil palm plantation at the upstream level.

scholarly journals Feasibility of Introducing Four Crops Based Cropping Patterns in Kushtia Area of Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-102
Author(s):  
MS Rahman ◽  
MT Islam ◽  
MS Ali
Keyword(s):  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Cropping Patterns ◽  
Research Division ◽  
Land Use Efficiency ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Total Seed ◽  
On Farm

The trial was conducted at Multi Location Testing (MLT) site under On-Farm Research Division, BARI, Kushtia during the last week of February, 2015 to second week of February, 2017 at farmers’ field condition to find out the productivity and profitability of three alternate cropping patterns, i.e. ACP1=Mustard (var: BARI Sarisha-15) - Mungbean (var: BARI Mung-6) - T. Aus rice (var: BRRI dhan48) - T. Aman rice (var: Binadhan-7), ACP2=Lentil (var: BARI Masur-6) - Mungbean (var: BARI Mung-6) - T. Aus rice (var: BRRI dhan48) - T. Aman rice (var:Binadhan-7), ACP3=Wheat (var: BARI Gom-28) - Mungbean (var: BARI Mung-6) - T. Aus rice (var: BRRI dhan48) - T. Aman rice (var:Binadhan-7) against the existing cropping pattern, i.e. ECP= Lentil (var: BARI Mashur-6) – Sesame (BARI Teel-3) - T. Aman (var: Binadhan-7). Findings revealed that the required mean crop durations ranged 340-356 days for one cycle in a year in four crops based cropping patterns against 293 days in existing cropping pattern. Total seed/grain yields in terms of REY of ACP1, ACP2, and ACP3 were 14.85, 16.06 and 14.92 t ha-1 year-1, respectively which were 44%, 56% and 45%, respectively higher than that of existing pattern (10.30 t ha-1 year-1). Mean production efficiency (32.53-40.43 kg ha-1day-1), land use efficiency (93.15-97.53%) and mean gross margin ( Tk. 109393 - Tk. 127834 ha-1) of all alternate cropping patterns were higher than that of existing cropping pattern (PE: 23.63 kg ha-1day-1, LUE: 80.28% and gross margin Tk. 94929 ha-1). As a result, all alternate cropping patterns were agronomically feasible and economically profitable. Among the alternate cropping patterns, ACP2=Lentil (var: BARI Masur-6) - Mungbean (var: BARI Mung-6) - T. Aus rice (var: BRRI dhan48) - T. Aman rice (var: Binadhan-7) performed the best. Therefore, farmers in Kushtia area of Bangladesh might follow the alternate cropping patterns in high and medium high land for higher crop productivity and profitability over existing cropping pattern. The Agriculturists 2020; 18(1) 94-102

scholarly journals Development of alternate cropping pattern Mustard -Boro –T.aman against fallow - Boro- T. Aman in Kushtia region

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-78
Author(s):  
MS Rahman ◽  
MT Islam
Keyword(s):  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
High Yielding Variety ◽  
Research Division ◽  
Land Use Efficiency ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
The Mean ◽  
On Farm ◽  
Boro Rice

The experiment was conducted at Kushtia Sadar, Bheramara and Gangni Multi Location Testing (MLT) sites under On-Farm Research Division (OFRD), BARI, Kushtia (AEZ 11) during the last week of July to second week of May for three consecutive years (2013- 14, 2014-15 and 2015-16) to develop alternate cropping pattern (Mustard-Boro -T.Aman) and to compare its productivity and profitability against farmer’s existing cropping pattern (Fallow - Boro-T.Aman). The mustard (var: BARI Sarisha-14), Boro rice (var: BRRI dhan28) and T.Aman (var: Binadhan-7) were used in alternate cropping pattern, while BRRI dhan28 for Boro rice and BRRI dhan39/Sorna for T.Aman rice were used in the existing cropping pattern. Findings revealed that the mean crop duration of alternate cropping pattern ranged 269-287 days by inclusion of mustard. Rice equvalent yield of alternate cropping pattern was 13.98 t ha-1 year-1 which was 34% higher than that of existing pattern (10.47 t ha-1 year-1). Land use efficiency (76.44%) and labour employment (441 mandays ha-1 year-1) of alternate cropping pattern were 33 and 26%, higher, respectively than those of existing cropping pattern. The mean gross return (Tk. 2,53,960 ha-1) and gross margin (Tk. 99,513/ha) of alternate cropping pattern were 29 and 32%, respectively higher compared to those of existing cropping pattern (Gross return: Tk. 1,97,346 ha-1 and Gross margin: Tk. 75,340 ha-1) due to inclusion of high yielding variety of mustard. Therefore, farmers in Kushtia region of Bangladesh could follow alternate cropping pattern in their high and medium high land where lands remain fallow after harvesting of T. Aman rice for higher crop productivity and profitability. Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 44(1): 69-78, March 2019

FINANCIAL AND ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF INTERCROPPING MAIZE AND SOYBEAN ON IMMATURE OIL PALM

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 141-152
Author(s):  
Muhammad Akmal Agustira ◽  
Ilham Lubis ◽  
Eka Listia ◽  
Erwin Nyak Akoeb ◽  
Iman Yani Harahap ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Land Use Efficiency ◽  
Alternative Crop ◽  
Immature Oil ◽  
Business Analysis ◽  
Use Efficiency

Maize and soybean can be planted for intercropping on immature oil palm, however its  financial and economycal aspects have not been widely studied. This study was aimed to analyze the financial and economic aspects of intercropping of maize and soybean on immature oil palm, level of land use efficiency, and comparison of efficiency between monolculture and intercropping system.  The study located in Sorolangun Experimental Station, District of Sorolangun, Jambi. Methods used in the study were farming business analysis, Revenue Cost Ratio (RCR), Return on Investments (ROI), Land Equivalent Ratio (LER), and Land Equivalent Optimize Ratio (LOER). The results showed that maize had a profit level of Rp 9,676,564/ha/growing season, RCR 1.76; ROI 188.28% (three growing seasons per year), while soybean had a profit level of Rp 4,059,352/ha/growing season, RCR 1.51 and ROI 75.22% (three growing seasons per year). Based on these results,  intercropping of maize and soybean on immature oil palm are economically and financially feasible. For the land use efficiency, corn LER value for corn and soybean was 0.95 and 0.85, respectively, showing that yield of maize and soybean from intercropping system (effective land area of ​​7,200 m2 per ha of oil palm area) was 95% and 85% when compared to monoculture system. The LOER value of corn and soybeans per ha was 1.32 and 1.18, respectively, which showed that corn and soybeans growing on intercropping system with immature oil palm were more efficient than monoculture system at the same size of  land. Based on those comparative analysis of economic values, financial, and land use efficiency, corn was a better alternative crop for intercorpping on immature oil palm than soybean.

scholarly journals Ginger Integration in Maize Based Cropping System for Increased Income in the Hills of Nepal

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Y. R. Pandey ◽  
T. B. Karki ◽  
G. P. Paudel
Keyword(s):  
Unit Area ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Integration System ◽  
Net Return ◽  
Land Use Efficiency ◽  
Net Profit ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
The Hill

A field experiment was conducted at Deurali, Palpa (1200 m asl) during 2004 rainy season to identify the appropriate plant population of maize for increased productivity of maize ginger, net economic return and land use efficiency due to integration of the above crops based cropping system in the hills. Maize was planted as double planting (double plants in a hill with 100x100 cm spacing), single planting (single plant in a hill with 100 x 50 cm spacing), normal planting (75 x 25 cm spacing) and ginger was cropped in between the maize rows at 30 x 30 cm spacing sole maize and sole ginger. The results of the experiment showed that the highest maize and ginger yield were obtained from sole planting system with an average of 6.15 and 41.13t/ha maize ginger and fresh ginger rhizomes respectively. the lowest net return of Rs 16,934/ha was obtained from sole maize planting. Among the intercropping systems. Maize double planting and ginger integration system produced significantly high net income of Rs. 535,426/ha with acceptable land equivalent ration (LER) (1.40). However, the highest net return of Rs 604,034/ ha was obtained from ginger as sole planting. Since maize is the staple food crop in the hill and it could not be ignored in the cropping system, maize double planting with ginger integration was found beneficial with significant high net profit compared to sole maize while ginger gave 12.81% more net profit compared to intercropping. the result of the experiment revealed that double planting of maize with ginger integration system would be profitable instead of sole maize but cultivation of ginger as sole crop has been found much profitable than intercropping in the mid-hills. In the hilly regions farmers generally grow maize and ginger separately. The concept of intercropping maize + ginger in a field enhances crop productivity per unit area. This information which is documented in the maize + ginger in a field enhances crop productivity per unit area. This information which is documented in the different social studies in western hills. <i>Nepal Journal of Science and Technology</i> Vol. 7, 2006

scholarly journals Plant Biosystems Design for a Carbon-Neutral Bioeconomy

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Udaya C. Kalluri ◽  
Xiaohan Yang ◽  
Stan D. Wullschleger
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Efficient Production ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Sustainable Solutions ◽  
Land Use Efficiency ◽  
Process Understanding ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Carbon Neutral ◽  
Change Mitigation

Our society faces multiple daunting challenges including finding sustainable solutions towards climate change mitigation; efficient production of food, biofuels, and biomaterials; maximizing land-use efficiency; and enabling a sustainable bioeconomy. Plants can provide environmentally and economically sustainable solutions to these challenges due to their inherent capabilities for photosynthetic capture of atmospheric CO2, allocation of carbon to various organs and partitioning into various chemical forms, including contributions to total soil carbon. In order to enhance crop productivity and optimize chemistry simultaneously in the above- and belowground plant tissues, transformative biosystems design strategies are needed. Concerted research efforts will be required for accelerating the development of plant cultivars, genotypes, or varieties that are cooptimized in the contexts of biomass-derived fuels and/or materials aboveground and enhanced carbon sequestration belowground. Here, we briefly discuss significant knowledge gaps in our process understanding and the potential of synthetic biology in enabling advancements along the fundamental to applied research arc. Ultimately, a convergence of perspectives from academic, industrial, government, and consumer sectors will be needed to realize the potential merits of plant biosystems design for a carbon neutral bioeconomy.

Connecting Crop Nutrient Use Efficiency to Future Soil Productivity

2018 ◽  
Vol 102 (4) ◽  
pp. 8-10
Author(s):  
Fernando García ◽  
Andrés Grasso ◽  
María González Sanjuan ◽  
Adrián Correndo ◽  
Fernando Salvagiotti
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Soil Productivity ◽  
Nutrient Use ◽  
Grain Crop ◽  
Wide Scale ◽  
Use Efficiency

Trends over the past 25 years indicate that Argentina’s growth in its grain crop productivity has largely been supported by the depletion of the extensive fertility of its Pampean soils. Long-term research provides insight into sustainable nutrient management strategies ready for wide-scale adoption.

scholarly journals Assessment and Spatial-Temporal Evolution Analysis of Urban Land Use Efficiency under Green Development Orientation: Case of the Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomerations

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 715
Author(s):  
Yingkai Tang ◽  
Kun Wang ◽  
Xuanming Ji ◽  
He Xu ◽  
Yangqing Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Yangtze River Delta ◽  
Urban Land ◽  
Urban Land Use ◽  
Land Use Efficiency ◽  
Green Development ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Development Orientation

Rapid urbanization has provided a strong impetus for the economic growth of China, but it has also caused many problems such as inefficient urban land use and environmental pollution. With the popularization of the concept of green and sustainable development, the Environmental-Social-Governance (ESG) assessment concept is widely accepted. The government and residents are paying more and more attention to environmental issues in urban development, and environmental protection has formed an important part of urban development. In this context, this study takes 26 cities in the Yangtze River Delta as examples to build an evaluation system for urban land-use efficiency under green development orientation. The evaluation system takes into account the inputs of land, capital, labor, and energy factors in the process of urban development. Based on emphasizing economic output, the social benefits and undesired outputs brought about by urban development are taken into account. This paper measures urban land use efficiency by the super-efficiency SBM model, and on this basis, analyses the spatial-temporal evolution characteristics of urban land-use efficiency. Further, this paper measures urban land use efficiency without considering undesired outputs and compares the two evaluation methods. Again, the comparison illustrates the rationality of urban land use efficiency evaluation system under green development orientation.

scholarly journals Does the Construction and Operation of High-Speed Rail Improve Urban Land Use Efficiency? Evidence from China

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 303
Author(s):  
Xinhai Lu ◽  
Yifeng Tang ◽  
Shangan Ke
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Land Use ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Urban Land ◽  
Urban Land Use ◽  
Western China ◽  
High Speed Rail ◽  
Land Use Efficiency ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
The Impact

The construction and operation of high-speed rail (HSR) has become an important policy for China to achieve efficiency and fairness and promote high-quality economic growth. HSR promotes the flow of production factors such as labor and capital and affects economic growth, and may further affect urban land use efficiency (ULUE). To explore the impact of HSR on ULUE, this paper uses panel data of 284 cities in China from 2005 to 2018, and constructs Propensity Score Matching-Differences in Differences model to evaluate the effect of HSR on ULUE. The result of entire China demonstrates that the HSR could significantly improves the ULUE. Meanwhile, this paper also considers the heterogeneity of results caused by geographic location, urban levels and scales. It demonstrates that the HSR has a significantly positive effect on ULUE of Eastern, Central China, and large-sized cities. However, in Western China, in medium-sized, and small-sized cities, the impact of HSR on ULUE is not significant. This paper concludes that construction and operation of HSR should be linked to urban development planning and land use planning. Meanwhile, the cities with different geographical locations and scales should take advantage of HSR to improve ULUE and promote urban coordinated development.

scholarly journals Does Smart City Construction Improve the Green Utilization Efficiency of Urban Land?

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 657
Author(s):  
Aiping Wang ◽  
Weifen Lin ◽  
Bei Liu ◽  
Hui Wang ◽  
Hong Xu
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Financial Development ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Urban Land ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Land Use Efficiency ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
City Construction ◽  
Green Land

Frontier research primarily focuses on the effect of urban development models on land use efficiency, while ignoring the effect of new-type urban development on the green land use efficiency. Accordingly, this paper employs a super efficiency slacks-based measure (super-SBM) model with undesirable outputs to measure the green land use efficiency based on panel data from 152 prefecture-level cities for the period 2004–2017. We construct a difference-in-differences (DID) model in this paper to test the impact of smart city construction on the green utilization efficiency of urban land and its transmission mechanism. The results showed that: (1) The smart city construction significantly improved the green utilization efficiency of urban land, increasing the general efficiency by 15%. (2) There is significant city-size heterogeneity in the effect of smart city construction on improving green utilization efficiency of urban land. The policy effect is more obvious in mega cities and above than in very-large-sized cities. (3) The city-feature heterogeneity results reveal that, in cities with a higher level of human capital, financial development, and information infrastructure, the effectiveness of smart city construction in improving the green utilization efficiency of urban land are more obvious, and in cities with a higher level of financial development, the effects of the urban policy were more optimal. (4) The smart city construction promotes the green utilization efficiency of urban land through by the information industry development and the regional innovation capabilities.

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