scholarly journals Fundamentals of design and performance matching of scrubbers and ship diesel installations

2021 ◽  
pp. 67-74
Author(s):  
А.А. Иванченкο ◽  
В.В. Шарик ◽  
С.В. Митрашов
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
System Components ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Special Control ◽  
Efficiency Consideration ◽  
Research Analysis

Отмечается, что вступление в силу в 2015году норм на содержание серы в морских топливах 0,1 % для особых районов контроля и в 2020 г. 0,5% за их пределами привело к росту интереса судовладельцев к системам абсорбционной очистке отработавших газов с использованием скруббера. Соответственно в короткий период времени различными производителями были предложены судовладельцам различные модели систем с рассматриваемой технологией в основе. Это требует анализа существующего опыта проектирования и выполнения дополнительных исследований как по устранению влияния систем очистки на экономичность судовой дизельной установкой, так и по повышению их эффективности. Рассмотрение этих задач является целью настоящего исследования. В его основу положен анализ как собственных исследований авторов, так и результаты расчетных и экспериментальных исследований, выполненных с их участием. В отличии от ранее выполненных работ в настоящей статье рассматриваются практические вопросы проектирования и согласования элементов систем очистки с характеристиками дизельных установок. Рассмотрены взаимосвязи элементов абсорбционных систем очистки с системами судна и их двигателей. It is observed that the entry into force in 2015. Marine fuels new sulfur standards of 0.1% for special control areas and in 2020, 0.5% outside of them have increased interests of ship owners in the systems of absorption cleaning of exhaust gases by running the scrubber. Accordingly, in a short period, various manufacturers offered to the ship-owners wide range of systems configurations based on the technology under consideration. This requires an analysis of the existing design experience and the implementation of technical studies, both to eliminate the effect of cleaning systems on the efficiency of a ship diesel installation and to increase their efficiency. Consideration of these tasks is the purpose of this research. Its fundamentals on the authors' own research analysis and on the results of computational and experimental studies carried out with their participation. In contrast to the previously performed work, this article discusses the practical issues of the design and coordination of scrubber system components with the characteristics of diesel installations. The interaction of absorption systems elements with the ship's systems and internal combustion engines is considered.

DIESEL ENGINE OPERATION IN USE OF FUEL WITH ADDITIVES

2018 ◽  
pp. 18-24
Author(s):  
Petar Kazakov ◽  
Atanas Iliev ◽  
Emil Marinov
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Engine Operation ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Positive Effects

Over the decades, more attention has been paid to emissions from the means of transport and the use of different fuels and combustion fuels for the operation of internal combustion engines than on fuel consumption. This, in turn, enables research into products that are said to reduce fuel consumption. The report summarizes four studies of fuel-related innovation products. The studies covered by this report are conducted with diesel fuel and usually contain diesel fuel and three additives for it. Manufacturers of additives are based on already existing studies showing a 10-30% reduction in fuel consumption. Comparative experimental studies related to the use of commercially available diesel fuel with and without the use of additives have been performed in laboratory conditions. The studies were carried out on a stationary diesel engine СМД-17КН equipped with brake КИ1368В. Repeated results were recorded, but they did not confirm the significant positive effect of additives on specific fuel consumption. In some cases, the factors affecting errors in this type of research on the effectiveness of fuel additives for commercial purposes are considered. The reasons for the positive effects of such use of additives in certain engine operating modes are also clarified.

scholarly journals Fuel Cells: The Next Evolution

MRS Bulletin ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 30 (8) ◽  
pp. 581-586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert W. Lashway
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Electrical Conductance ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Pure Oxygen ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Hydrogen Fuel ◽  
Wide Range

AbstractThe articles in this issue of MRS Bulletin highlight the enormous potential of fuel cells for generating electricity using multiple fuels and crossing a wide range of applications. Fuel cells convert chemical energy directly into electrical energy, and as a powergeneration module, they can be viewed as a continuously operating battery.They take in air (or pure oxygen, for aerospace or undersea applications) and hydrocarbon or hydrogen fuel to produce direct current at various outputs. The electrical output can be converted and then connected to motors to generate much cleaner and more fuelefficient power than is possible from internal combustion engines, even when combined with electrical generators in today's hybrid engines. The commercialization of these fuel cell technologies is contingent upon additional advances in materials science that will suit the aggressive electrochemical environment of fuel cells (i.e., both reducing an oxidizing) and provide ionic and electrical conductance for thousands of hours of operation.

scholarly journals The use of thermography in the diagnosis of ship piston internal combustion engines

2018 ◽  
Vol 182 ◽  
pp. 01027
Author(s):  
Jan Monieta
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Thermography ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Fault State ◽  
Floating Objects

The intensity of infrared radiation emitted by objects depends mainly on their temperature. One of the diagnostic signals may be the temperature field. In infrared thermography, this quantity is used as an indicator of the technical condition of marine objects. The article presents an overview of the use of infrared thermography for the diagnosis mainly of marine piston floating objects and various types of reciprocating internal combustion engines as well as examples of own research results. A general introduction to infrared thermography and common procedures for temperature measurement and non-destructive testing are presented. Experimental research was carried out both in laboratory conditions and in the operating conditions of sea-going vessels. Experimental studies consisted of the presentation of photographs of the same objects made in visible light and the use of infrared thermography. The same objects were also compared, but for different cylinders of the tested internal combustion engines as well as for the up state and fault state. The characteristics of the temperature values at selected points were taken depending on the engine load along with the approximation mathematical models of these dependencies.

A Theoretical Approach to the Combustion of Fuel-Alcohol Blends

1985 ◽  
Vol 107 (4) ◽  
pp. 902-907 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Cau ◽  
M. P. Pelagagge
Keyword(s):  
Total Energy ◽  
Theoretical Investigation ◽  
Theoretical Approach ◽  
Total Mass ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Combustion Temperature ◽  
Analytical Procedure ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Constant Mass ◽  
Wide Range

This paper is concerned with the results of a theoretical investigation on combustion of traditional fuel and alcohol blends. An analytical procedure has been developed which examines three different hypotheses for introducing the alcohol: constant mass of primary fuel, constant total energy of fuel, and constant total mass of fuel. The procedure has been applied to combustion at constant volume varying over a wide range of air-fuel ratios, percentage of alcohol, and combustion temperature. The results obtained, of particular interest for reciprocating internal combustion engines, indicate that as far as energy and emissions are concerned, the effects of alcohol on combustion depend strongly on the hypothesis adopted for fueling the alcohol.

Impact of a Holistic Turbocharger Model in the Prediction of Engines Performance in Transient Operation and in Steady State With LP-EGR

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Ramón Serrano ◽  
Francisco José Arnau ◽  
Luis Miguel García-Cuevas González ◽  
Alejandro Gómez-Vilanova ◽  
Stephane Guilain
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Detailed Calculation ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Reciprocating Engine ◽  
Steady State Operation ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Source Of Information ◽  
Optimization And Performance

Turbocharged engines are the standard powertrain type of internal combustion engines for both spark ignition and compression ignition concepts. Turbochargers modeling traditionally rely in look up tables based on turbocharger manufacturer provided maps. These maps as the only secure source of information. They are used both for the matching between reciprocating engine and the turbocharger and for the further engine optimization and performance analysis. In the last years have become evident that only these maps are not being useful for detailed calculation of variables like after-treatment inlet temperature (turbine outlet), intercooler inlet temperature (compressor outlet) and engine BSFC at low loads. This paper shows a comprehensive study that quantifies the errors of using just look up tables compared with a model that accounts for friction losses, heat transfer and gas-dynamics in a turbocharger and in a conjugated way. The study is based in an Euro 5 engine operating in load transient conditions and using a LP-EGR circuit during steady state operation.

scholarly journals A design tool for the performances comparison of innovative energy systems for naval applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 113 ◽  
pp. 02005
Author(s):  
D. Rattazzi ◽  
M. Rivarolo ◽  
T. Lamberti ◽  
L. Magistri
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Design Tool ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Storage Technologies ◽  
Market Solutions ◽  
And Storage

This paper aims to develop a tool for the performances comparison of innovative energy systems on board ships, both for concentrated and distributed generation applications. In the first part of the study, the tool database has been developed throughout a wide analysis of the available market solutions in terms of energy generation devices (i.e. fuel cells, internal combustion engines, micro gas turbines), fuels (hydrogen, natural gas, diesel) and related storage technologies. Many of these data have been collected also thanks to the laboratory experience of the authors’ research group on different innovative energy systems. From the database, a wide range of maps has been created, correlating costs, volumes, weights and emissions with the installed power and the operational hours required, given by the user as input. The tool highlights the best solution according to the different relevance chosen by the user for each key parameter (i.e. costs, volumes, emissions). In the second part, two different case studies are presented in order to underline how the installed power, the different ship typology and the user requirements affect the choice of the best solution. It is worth noting that the methodology has a general value, as the tool can be applied to both the design of new ships, and to the retrofit of already existing ships in order to respect new requirements (e.g. more and more stringent normative in terms of pollutant emissions in ports and restricted areas). Furthermore, the database can be easily extended to other generation and storage technologies.

scholarly journals Experimental study on noise reduction and performance enhancement for internal combustion engines

2020 ◽  
Vol 318 ◽  
pp. 01014
Author(s):  
Ioan Radu Şugar ◽  
Mihai Banica
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Noise Reduction ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Performance Enhancement ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
And Performance

As the number of cars increases and large cities become more and more crowded, noise reduction becomes more and more important. The decrease of the fuel consumption and the increase of power to the same cylindrical capacity are always current topics. This paper’s aim is to bring a contribution to solving these problems. The proposed solution consists in the use of ceramic materials in the design of the combustion chamber.

scholarly journals Development and Validation of a Reduced DME Mechanism Applicable to Various Combustion Modes in Internal Combustion Engines

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory T. Chin ◽  
J.-Y. Chen ◽  
Vi H. Rapp ◽  
R. W. Dibble
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Detailed Mechanism ◽  
Reduced Mechanism ◽  
Hcci Combustion ◽  
Combustion Modes ◽  
Reduced Chemistry ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Development And Validation

A 28-species reduced chemistry mechanism for Dimethyl Ether (DME) combustion is developed on the basis of a recent detailed mechanism by Zhao et al. (2008). The construction of reduced chemistry was carried out with automatic algorithms incorporating newly developed strategies. The performance of the reduced mechanism is assessed over a wide range of combustion conditions anticipated to occur in future advanced piston internal combustion engines, such as HCCI, SAHCCI, and PCCI. Overall, the reduced chemistry gives results in good agreement with those from the detailed mechanism for all the combustion modes tested. While the detailed mechanism by Zhao et al. (2008) shows reasonable agreement with the shock tube autoignition delay data, the detailed mechanism requires further improvement in order to better predict HCCI combustion under engine conditions.

Experimental Studies on the Performance of C.I Engine with Fish Oil Methyl Ester as Fuel for Various Blends of Diesel and LPG

2015 ◽  
Vol 787 ◽  
pp. 687-691
Author(s):  
Tarigonda Hari Prasad ◽  
R. Meenakshi Reddy ◽  
P. Mallikarjuna Rao
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Inlet Manifold

Fossil fuels are exhausting quickly because of incremental utilization rate due to increase population and essential comforts on par with civilization. In this connection, the conventional fuels especially petrol and diesel for internal combustion engines, are getting exhausted at an alarming rate. In order to plan for survival of technology in future it is necessary to plan for alternate fuels. Further, these fossil fuels cause serious environmental problems as they release toxic gases into the atmosphere at high temperatures and concentrations. The predicted global energy consumption is increasing at faster rate. In view of this and many other related issues, these fuels will have to be replaced completely or partially by less harmful alternative, eco-friendly and renewable source fuels for the internal combustion engines. Hence, throughout the world, lot of research work is in progress pertaining to suitability and feasibility of alternative fuels. Biodiesel is one of the promising sources of energy to mitigate both the serious problems of the society viz., depletion of fossil fuels and environmental pollution. In the present work, experiments are carried out on a Single cylinder diesel engine which is commonly used in agricultural sector. Experiments are conducted by fuelling the diesel engine with bio-diesel with LPG through inlet manifold. The engine is properly modified to operate under dual fuel operation using LPG through inlet manifold as fuel along FME as ignition source. The brake thermal efficiency of FME with LPG (2LPM) blend is increased at an average of 5% when compared to the pure diesel fuel. HC emissions of FME with LPG (2LPM) blend are reduced by about at an average of 21% when compared to the pure diesel fuel. CO emissions of FME with LPG (2LPM) blends are reduced at an average of 33.6% when compared to the pure diesel fuel. NOx emissions of FME with LPG (2LPM) blend are reduced at an average of 4.4% when compared to the pure diesel fuel. Smoke opacity of FME with LPG (2LPM) blend is reduced at an average of 10% when compared to the pure diesel fuel.

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