Attapulgite suspension filter material for biological aerated filter to remove CODMn and ammonia nitrogen in micro-polluted drinking water source

The authors have proposed a novel biofilm-membrane reactor (BMR) in which nitrifying biofilm is fixed on the surface of the rotating membrane disk. With this reactor, both strict solid-liquid separation and oxidation of ammonia nitrogen can be simultaneously performed. Based on the knowledge obtained in the previous experiments with the bench-scale equipment, a pilot scale study was conducted using river water at a water purification plant. The results obtained in the pilot study can be summarized as follows: (1) A pilot scale BMR worked successfully even with the water from an actual drinking water source. By implementation of pre-treatment (coagulation and sedimentation), the filter run could be continued for more than 8 months without any chemical washing. (2) The sponge cleaning developed in this study was found to be very effective. This indicates that the accumulated cake resistance is dominant in the practical situation. (3) Sufficient nitrification was observed when water temperature was high. (4) In addition to the nitrification, biological oxidation of AOC and manganese can be expected with the BMR. In this study, both AOC and manganese concentration in the permeate decreased to a level less than 10 μg/L.

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Adsorption Performance of Ammonia onto Compound Clinoptilolite Filter Material

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.295-298.443 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 295-298 ◽

pp. 443-446

Author(s):

Long Long Gao ◽

Yan Zhen Yu ◽

Miao Wan Li ◽

Yu Xing Zhou ◽

Hua Dong Zhang

Keyword(s):

Adsorption Isotherm ◽

Contact Time ◽

Filter Material ◽

Ammonia Nitrogen ◽

Coefficient Of Determination ◽

High Porosity ◽

Biological Aerated Filter ◽

Adsorption Performance ◽

Aerated Filter ◽

Natural Clinoptilolite

In order to combine the microbial metabolism characteristics in biological aerated filter (BAF) with the adsorption and ion-exchange ability of natural clinoptilolite to treat sanitary wastewater, the experiment use clinoptilolite powder as main materials to prepare the large specific surface and high porosity spherical compound filter material by adding adhesive and pore-forming agent etc and get better effect on sanitary wastewater treatment.The static adsorption test showed that the adsorb ratios of ammonia-nitrogen is 58.5% when the compound filter material dosage was 100g/L, NH3-N concentration was 100mg/L and the contact time was 40min.The cure fitting of the adsorption isotherm of NH3-N on the compound filter material could be well described by the Langmuir formula and the coefficient of determination is 0.99216.

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Preozonation on Removal of Organic Matter in Water and Biological Stability

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.243-249.4868 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 243-249 ◽

pp. 4868-4873

Author(s):

Hong Zhuan Zhang ◽

Nai Yun Gao ◽

Yong Ming Zhang ◽

Li Zhi Yu

Keyword(s):

Drinking Water ◽

Organic Matter ◽

Rapid Development ◽

Water Source ◽

Ammonia Nitrogen ◽

Small Towns ◽

National Standards ◽

Polluted Water ◽

Drinking Water Source ◽

Treatment Rate

The pollution of drinking water source has become a serious problem facing the world, and it is even more severe in China undergoing rapid development. Statistics show that the total annual emissions in China is 35.3 billion m3, CODMnis about 760 million tons, the treatment rate is only 23.6%, a lot of waste water without being treated in many small towns was discharged directly . It polluted seriously the water supply in many cities and industrial and mining water. According to the survey, among China's seven major river systems, 110 Key Sections, 68% of Water Quality is Ⅲ, Ⅳ, Ⅴ Grade. 90% of the national urban water has been polluted, the most prominent problem is the organic pollution. There are low dissolved oxygen, and the density of ammonia nitrogen, COD, BOD, and TOC in the water is high. Some of the polluted water bodies often appear black smelly serious situation. These organic polluted drinking water source, due to the presence of a large number of organic ozone-depleting substances , by conventional coagulation, sedimentation, filtration and disinfection treatment process, is difficult to achieve the requirements of the national mandatory Standard— "drinking water health standards"(GB 5749-2006) , issued and revised by the national standards committee and Ministry of Health, which there is a new comprehensive index of organic matter - the oxygen consumption is to control trace organic matter in water.

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Safety Guarantee System of Drinking Water Source in Three Gorges Reservoir Area and Its Application in Huangjuedu Drinking Water Source Area

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su11247074 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (24) ◽

pp. 7074

Author(s):

Xiaoling Tang ◽

Aifeng Zhai ◽

Xiaowen Ding ◽

Qiande Zhu

Keyword(s):

Water Pollution ◽

Drinking Water ◽

Three Gorges Reservoir ◽

Source Area ◽

Water Source ◽

Ammonia Nitrogen ◽

Three Gorges Reservoir Area ◽

Drinking Water Source ◽

Three Gorges ◽

Reservoir Area

With China’s rapid economic growth and increasing speed of urbanization, water pollution accidents have become one kind of environmental pollution source in China and bring potential risk to urban drinking water safety. The Huangjuedu Drinking Water Source Area is an important water source in Chongqing City (Southwest China) and a water intake source for the Jiangnan Waterworks of the Chongqing Drinking Water Company. There are still risks of water pollution accidents caused by ship leakage, road traffic accidents, chemical plant leakage, etc. The safety of the drinking water area is related to regional residents’ health and life safety and also has a profound impact on economy development and social stability. To reduce the harmful impacts of water pollution, it is of great scientific value and practical significance to analyze the pollutant diffusion of water pollution accidents with the Three Gorges Reservoir Area drinking water source security platform. In this paper, a two-dimensional water quality monitoring model was applied, and the digital elevation model was incorporated into the geographic information system, which generated a computational grid. Then, the Three Gorges Reservoir Area drinking water source security platform was developed. The platform can predict the water flow velocity, pollutant concentration at the drinking water inlet, and the spatial and temporal distribution of pollutants in the whole water source area. Furthermore, a hypothetical ammonia nitrogen leak accident was analyzed using this safety platform. The ammonia nitrogen concentration at the intake of the drinking water source area was detected and analyzed by the security platform from the time of the accident until the concentration dropped to the background during four water periods under different wind direction conditions. The pollutants took 19, 22, 25, and 40 min to reach the water quality standard during the four water periods. Moreover, the diffusion of ammonia nitrogen in the southeast wind was faster than that in the southwest wind. The results showed that the platform is scientific and practical, and the prediction results are helpful for the Emergency Management Department to quickly and accurately predict the migration of ammonia nitrogen pollution and make corresponding plans under accident conditions.

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Global return flow ratio

10.29104/wins.l.0111.2018 ◽

2017 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Chloé Meyer

Keyword(s):

Drinking Water ◽

Water Source ◽

Return Flow ◽

Drinking Water Source ◽

Chemical Contamination ◽

Flow Ratio ◽

Piped Water ◽

Dug Wells

Population using an improved drinking water source (piped water into dwellings, yards or plots; public taps or standpipes; boreholes or tubewells; protected dug wells; or protected springs and rainwater) that is located on premises and available when needed and which is free of faecal and priority chemical contamination. Basin Pollution Quality Waste

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Delineation of drinking water source protections zones for the Green Hills Country Estates well 02, Weber County, Utah

10.34191/ri-240 ◽

1999 ◽

Keyword(s):

Drinking Water ◽

Water Source ◽

Drinking Water Source

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Incorporating community and multiple perspectives in the development of acceptable drinking water source protection policy in catchments facing recreation demands

Journal of Environmental Management ◽

10.1016/j.jenvman.2013.06.006 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 129 ◽

pp. 112-123 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Geoffrey J. Syme ◽

Blair E. Nancarrow

Keyword(s):

Drinking Water ◽

Water Source ◽

Drinking Water Source ◽

Multiple Perspectives ◽

Protection Policy

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Are children’s stools in Ghana disposed of safely? Evidence from the 2014 Ghana demographic and health survey

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/s12889-021-10155-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Abdul-Aziz Seidu

Keyword(s):

Drinking Water ◽

Health Survey ◽

Water Source ◽

Demographic And Health Survey ◽

Outcome Variable ◽

Drinking Water Source ◽

Safe Disposal ◽

Toilet Facility ◽

Improved Sanitation ◽

Northern Zone

Abstract Background Safe disposal of children’s faeces has always been one of the main challenges to good hygiene in Ghana. Although it has been proven that children’s faeces are more likely to spread diseases than adults’ faeces, people usually mistake them for harmlessness. This study, therefore, sought to determine the prevalence and factors associated with safe disposal of children’s faeces in Ghana. Methods Data from the 2014 Ghana Demographic and Health Survey was used for the analysis. A sample size of 2228 mother-child pairs were used for the study. The outcome variable was disposal of children stools. Both bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the factors with safe child stool disposal. Results The prevalence of safe child stool disposal in Ghana was 24.5%. Women in the middle [Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 4.62; Confidence Interval (CI) = 3.00–7.10], Coastal Zone [AOR = 4.52; CI = 2.82–7.22], mothers whose children were aged 12–17 [AOR = 1.56; CI = 1.15–2.13] and 18–23 months [AOR = 1.75; CI = 1.29–2.39], and mothers whose household had improved type of toilet facility [AOR = 2.04; CI = 1.53–2.73] had higher odds of practicing safe children’s faeces disposal. However, women from households with access to improved source of drinking water [AOR = 0.62; CI = 0.45–2.7] had lower odds of practicing safe children’s faeces disposal. Conclusion Approximately only about 25 out of 100 women practice safe disposal of their children’s faeces in Ghana. The age of the child, ecological zone, the type of toilet facilities, and the type of drinking water source are associated with the disposal of child faeces. These findings have proven that only improved sanitation (i.e. drinking water and toilet facilities) are not enough for women to safely dispose of their children’s faeces. Therefore, in addition to provision of toilet facilities especially in the northern zone of Ghana, there is also the need to motivate and educate mothers on safe disposal of children’s stools especially those with children below 12 months. More so, mothers without access to improved toilet facility should also be educated on the appropriate ways to bury their children’s stools safely.

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