Spatial Evapotranspiration Modeling Assisted With Landsat 8 Image Using Sebal And Geographically Weighted Regression Methods In Magelang District

Information about evapotranspiration is very important in relation to vegetation because it can be used for planning both in urban planning and agriculture. Magelang Regency has a lot of vegetated green land, both agricultural and non-agricultural and has no information about evapotranspiration. The calculation of evapotranspiration uses the SEBAL (Surface Energy Balance Algorithm for Land) method and modeling uses the GWR (Geographiccaly Weighted Regression) model. Calculation and modeling assisted by QGIS 2.14, QGIS 3.6, SPSS 20, and GWR 4.09 applications. The results showed that (1) GWR evapotranspiration model with significance (sig.) 5% is divided into 3 sub-district groups according to the significant variables in the sub-district (2) NDVI and Surface Albedo variables have a small effect on a global scale and have a large effect on a local scale.

Spatio-Temporal Evolution Characteristics and Spatial Interaction Spillover Effects of New-Urbanization and Green Land Utilization Efficiency

In the context of vigorously promoting new-urbanization, effectively improving the green use efficiency of urban land is an inevitable requirement to achieve high-quality economic and social development. Based on the panel data from 2011 to 2018 of 297 prefecture-level and above cities in China, this paper uses the entropy weight method and the super-efficient SBM-GML model to estimate the spatio-temporal evolution characteristics of new-urbanization and urban green land utilization efficiency. Then, the spatial simultaneous-equation and the generalized spatial three-stage least square method (GS3SLS) are employed to empirically investigate the spatial interaction spillover effects between the new-urbanization and the green land utilization efficiency. The results indicate that: (1) The level of new-urbanization and the green land utilization efficiency in Chinese cities have common and complex temporal and spatial dynamic evolution characteristics. (2) There are mutual inhibition effects between new-urbanization and green land utilization efficiency, and the level of new-urbanization is in a comparatively leading role. (3) Both the level of new-urbanization and green land utilization efficiency have obvious spatial spillover effects. (4) The level of new-urbanization of surrounding regions promotes the green land utilization efficiency of local regions, and the improvement of the green land utilization efficiency of surrounding regions also promotes the level of new-urbanization of local regions. As environmental pressure increasingly becomes a constraint on urban development, these findings are helpful to clarify the regional relationship between urban construction and green development and promote the harmonious development of new-urbanization and green land utilization efficiency.

Does Smart City Construction Improve the Green Utilization Efficiency of Urban Land?

Frontier research primarily focuses on the effect of urban development models on land use efficiency, while ignoring the effect of new-type urban development on the green land use efficiency. Accordingly, this paper employs a super efficiency slacks-based measure (super-SBM) model with undesirable outputs to measure the green land use efficiency based on panel data from 152 prefecture-level cities for the period 2004–2017. We construct a difference-in-differences (DID) model in this paper to test the impact of smart city construction on the green utilization efficiency of urban land and its transmission mechanism. The results showed that: (1) The smart city construction significantly improved the green utilization efficiency of urban land, increasing the general efficiency by 15%. (2) There is significant city-size heterogeneity in the effect of smart city construction on improving green utilization efficiency of urban land. The policy effect is more obvious in mega cities and above than in very-large-sized cities. (3) The city-feature heterogeneity results reveal that, in cities with a higher level of human capital, financial development, and information infrastructure, the effectiveness of smart city construction in improving the green utilization efficiency of urban land are more obvious, and in cities with a higher level of financial development, the effects of the urban policy were more optimal. (4) The smart city construction promotes the green utilization efficiency of urban land through by the information industry development and the regional innovation capabilities.

Peningkatan Produktivitas Pupuk Kompos Bioaktivator dengan Bahan Baku Limbah Organik Rumah Tangga

Pertanian yang ramah lingkungan masih menjadi prioritas bagi pemerintah daerah dalam pembangunan berkelanjutan karena diharapkan dapat meningkatkan dan mempertahankan produktivitas tinggi dalam bidang pertanian. Pengabdian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mewujudkan pertanian ramah lingkungan dengan memanfaatkan limbah organik rumah tangga sebagai bahan baku pembuatan kompos dengan Biokativator. Sasaran kegiatan dalam pengabdian ini adalah Kelompok Wanita Tani (KWT) Nila 4A, KWT Nila 6E dan KWT Lahan Hijau di RT.4 RW.01 Kelurahan Sumber Jaya Kecamatan Kampung Melayu Kota Bengkulu dengan jumlah sasaran sebanyak 45 orang. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengabdian ini terdiri dari 4 tahapan yaitu, tahap observasi, tahap penyuluhan, tahap monitoring, dan tahap evaluasi. Hasilnya adalah pupuk kompos yang dihasilkan cukup bagus, tidak ada ulat atau belatung, serta tidak terlalu bau., pupuk kompos dengan karakteristik demikian sangat cocok untuk diaplikasikan pada pertanian. Selain pupuk daun, dari kegiatan ini juga dihasilkan pupuk cair organik yang merupakan sisa cairan dari proses pembuatan pupuk kompos dengan bioaktivator. Setelah kegiatan ini KWT Nila 4A, KWT Nila 6E dan KWT Lahan Hijau di RT.4 RW.01 Kelurahan Sumber Jaya Kecamatan Kampung Melayu Kota Bengkulu diharapkan dapat membuat kompos bioaktivator dengan kualitas bagus dan berdaya jual tinggi.Kata Kunci: bioaktivator; limbah organik rumah tangga; pupuk kompos. Increasing the Productivity of Bioactivator Compost with Organic Household Waste Raw MaterialsABSTRACTEnvironmentally friendly agriculture is still a priority for local governments in sustainable development because it is expected to increase and maintain high productivity in agriculture. This service was carried out with the aim of realizing environmentally friendly agriculture by utilizing household organic waste as raw material for composting with biocativators. The targets of this service are the Women Farmers Group (KWT) Nila 4A, KWT Nila 6E and KWT Green Land in RT.4 RW.01 Kelurahan Sumber Jaya Sub-district Kampung Melayu Bengkulu City with a total target of 45 people. The method used in this service consists of 4 stages, namely, the observation stage, the counseling stage, the monitoring stage, and the evaluation stage. The result is that the compost produced is quite good, there are no caterpillars or maggots, and does not smell too much. Compost with these characteristics is very suitable for application in agriculture. Apart from foliar fertilizers, this activity also produces organic liquid fertilizer, which is the residual liquid from the compost-making process using a bioactivator. After this activity, KWT Nila 4A, KWT Nila 6E and KWT Green Land at RT.4 RW.01 Kelurahan Sumber Jaya Sub-district Kampung Melayu City Bengkulu City are expected to be able to make bioactivator compost with good quality and high selling power.Keywords: bioactivator; household organic waste; compost.

ECODRAINAGE SYSTEM EVALUATION AND CONTROL OF FLOODS IN JOMBANG DISTRICT, EAST JAVA

Jombang sub-district is the most densely populated sub-district because it is located in the middle of Jombang district and is also the center of government. Because it is a densely populated area, resulting in many changes in land use, green land for absorption has turned into a watertight area. The results of the analysis from this aspect indicate that several channels in Jombang District are not able to accommodate the design flood discharge. The calculation of the height of rain design in this study used the Log Person type III method with a return period of 5 years, which resulted in the design rainfall of 157 mm. The results of the analysis show that there are 8 channels out of 74 that are unable to accommodate the design flood discharge. After planning the infiltration wells, a different number was obtained for each road. For Jalan Sentot Prawirodirjo, there are 8 infiltration wells with a reduction power of 51.62%.

Does a physical activity supportive environment ameliorate or exacerbate socioeconomic inequities in incident coronary heart disease?

BackgroundEfforts to reduce socioeconomic inequities in cardiovascular disease include interventions to change the built environment. We aimed to explore whether socioeconomic inequities in coronary heart disease (CHD) incidence are ameliorated or exacerbated in environments supportive of physical activity (PA).MethodsWe used data from the Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke study, which recruited US residents aged 45 or older between 2003 and 2007. Our analyses included participants at risk for incident CHD (n=20 808), followed until 31 December 2014. We categorised household income and treated it as ordinal: (1) US$75 000+, (2) US$35 000–US$74 000, (3) US$20 000–US$34 000 and (4) <US$20 000. We operationalised PA-supportive environments using characteristics within a 1 km residential buffer: walkable destinations density, PA facility density and proportion green land cover. We used Cox proportional hazards models to estimate the adjusted association of income with incident CHD, and tested effect modification by PA-supportive environment variables.ResultsWe found a 25% (95% CI 1.17% to 1.34%) increased hazard of CHD per 1-category decrease in household income category. Adjusting for PA-supportive environments slightly reduced this association (HR=1.24). The income–CHD association was strongest in areas without walking destinations (HR=1.57), an interaction which reached statistical significance in analyses among men. In contrast, the income–CHD association showed a trend towards being strongest in areas with the highest percentage of green land cover.ConclusionsIndicators of a PA supportive environment show divergent trends to modify socioeconomic inequities in CHD . Built environment interventions should measure the effect on socioeconomic inequities.