scholarly journals Molecular complexes of chlorin E6 and europium for radiophotodynamic therapy

2020 ◽  
pp. 103-107
Author(s):  
О.В. Шевченко ◽  
Н.Р. Панкратов ◽  
А.П. Фильштейн ◽  
М.А. Медков ◽  
В.И. Апанасевич ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Gamma Irradiation ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Molecular Complexes ◽  
The Body ◽  
Chlorin E6 ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Skin Infections ◽  
Effective Generation ◽  
Chlorine E6

Фотодинамическая терапия (ФДТ) инновационный метод лечения, применяется, в связи с малой проницаемостью тканей организма для световых квантов лазера, при заболеваниях внешних покровов тела человека (например, меланом и кожных инфекций). Чтобы провести ФДТ опухолей глубинной локализации, нами получены разносоставные многофункциональные комплексы отечественного препарата Фотодитазин (хлорин E6) с европием: бинарный низкоаффинный комплекс хлорина E6 с Eu3 и более стабильный конъюгат, синтезированный на основе полиэтиленимина с ковалентно связанными хлорином E6 (хелатором Eu3) и фолиевой кислотой (для целевой доставки к раковым клеткам с высокой экспрессией рецепторов фолиевой кислоты). Полученные препараты не токсичны в концентрации до 200 мкг/мл. Реактивность хлорина E6 доказана способностью его комплексов к генерации активных форм кислорода (ROS) при УФ-облучении. Передача энергии люминесценции от ионов Eu3 к молекуле хлорина E6 подтверждена при гамма-облучении полученных комплексов. Показано, что доза 2 Гр достаточна для эффективной генерации ROS данными конъюгатами при концентрации 25200 мкг/мл. Это открывает перспективы использования таких препаратов для ФДТ глубинных опухолей при гамма-облучении и, в свою очередь, может повысить результативность стандартной радиотерапии. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an innovative method of therapy which is applied due to the low permeability of laser light quanta in the tissues of the body in cases of the outer skin diseases (e.g. melanomas and skin infections). Complexes of the domestic drug Photoditazine (chlorin E6) with europium were produced for PDT of deep-seated tumors. More specifically, a binary low-affinity chlorin E6 complex with Eu3 and a more stable polyethyleneimine-based conjugate with covalently bound E6 chlorin (Eu3 ion chelator) and folic acid as vector for cancer target cells with high expression of folic acid receptors were obtained. The compositions are non-toxic at a concentration up to 200g/ml. The reactivity of chlorine E6 is proved by the ability of its complexes to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) under UV irradiation. The transfer of luminescence energy from Eu3 ions to the chlorin E6 molecule is confirmed by gamma-irradiation of the obtained complexes. It has been shown that dose 2 Gy is correct for effective generation of ROS by these conjugates at a concentration of 25200 g/ml, which are promising for PDT of deep-seated tumors under gamma irradiation, and, in turn, can increase the effectiveness of standard radiotherapy.

scholarly journals A Comparative Clinical Study to Evaluate the Efficacy of Guduchyadi Kashaya and Rajrukshadipachana Kashaya in the Management of Eka Kushta w.s.r to Psoriasis

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Moulika Markonda ◽  
Sowmya S.B
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Study ◽  
Skin Disease ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
The Body ◽  
Skin Infections ◽  
Curative Effect ◽  
Causative Factors ◽  
Comparative Clinical Study ◽  
Modern Treatment ◽  
Chronic Course

In Ayurveda, all skin diseases have been described under the umbrella of Kushtha. Ekakusta is considered as the most commonest skin disease that can affect an individual. Acharya Charak has described the involvement of Vata-Kapha in Eka Kushtha. In the present study Eka kushtha is compared with psoriasis due to resemblance of signs symptoms and causative factors with it. Psoriasis is a papulosquamous disorder of the skin, characterized by sharply defined erythematosquamous lesions this illness exhibits a prompt response if treated carefully, left it may run a very chronic course extending into larger area of the body. Ayurveda focuses more on curative management than palliative management. The drug used in the treatment of Ayurveda does not have complications like modern treatment. Repeated Sodhana prevent the recurrence of the disease. Similarly various preparations have been advocated for the management of Psoriasis. The drugs used in this study are Guduchyadi Kashaya & Rajrukshadi Pachana Kashaya. Both the Kashayas are said to be effective in skin diseases. As per Yogaratnakara, Guduchyadhi Kwath has been mentioned as one of the drug having curative effect on all types of Kustha. Hence for present study the orally Guduchyadi Kwath is taken for EkaKustha treatment. The drugs in Guduchyadi Kwatha are Kusthaghana, Twachya, Swedal, Tridosh shamaka, as well as with Rasayan properties, which is beneficial to break down the pathogenesis of disease. As per Gadanigraha, as mentioned in Kayachikitsakhanda, Rajvrukshadipachana Kashaya is mentioned for the treatment of Ekakushtha. Ingredients in Rajvrukshadi Pachana Kashaya reduce Kapha dosha and most of them act on the skin. Kwatha dravyas are Rasadushtihara, Kaphapittahara, Deepana, Twachya, and also having antibacterial, antimicrobial, antiparasitic and anti-inflammatory properties, Hence, it is helpful for clearing the skin infections.

scholarly journals POLA DAN INSIDENS PENYAKIT INFEKSI KULIT KARENA VIRUS DI DIVISI DERMATOLOGI ANAK POLIKLINIK KESEHATAN KULIT DAN KELAMIN RSUP PROF. DR. R. D. KANDOU MANADO TAHUN 2008 – 2012

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita S. Tanamal ◽  
Mariani V. Lasut ◽  
Herry E. J. Pandaleke
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Zoster ◽  
Viral Replication ◽  
Skin Infection ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
The Body ◽  
Skin Infections ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Pediatric Dermatology ◽  
Hand Foot Mouth Disease

Abstract: Viral skin infections are commonly found among people of all ages, however, they are more often in infants and children. Viral diseases may manifest in mucocutaneus areas either as the result of viral replication in the epidermis or as a secondary effect of viral replication elsewhere in the body. This study aimed to describe the pattern and incidences of viral skin infections. This was a retrospectives study using medical records of new patients with viral skin infection between the age of 0-14 years in Pediatric Dermatology Division at Dermatoveneneorology Clinic of Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou General Hospital Manado from 2008 to 2012, based on the incidence, age group, gender, and type of viral skin infections. The results showed that the viral skin infection was the third highest rank of skin diseases in children with the incidence of 14.88%. Males (61.03 %) were more frequently affected than females (38.97%), with a ratio of 1.56 : 1. The most affected age group was 5-14 years old (77.33%). The most frequent found was moluscum contagiosum (52.59%) followed by verucca vulgaris (24.21%),  varicela (17.83%), herpes zoster (3.28%), and hand foot mouth disease (1.89%). Conclusion: In this study,  viral skin infections in males and in the age group of 5-14 years. Moluscum contagiosum was the most frequent found among all age groups, followed by verucca vulgaris, varicela, herpes zoster, and hand foot mouth disease. Keywords: infection, viral, children     Abstrak: Penyakit infeksi kulit karena virus dapat terjadi pada segala usia, tetapi lebih banyak pada anak-anak. Virus dapat menyebabkan timbulnya lesi kulit sebagai hasil dari replikasi virus di epidermis ataupun sebagai efek sekunder replikasi virus di tempat lain pada tubuh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pola dan insidens penyakit  infeksi kulit karena virus. Penelitian  dilakukan secara  retrospektif dengan mengumpulkan catatan medis  pasien  baru  infeksi kulit karena virus  yang berusia 0-14 tahun di Poliklinik Kesehatan  Kulit dan Kelamin RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado periode tahun 2008-2012, yang meliputi jumlah kasus baru, usia, jenis kelamin, dan jenis penyakit  infeksi kulit karena virus. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan penyakit infeksi kulit karena virus menempati urutan ke-3 penyakit kulit terbanyak pada anak dengan insidens 14,88%, laki-laki (61,03%) dan perempuan (38,97%), dengan rasio 1,56:1. Kelompok usia terbanyak 5-14 tahun (77,33%). Jenis penyakit infeksi kulit karena virus ialah: moluskum kontagiosum (52,59%), veruka vulgaris (24,21%),  varisela (17,83%), herpes zoster (3,28%), dan hand foot mouth disease (1,89%). Simpulan: Dalam penelitian ini, pasien anak dengan penyakit infeksi kulit akibat virus lebih banyak ditemukan pada laki-laki dan kelompok usia 5-14 tahun. Moluskum kontagiosum merupakan penyakit yang terbanyak ditemukan dan juga terbanyak pada semua kelompok usia, diikuti oleh veruka vulgaris, varisela, herpes zoster, dan hand foot mouth disease. Kata kunci: infeksi, virus, anak

scholarly journals Profil penyakit infeksi kulit karena virus pada anak di Divisi Dermatologi Anak Poliklinik Ilmu Kesehatan Kulit dan Kelamin RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado periode tahun 2013 - 2015

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony S. Wibawa ◽  
Ellen Gunawan ◽  
Herry E. J. Pandaleke
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Zoster ◽  
Viral Replication ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
The Body ◽  
Skin Infections ◽  
Pediatric Dermatology ◽  
Hand Foot Mouth Disease

Abstract: Viral skin infection can occur in all ages, especially in children. These viruses can cause skin lesions due to the viral replication in the epidermis or as a secondary effect of viral replication in other part of the body. This study was aimed to obtain the profile of viral skin infections in Pediatric Dermatology Division of Dermatovenereology Clinic, Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado from 2013 to 2015. This was a retrospective study using medical records of new pediatric patients with viral skin diseases, aged 0-14 years from 2013 to 2015. The results showed that there were 113 pediatric patients (12.71%) with viral skin infections. The majority of cases were 5-14 years old (73.45%), followed by 1-4 years old (25.66%) and 0-1 years old (0.88%); females (52,21%) were more commonly found. The viral skin diseases in this study were moluscum kontagiosum (47.79%), verucca vulgaris (29.20%), varicella (8.85%), herpes zoster (7.97%), and hand foot mouth disease (6.19%). Conclusion: Skin viral diseases in children were found in 12.71% of new patients, most common in females and aged 5-14 years. Moluscum contagiosum was the most common skin viral disease in all ages.Kata kunci: penyakit kulit, infeksi virus, anakAbstrak: Penyakit infeksi kulit karena virus dapat terjadi pada semua usia, tetapi lebih banyak pada anak-anak. Virus dapat menyebabkan timbulnya lesi kulit sebagai hasil dari replikasi virus di epidermis atau sebagai efek sekunder replikasi virus di tempat lain pada tubuh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui profil penyakit infeksi kulit karena virus pada anak di Divisi Dermatologi Anak Poliklinik Ilmu Kesehatan Kulit dan Kelamin RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado selama periode tahun 2013-2015. Jenis penelitian ialah retrospektif menggunakan rekam medik pasien anak baru dengan infeksi kulit karena virus, berusia 0-14 tahun periode tahun 2013-2015. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 113 pasien anak (12,71%) dengan penyakit infeksi kulit karena virus, paling sering pada kelompok usia 5-14 tahun (73,45%), diikuti dengan usia 1-4 tahun (25,66%) dan usia 0-1 tahun (0,88%); lebih banyak pada anak perempuan (52,21%). Penyakit infeksi kulit karena virus terdiri dari moluskum kontagiosum (47,79%), veruka vulgaris (29,20%), varisela (8,85%), herpes zoster (7,97%), dan hand foot mouth disease (6,19%). Simpulan: Penyakit infeksi kulit karena virus pada anak didapatkan sebanyak 12,71% dari pasien baru, terbanyak pada kelompok usia 5-14 tahun dan jenis kelamin perempuan. Moluskum kontagiosum ditemukan terbanyak pada semua kelompok usia.Kata kunci: penyakit kulit, infeksi virus, anak

Folic Acid Conjugated Nanocarriers for Efficient Targetability and Promising Anticancer Efficacy for Treatment of Breast Cancer: A Review of Recent Updates

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (42) ◽  
pp. 5365-5379
Author(s):  
Hira Choudhury ◽  
Manisha Pandey ◽  
Lee Pei Wen ◽  
Ling Kah Cien ◽  
Ho Xin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Folic Acid ◽  
Surface Engineering ◽  
Folate Receptor ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Anticancer Therapy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Anticancer Efficacy

Breast cancer (BC) is the commonest cause of cancer deaths among Women. It is known to be caused due to mutations in certain receptors, viz. estrogens or progesterones. The most frequently used conventional treatment strategies against BC include chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and partial or entire mastectomy, however, these strategies are often associated with multiple adverse effects, thus reducing patient compliance. Advancement of nanotechnology in the medical application has been made to enhance the therapeutic effectiveness with a significant reduction in the unintended side-effects associated with incorporated anticancer drugs against cancer. The surface engineering technology of the nanocarriers is more pronounced in delivering the therapeutics specifically to target cells. Consequently, folic acid, a small molecular ligand for the folate receptor overexpressed cells, has shown immense response in treating BC cells. Folic acid conjugated nanocarriers have shown remarkable efficiency in targeting overexpressed folate receptors on the surface of BC cells. Binding of these target-specific folate-conjugated nanocarriers substantially improves the internalization of chemotherapeutics in BC cells, without much exposing the other parts of the body. Simultaneously, these folate-- conjugated nanocarriers provide imaging for regular monitoring of targeted drug delivery systems and their responses to an anticancer therapy. Therefore, this review demonstrates the potential of folate-conjugated nanotherapeutics for the treatment and theranostic approaches against BC along with the significant challenges to anticancer therapy, and the prospective insights into the clinical importance and effectiveness of folate conjugate nanocarriers.

Molecular Targets of Phytochemicals for Skin Inflammation

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (14) ◽  
pp. 1533-1550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jong-Eun Kim ◽  
Ki Won Lee
Keyword(s):  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Molecular Targets ◽  
Skin Inflammation ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cellular Damage ◽  
Aesthetic Appearance ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Skin Conditions ◽  
Effects Of Aging

Skin is a protective organ and the largest of the human body. Due to its pivotal role in aesthetic appearance, skin health has a significant impact on quality of life. Chronic inflammation of the skin often marks the beginning of various skin diseases. Immune-mediated responses serve to protect the body from external insults and require succinct control, and can lead to ongoing cellular damage and various skin conditions if left unchecked. Studies have shown that phytochemicals can alter processes involved in skin inflammation and alleviate the effects of aging, cancer, atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, and vitiligo. Direct molecular targets of some phytochemicals have been identified and their precise mechanisms of action investigated. In this review, we summarize recent findings on the effects of phytochemicals on skin inflammation and the mechanisms of action involved.

Effects of maternal and post-weaned rumen-protected folic acid supplementation on slaughter performance and meat quality in the offspring lambs

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-28
Author(s):  
H.Q. Li ◽  
B. Wang ◽  
Z. Li ◽  
H.L. Luo ◽  
C. Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Maternal Diet ◽  
Folic Acid Supplementation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Morphological Development ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Eye Muscle ◽  
Slaughter Performance

Abstract This study was undertaken to evaluate the influence of rumen-protected folic acid (RPFA) on slaughter performance, visceral organ and gastrointestinal tract coefficients, and meat quality in lambs. Sixty-six lambs from 120 Hu ewes were selected based on body weight and maternal diets, and then assigned to six groups using a randomized block experimental design in a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement. The first factor was folic acid (FA) as RPFA in the maternal diet (0 mg/kg [M0F], 16 mg/kg [M16F] or 32 mg/kg [M32F] on dry matter basis). The second factor was FA in the lambs’ diet from weaning until slaughter (0 mg/kg [OC] or 4.0 mg/kg [OF]). The results indicated that the addition of 16 mg/kg FA to the maternal diet increased pre-slaughter weight (PSW), dressing and meat percentage, the reticulum and omasum coefficients, length of the jejunum and ileum, tail fat and perirenal fat coefficient and a* value of the meat color. The addition of RPFA to the lambs’ diet increased PSW, dressing and meat percentage, eye muscle area, abomasum weight, weight and length of the small intestine, but reduced the coefficients of tail fat. A M×O interaction was observed for the weights of heart, lungs, rumen and total stomach, weight and coefficient of omental fat and the GR value. Collectively, RPFA in the maternal and lambs’ diet improved slaughter performance and meat quality by stimulating the morphological development of the gastrointestinal tract and the distribution of fat in the body.

Folic Acid Functionalized Chlorin e6-Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanocarriers as a Theranostic Agent for MRI-Guided Photodynamic Therapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-215
Author(s):  
Zhenbo Sun ◽  
Mingfang Luo ◽  
Jia Li ◽  
Ailing Wang ◽  
Xucheng Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Folic Acid ◽  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Biological Fluids ◽  
Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide ◽  
Chlorin E6 ◽  
Theranostic Agent

Imaging-guided cancer theranostic is a promising strategy for cancer diagnostic and therapeutic. Photodynamic therapy (PDT), as an approved treatment modality, is limited by the poor solubility and dispersion of photosensitizers (PS) in biological fluids. Herein, it is demonstrated that superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO)-based nanoparticles (SCFs), prepared by conjugated with Chlorin e6 (Ce6) and modified with folic acid (FA) on the surface, can be used as versatile drug delivery vehicles for effective PDT. The nanoparticles are great carriers for photosensitizer Ce6 with an extremely high loading efficiency. In vitro fluorescence imaging and in vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) results indicated that SCFs selectively accumulated in tumor cells. Under near-infrared laser irradiation, SCFs were confirmed to be capable of inducing low cell viability of RM-1 cells In vitro and displaying efficient tumor ablation with negligible side effects in tumor-bearing mice models.

scholarly journals FOLIC ACID, VITAMIN B12, AND DNA METHYLATION: AN UPDATE.

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhongir Aparna Varma ◽  
Srilatha Bashetti ◽  
Rajagopalan Vijayaraghavan ◽  
Kumar Sai Sailesh
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Folic Acid ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
The Body ◽  
Aberrant Methylation ◽  
Restricted Diet ◽  
Current Review ◽  
Folate And Vitamin B12 ◽  
Methylation Patterns

 Epigenetics is one of the exciting and fastest expanding fields of biology; this is above genetics. Methylation is the process involved in the transfer of methyl group to amino acids, proteins, enzymes and DNA of all the cells, and tissues of the body. During cell-division low folate availability may result in decreased production of thymidine wherein uracil may be substituted in the place of thymidine in the DNA sequence. It was reported that folate and Vitamin B12 restricted diet resulted in aberrant methylation patterns. The current review was undertaken to explore the role of folic acid and Vitamin B12 in DNA methylation.

scholarly journals Antibiotic Delivery Strategies to Treat Skin Infections When Innate Antimicrobial Defense Fails

Antibiotics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 56 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Smith ◽  
J. Russo ◽  
J. Fiegel ◽  
N. Brogden
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Skin Barrier ◽  
The Body ◽  
Skin Infections ◽  
Wound Infections ◽  
Innate Defense ◽  
Delivery Strategies ◽  
Antimicrobial Treatments ◽  
Antibiotic Delivery

The epidermal skin barrier protects the body from a host of daily challenges, providing protection against mechanical insults and the absorption of chemicals and xenobiotics. In addition to the physical barrier, the epidermis also presents an innate defense against microbial overgrowth. This is achieved through the presence of a diverse collection of microorganisms on the skin (the “microbiota”) that maintain a delicate balance with the host and play a significant role in overall human health. When the skin is wounded, the local tissue with a compromised barrier can become colonized and ultimately infected if bacterial growth overcomes the host response. Wound infections present an immense burden in healthcare costs and decreased quality of life for patients, and treatment becomes increasingly important because of the negative impact that infection has on slowing the rate of wound healing. In this review, we discuss specific challenges of treating wound infections and the advances in drug delivery platforms and formulations that are under development to improve topical delivery of antimicrobial treatments.

scholarly journals Biological behavior of nanoparticles with Zr-89 for cancer target based on their distinct surface composition

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pyeong Seok Choi ◽  
Jun Young Lee ◽  
Yang SeungDae ◽  
Jeong Hoon Park
Keyword(s):  
Surface Composition ◽  
The Body ◽  
Biological Behavior ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Passive Targeting

Nano-sized materials having properties that enable their internalization into target cells using passive targeting systems have been utilized with radioisotopes to track their pharmacokinetics in the body. Here, we report...

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