Code mixing by a Non-ESL content instructor: The Language Choice and Syntactic Features

Tariana is spoken by about 100 people in the multilingual area of the Vaupés basin in northwest Amazonia (Brazil). Other languages spoken in the area are members of the East Tucanoan subgroup, with its most numerous representative, the Tucano language, rapidly gaining ground as a lingua franca. Also spoken are Makú languages; Baniwa, an Arawak language spoken on the fringes of the area and closely related to Tariana; and Portuguese, the national language. The area is known for its language group exogamy and institutionalized multilingualism, with its language being the badge of identity for each group. Language choice is motivated by power relationship and by status, and there are strict rules for code-switching. Inserting bits of other languages while speaking Tariana (“code-mixing”) has different consequences that mirror existing ethnic stereotypes. Code-mixing with Tucano is considered a “language violation”; using elements of Baniwa is considered funny, while mixing different Tariana dialects implies that one “cannot speak Tariana properly.” Overusing Portuguese is associated with the negative image of an Indian who tries to be better than his peers.

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Code Mixing as a Window into Language Dominance: Evidence from Korean Heritage Speakers

Heritage Language Journal ◽

10.46538//hlj.14.1.3 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 49-69

Author(s):

Sunny Park-Johnson

Keyword(s):

Language Proficiency ◽

Language Choice ◽

The United States ◽

Children Of Immigrants ◽

Interaction Data ◽

Heritage Speakers ◽

Monthly Basis ◽

Language Dominance ◽

Code Mixing ◽

Play Interaction

It is well-documented that children of immigrants often undergo language dominance shift as a result of increased exposure to the mainstream language of their environment (Bialystok, 2001; Portes & Schauffler, 1994; Ro & Cheatham, 2009). One of the ways in which this shift can manifest in natural speech is through language choice and, in particular, intrasentential code mixing. This article investigates the shift in language dominance through a longitudinal study of four young Korean heritage speakers living in the United States. Spontaneous play interaction data was collected on a monthly basis across a two-year span following the children’s entrance into English-medium schools in order to investigate the shift of dominance. In observing the children’s use of Korean, English, and Korean-English code-mixed utterances over time, it was expected that the amount of Korean utterances would decrease, while the amount of English and code-mixed utterances would increase due to the shift of language dominance. Findings revealed that while use of Korean decreased and use of English increased, the amount utterances containing code mixing remained stable across time for all children. The article argues that code mixing is not an indicator of weakened language proficiency.

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Contextualizing Morphosyntactic Features in Wole Soyinka’s Ake-the Years of Childhood

International Journal of Linguistics Literature & Translation ◽

10.32996/ijllt.2021.4.5.18 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (5) ◽

pp. 173-177

Author(s):

Salisu Mohammed Raj ◽

Adewole A. Alagbe

Keyword(s):

Single Word ◽

Direct Translation ◽

Code Mixing ◽

Syntactic Features ◽

Communicative Effectiveness

The term ‘morpho-syntax’ has a dual meaning because it is a combination of both morphology and syntax. These two are language components that a stylistician can adopt in any write-up. This act by a stylistician is what brings about the uniqueness of a write-up which is based on individual’s use of language. It is also termed the morphology of linguistics adopted by a writer to achieve communicative effectiveness. Wole Soyinka’s language is said to be complex to most readers, possibly due to the morpho-syntactic features inherent in his text. Thus, the thrust of this paper is to identify the morpho-syntactic features and to discover the reason for the complexity of Wole Soyinka’s language in his book titled: Ake- The Years of Childhood. Using the functional stylistics as our model of analysis, we examined factors that are obviously and silently responsible for his complexity of languages, such as code-mixing, direct translation from Yoruba into English, a single word or sentence having several interpretations, coinages and his sentence structures. From our analysis, we discovered that the factors mentioned above are actually responsible for the complexity of Soyinka’s language and truly his use of language stands as a barrier to general readers comprehending most of his works.

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An Investigation of Linguistic and Localised Features of Thai in English Writing on Facebook Closed Group

Advances in Language and Literary Studies ◽

10.7575/aiac.alls.v.9n.6p.1 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 (6) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Chalermsup Karanjakwut

Keyword(s):

Qualitative Method ◽

Teaching English ◽

Linguistic Features ◽

Parts Of Speech ◽

English Writing ◽

Code Mixing ◽

Syntactic Features ◽

Writing Skill ◽

English Major ◽

Second Year

The research aimed at 1) To investigate students’ linguistic features of Englishes found in writing in the Facebook closed group’s posts and comments, and 2) To investigate types of characteristics of localised features of Thai in English writing found in students’ writing in the Facebook closed group’s posts and comments. The participants were the second-year English major students who enrolled the course entitled “Teaching English Writing skill 1” at Bansomdejchaopraya Rajabhat University in 2018. The data were collected from the students’ writing in the Facebook closed group’s posts and comments and analysed with the qualitative method. The finding showed that the posts were mainly about life-learning. For linguistic features, syntactic features were mostly found in parts of speech, punctuation, verb tenses, and capitalisation, and lexical features were mostly found in word choices and spelling. In the aspects of localised features of Thai in English writing, the characteristics of translation and transfer were found the most, and the rest were code-switching, code-mixing, shift, and reduplication.

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SOCIOLINGUISTIC INTERACTION OF SOCIETY IN BUSUNGBIU DISTRICT BULELENG REGENCY

Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sains dan Humaniora ◽

10.23887/jppsh.v3i1.17363 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 41

Author(s):

Kadek Elly ◽

I Wayan Rasna ◽

I Nengah Suandi

Keyword(s):

Data Collection ◽

Critical Condition ◽

Language Choice ◽

Code Switching ◽

Social Origin ◽

Sense Of Humor ◽

Language Choices ◽

Code Mixing ◽

Java Language ◽

Third Person

The purpose of this research to (1) describe the language variations in sociolinguistic interaction of society in Busungbiu district Buleleng Regency, (2) to describe the language choice in sociolinguistic interaction of society in Busungbiu district Buleleng Regency, and (3) to describe the factors that affect language variations and language choices in sociolinguistic interaction of society in Busungbiu district Buleleng Regency. Data were collected using observation and interview. The data are analyzed through reduction, presentation and data collection. The location of this research is 4 of 15 villages in Busungbiu sub-district that is Sepang Village, Pelapuan, Kekeran, and Busungbiu. The result of this research shows that (1) There are language variations in terms of speakers of dialect and sociolek and language variations in terms of formality. (2) There is a code switching of the Bali language code into the Indonesia language, code switching the Indonesia language code into Bali language, code switching the Java language code into the Indonesia language. The code mixing into and code mixing exit. (3) Factors that influence is the language variation that is area of the speaker's and social origin. Factors that influence is the language choice that is changing speech situations, the presence of a third person, awakens a sense of humor, to a mere prestige, using more popular terms. Thus it can be concluded that the Bali language experiencing critical condition and bali language start to weaken. This can be proved by the existence of citizens who notabene native Bali language speakers can code switch and code mixed, so the use of Bali language began to shift little by little. Based on this, the need for guidance, training and coaching, especially the Bali language in Busungbiu district.

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PILIHAN KODE DALAM INTERAKSI BELAJAR-MENGAJAR DI PESANTREN (KAJIAN SOSIOLINGUISTIK)

TELAGA BAHASA ◽

10.36843/tb.v8i1.223 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Eka Susylowati

Keyword(s):

Teaching And Learning ◽

Boarding School ◽

Descriptive Study ◽

Language Choice ◽

Foreign Languages ◽

Student Speech ◽

Student Community ◽

Code Mixing ◽

Communication Method ◽

Qualitative Descriptive

The diversity of languages used by santri (student) community can represent the existence of multi-ethnic and multilingual communities. The purpose of this study is to reveal the language choice in teaching and learning interactions between students and students with teachers in Al-Mukmin Ngruki Islamic Boarding School and Assalaam Modern Islamic Boarding School. This research is a qualitative descriptive study using the Sociolinguistics approach. Data collected used the method of observation, recording, and interviews. The data in this study was in the form of student speech in an Islamic boarding school. The data were analyzed using the Hymes ethnography communication method. The results of this study indicate that there are variations in the codes used by students, namely Indonesian, foreign languages, Javanese, and mixed languages in the form of code-switching and code-mixing from Javanese to Indonesian, and Javanese to English.

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أشكال تخليط الشفرة وأنواعها بين اللغة العربية و اللغة الإندونسية لدى الطلاب الجامعة شيخنا محمد خليل

Al-Irfan : Journal of Arabic Literature and Islamic Studies ◽

10.36835/al-irfan.v3i1.3731 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 1-15

Author(s):

Humaidi Humaidi

Keyword(s):

University Students ◽

Language Teaching ◽

Language Choice ◽

Arabic Language ◽

The Other ◽

Code Transformation ◽

Code Mixing ◽

Popular Language ◽

Social Linguistics ◽

Internal Code

Social linguistics is the science that benefits our lives. One of the benefits of social linguistics is choosing the best languages when we want to speak. Language has the norm in conversation when we communicate with the other person, for example, if we talk with a son or daughter, we must use good words when speak with our parents, and in contrasts when we talk with our friend, so we has used generic words without thinking about the ethics of speaking. In this case, everyone has to choose the language with a best and most beneficial language. There are three types of popular language choice in social linguistics, It is the code transformation, code mixing, and a method in the same language. In this research, the focuses on the study is form and type of code mixing among students of the Department Arabic Language Teaching, because code mixing has happened a lot to students on the other. The aim of this research is to know the forms and types of code mixing. This research used qualitative method, with three method of date collecting – observation, interview and collect date, and the basic of observation is the hearing and writing (sima 'catat) about the aspects of languages. Conclusion - Forms of code mixing that happened to university students, in Department of Language Teaching STAI Syaichona Moh. Cholil, is focuses on two forms, namely code maxing of words, for example Afwan saya datang terlambat ustadz . And the Vocabulary code maxing, for example hidupkan mirwahah. As for the types of code mixing that happened to university students, in Department of Language Teaching STAI Syaichona Moh. Cholil, is also focused on mixing the external code and does not happen much about mixing the internal code. Keyword: Forms and type of code mixing, Arabic language, Indonesian language

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