scholarly journals Load capacity of the board grillage with two stringers under ice loading

Author(s):  
А.И. Притыкин

Снизить повреждаемость бортовых перекрытий при ледовых нагрузках можно за счет совершенствования расчетных зависимостей по оценке их несущей способности. Далеко не всегда такие зависимости, приводимые в справочных изданиях, дают верные рекомендации из-за не вполне ясного характера распределения нагрузок в сложных статически неопределимых системах. В справочнике по СМК приводится расчетная зависимость, позволяющая определить несущую способность регулярного перекрытия с двумя стрингерами при действиии локально распределенной нагрузки в пределах прямоугольника. Цель данной работы заключалась в оценке несущей способности реального бортового перекрытия ледокола типа Wind с помощью МКЭ при параметрах ледовой нагрузки, определяемой рекомендациями Морского Регистра РФ, и последующем сравнении полученных результатов с расчетами по теоретической зависимости, приведенной в справочнике. Полученные данные показали, что зависимость в справочнике для оценки несущей способности перекрытия дает удовлетворительно согласующиеся с МКЭ результаты после соответствующего уменьшения числового коэффициента в ней. При анализе несущей способности перекрытия варьировались шпация, толщина обшивки, высота стенок стрингеров и площадь приложения нагрузки. Установлено, что текучесть наблюдается в опорных сечениях шпангоутов и посредине их пролета, а из-за большой ширины присоединенного пояска обшивка у контура перекрытия практически никогда не течет. Полученные МКЭ результаты показали наличие обратно пропорциональной зависимости между предельной нагрузкой и шпацией при фиксированной площади нагружения. Отмечено, что увеличение толщины обшивки несущественно влияет на величину предельной нагрузки при остальных неизменных параметрах перекрытия. Выполненные расчеты позволяют кроме предельной нагрузки оценить также и величины прогибов при упругопластическом деформировании перекрытий, которые затруднительно подсчитать аналитически. To low damage of the board grillages under ice loading is possible by improving analytical relations on estimation of their load capacity. Not always such relations, bringing in manuals, give true recommendations because of complex character of the loads distribution in static indeterminate systems. Im manual on ship structural mechanics is giving analytical relation for determination of load capacity of regular grillage with two stringers under action of localy distributed load in rectangular area. Purpose of this study is to estimate load capacity of real board grillage of icebreaker of type Wind with help of FEM under parameters of ice load recommended in Maritime Register of RF, and following comparison of obtained results with calculation on analytical relation, given in manual. Obtained results show that relation in manual for estimation of load capacity of grillage give satisfactory results corresponding to FEM only after corresponding reducing of numerical coefficient in it. Under analysis of load capacity of grillage, it was changing frame space, thickness of plating, depth of stringers and area of application of load. It was estimated that most loaded zones of frames are their sections near supports and in the mid-span. Because of big width of associated plate the plating near contour of grillage is never yielding practically. Results obtained by FEM show existence of inversely proportional relation between the limit load and space framing under fixed area of loading. It was noticed that increasing of the plating thickness influent not essentially on value of the limit load under all other parameters of grillage unchangeable. Performed calculations allow to estimate limit load and value of deflections under elasto-plastic deformation of grillage, which is difficult to calculate analytically,

1987 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 1603-1609
Author(s):  
A. Ya. Krasovskii ◽  
V. N. Krasiko ◽  
V. M. Torop ◽  
I. V. Orynyak

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 133-136
Author(s):  
Dominik Gałdyński

The article discusses the process of stress and strain changes for an energy-intensive profile with a square cross-section as a result of axial compression, expressed using a mathematical apparatus that allows determination of the load-bearing capacity of such a profile, the use of which in the form of stringers is found in modern automotive body constructions . Elements, such as the so-called a zone of controlled crumpling, taking over part of the impact energy, at the same time being responsible for the progressive nature of the deformation of this area.


Author(s):  
A.И. Притыкин

Для оценки несущей способности балок судовых конструкций надо определять их предельную нагрузку. Существующие расчетные зависимости, приводимые в справочных изданиях, далеко не всегда дают верные рекомендации, когда речь идет о балках с присоединенным пояском обшивки, который может намного превосходить размер свободного пояска. В работе проведен сравнительный анализ оценки предельной нагрузки, определяемой аналитически и путем упругопластического расчета методом конечных элементов с варьированием ширины присоединенного пояска. Рассматривался вариант упругопластического нагружения с линейным упрочнением. Полученные результаты показали, что приводимая в справочнике по СМК, зависимость для оценки предельной нагрузки балок с асимметричным профилем не совсем корректна из-за неполного включения присоединенного пояска в работу. Это дает завышенные значения предельной нагрузки. Проверены были также рекомендации по оценке прогибов балок в предельном состоянии, показавшие, что рекомендации справочника по СМК приводят к заниженным значениям прогибов. Для балок симметричного профиля расчетные зависимости справочника дают вполне удовлетворительные результаты. Отмечено, что если поперечная нагрузка вызывает текучесть стенки балки от сдвига, то влияние ширины присоединенного пояска практически не сказывается на ее несущей способности. Проанализировано также влияние величины секущего модуля на предельную нагрузку балки. For estimation of load capacity of the ship beams it is necessary to determine their limit load. Existing analytical relations, indicated in different manuals, not always give true recommendations when talk is about beams with associated plate many times exceeding dimensions of free flange. In this paper fulfilled comparative analysis of limit load, determined with analytical and elastic-plastic calculation by the finite element method. It was considered case of elastic-plastic deformation with lineal strain-hardening. Obtained results show that indicated in manual on the ship structural mechanics, relation for estimation of limit load of non-symmetric I-beams is not quite correct because of not complete inclusion of associated plate to the beam deformation. This lead to overestimation of limit loads. It was also shown that recommendations on evaluation of the deflections of beams in elastic-plastic deformations according to mentioned manual lead to much lower values of deflections. For beam with symmetric profile the relations of manual give quite satisfactory results. It was noticed, that if transverse load produces the yielding of web due to shear the influence of width of associated plate has no influence on the load capacity of beam. It was also analyzed influence of value of the strain-hardening modulus on limit load of beam.


Author(s):  
A.M. Svalov ◽  

The influence of small-size inclusion of pipes in a well column on the natural frequency of its longitudinal vibrations is investigated. Using the asymptotic expansion in a small parameter, an analytical relation is obtained that describes the change in the period of the column oscillations in the form of some additional small term to the period of the homogeneous column oscillations. Numerical calculations show that the obtained analytical relations almost accurately describe the oscillation period of a column with a massive compact inclusion, while its difference from the oscillation period of a homogeneous column is within ~20%. The results obtained can be useful for preventing resonant phenomena in the drill string when drilling wells, as well as for optimal use of the longitudinal vibrations of the tubing string to influence the bottom-hole zones of producing wells.


Author(s):  
Khaled Sobhan ◽  
Francisco Martinez ◽  
D.V. Reddy

The corrosion resistance of fly ash-based geopolymer structural concrete (GPC), with or without fibers, was investigated in a simulated marine environment, and compared with that of ordinary Portland cement structural concrete. The corrosion behavior is studied through an electrochemical method for inducing accelerated corrosion. The fiber-reinforced specimens contained polyolefin fibers in the amounts of 0.1%, 0.3%, and 0.5% by volume. Several artificial corrosion conduits were introduced into the specimens reaching up to the rebars. This process enhanced the rate of laboratory corrosion in GPC. The corrosion-damaged beams were then analyzed through a method of crack scoring, and determination of steel mass loss and residual flexural load capacity. The fiber-reinforced corroded GPC beams showed a 24% reduction in crack scores, and a 109% increase in residual flexural load capacity, compared to unreinforced corroded GPC beams. This shows promise of fiber-reinforced GPC as a sustainable structural material in the marine environment.


Author(s):  
Nicholas A. Petrucci

A Worker (Plaintiff) Fell From A Step-Ladder And Was Injured. The Purpose Of The Forensic Engineering Investigation Was To Determine The Cause(S) Of The Incident, And In Particular, If The Incident Was Caused By A Ladder Defect. The Incident Ladder And A Representative Incident Scene Were Inspected. Various Discovery Documents And The Applicable American National Standards Institute (Ansi) Standard Were Reviewed. A Critique From The Opposing (Defendant) Expert Is Presented And Addressed. The Cause Of The Plaintiff Fall From The Ladder Was Determined To Be Its Sudden Instability Due To The Failure Of A Rivet That Secured The Top Cap To The Left-Front Rail. The Failed Rivet Was Not Recovered. Further Analysis Indicated That The Cause Of The Rivet Failure Was Its Defective Design Coupled With Its Reduction In Shear Load Capacity From Normal And Improper Use Of The Ladder. The Determination Of The Defective Design Of The Rivet Was Confirmed By Subsequent Design Improvements Of The Ladder. The Relevance Of The Analysis Performed Is Discussed. Various Noteworthy Points Are Presented For Consideration For Forensic Engineers Of Various Technical Disciplines.


2016 ◽  
Vol 821 ◽  
pp. 113-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduard Stach ◽  
Jiří Falta ◽  
Matěj Sulitka

Tilting (parallelism error) of guiding surfaces may cause reduction of load capacity of hydrostatic (HS) guideways and bearings in machine tools (MT). Using coupled finite element (FE) computational models of MT structures, it is nowadays possible to determine the extent of guiding surfaces deformation caused by thermal effects, gravitational force, cutting forces and inertia effects. Assessment of maximum allowable tilt has so far been based merely on experience. The paper presents a detailed model developed for description of the effect of HS bearing tilt on the load capacity characteristics of HS guideways. The model allows an evaluation of the tilt influence on the change of the characteristics as well as determination of the limit values of allowable tilt in interaction with compliant machine tool structure. The proposed model is based on the model of flow over the land of the HS pocket under extended Navier-Stokes equation. The model is verified using an experimental test rig.


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