AMANDA HILMARSSON-DUNN / ROSAMOND MITCHELL - Multilingual Migrants in England: Factors Affecting their Language Use - 65

Abstract This study focuses on the issue of language proficiency attainment among young heritage speakers of Russian living in Spain and examines factors that have been claimed to promote heritage language proficiency, namely, age, gender, age of onset to L2, quantity of exposure and family language use. A group of 30 Russian-Spanish-Catalan trilingual children aged 7–11 participated in the study. In order to measure heritage language proficiency (L1 Russian), oral narratives were elicited. The results demonstrated a significant relationship between L1 proficiency and three sociolinguistic variables (age of onset to L2, quantity of exposure and family language use). Additionally, the multiply regression model demonstrated that the only significant variable affecting language proficiency was family language use and it accounted only for 33% of the variation of children’s language proficiency. The study raises the question about what are the other, yet unknown factors, which can affect heritage language proficiency.

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Individual language management and language strategies of Hungarian students in Bratislava

Journal of Linguistics/Jazykovedný casopis ◽

10.2478/jazcas-2021-0004 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 71 (3) ◽

pp. 351-372

Author(s):

Lucia Molnár Satinská

Keyword(s):

Minority Students ◽

Language Use ◽

Mother Tongue ◽

Peer Group ◽

Capital City ◽

Language Management ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Language Problems ◽

Language Strategies ◽

The Individual

Abstract The paper focuses on the individual language management of Hungarian minority students from Southern Slovakia who migrated to study at university in the capital city of Slovakia, Bratislava. It presents language strategies of five students, based on their language biographies. Each student was interviewed three times during their first three years of study. The language problems of these students include maintaining their mother tongue and improving their skills in Slovak as well as balancing between the two languages in various spheres of life. Factors affecting the language use of the students are family, institutions, peer group and overcoming fear. The students deal with their everyday multilingualism according to several models, which can be described on the axis between Hungarian only to Slovak only, but the students mostly find themselves somewhere in between the two, depending on various spheres (family, university, jobs, peers).

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FACTORS AFFECTING STUDENTS IN TRANSLATING TEXTS IDIOMATICALLY

Journal of Language, Literature, and Teaching ◽

10.35529/jllte.v2i3.20-25 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

pp. 20-25

Author(s):

Morada Tetty

Keyword(s):

Social Context ◽

Language Development ◽

Error Analysis ◽

Qualitative Method ◽

Language Use ◽

English Department ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Second Language Development ◽

Error Analyses ◽

Long Time

The discussion of translation used by students has been investigated long time ago in which the setup of the Second Language Development was firstly established, i.e around 1900s. Many Error Analyses on translation have been analyzed by linguists which become the valuable contributions towards the study of translation. This study deals with error analysis of students’ project on translations of English Department of UNIMED so that there could be drawn some factors that make students are in difficulty in translating texts idiomatically. Qualitative method is used in analyzing this study and all the data are taken from students’ projects and worksheets on translation. Among factors that cause students are in difficulty in translating texts idiomatically are less understanding the meanings of the texts, do not fully master the lexicogrammar, do not understand the language concepts, social context, language use, etc.

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Factors affecting language use outside the ESL classroom: Student perspectives

System ◽

10.1016/j.system.2015.03.006 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 51 ◽

pp. 11-27 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Elena Shvidko ◽

Norman W. Evans ◽

K. James Hartshorn

Keyword(s):

Language Use ◽

Student Perspectives ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Esl Classroom

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The multilingual experience

Dutch Journal of Applied Linguistics ◽

10.1075/dujal.6.1.05wol ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 77-99 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Nina Woll

Keyword(s):

Language Learning ◽

Language Learners ◽

Language Use ◽

Major Constituent ◽

Metalinguistic Awareness ◽

Content Type ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Think Aloud Protocols ◽

French Speaking ◽

The Relationship

Abstract Of the numerous factors affecting language development, a particular role has been assigned to Metalinguistic Awareness (MLA) as a major constituent of the cognitive development of experienced language learners, while being itself a key to accelerated language learning (e.g., Jessner, 2008). The present study explores the relationship between multilingual usage and MLA in French-speaking Quebeckers (n = 66) with different language backgrounds who start to learn German after English in a formal setting. ‘Multilingual experience’ was operationalized by the frequency and the diversity of foreign language use across 10 different contexts of use. A reflexive dimension of MLA was assessed by means of the THAM-3 (Pinto & El Euch, 2015), and complemented by think-aloud protocols produced during a multilingual translation task, which reflected an applied dimension of MLA. Multiple regression analyses suggest that both frequency and diversity of non-native language use in specifically literacy-based activities predicted the applied dimension of MLA.

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Factors affecting the recognition of words in a second language

Bilingualism Language and Cognition ◽

10.1017/s1366728900000134 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 55-67 ◽

Cited By ~ 85

Author(s):

Diane Meador ◽

James E. Flege ◽

Ian R. A. Mackay

Keyword(s):

Regression Analysis ◽

Second Language ◽

Word Recognition ◽

Language Use ◽

Native Speakers ◽

Native Language ◽

Hierarchical Regression ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

English Vowels ◽

L1 Use

This study examined the recognition of English words by groups of native speakers of Italian who differed in age of arrival in Canada and amount of continued native language use. The dependent variable was the number of words correctly repeated in English sentences presented in noise. Significantly higher word recognition scores were obtained for early than late bilinguals, and for early bilinguals who used Italian seldom than for early bilinguals who used Italian relatively often. A hierarchical regression analysis showed that the native Italian participants' ability to perceive English vowels and consonants accounted for a significant amount of variance in the word-recognition scores independently of age of arrival, amount of L1 use, and length of residence in Canada. The native language use effect was interpreted to have arisen from differences in the extent to which the early bilinguals' Italian phonetic system influenced the representations they developed for English vowels and consonants.

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Progress In The Practical Application Of Automated Image Analysis To Tem Negatives

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100078614 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 35 ◽

pp. 214-217

Author(s):

F. A. Heckman ◽

E. Redman ◽

J.E. Connolly

Keyword(s):

Image Analysis ◽

Image Quality ◽

Exposure Time ◽

Image Contrast ◽

Automated Image Analysis ◽

Practical Application ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

High Image Quality ◽

Qualitative Evidence ◽

Comprehensive Study

In our initial publication on this subject1) we reported results demonstrating that contrast is the most important factor in producing the high image quality required for reliable image analysis. We also listed the factors which enhance contrast in order of the experimentally determined magnitude of their effect. The two most powerful factors affecting image contrast attainable with sheet film are beam intensity and KV. At that time we had only qualitative evidence for the ranking of enhancing factors. Later we carried out the densitometric measurements which led to the results outlined below.Meaningful evaluations of the cause-effect relationships among the considerable number of variables in preparing EM negatives depend on doing things in a systematic way, varying only one parameter at a time. Unless otherwise noted, we adhered to the following procedure evolved during our comprehensive study:Philips EM-300; 30μ objective aperature; magnification 7000- 12000X, exposure time 1 second, anti-contamination device operating.

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Factors affecting microstructural scale in liquid crystalline polymers

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100174230 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 48 (4) ◽

pp. 220-221

Author(s):

Christine M. Dannels ◽

Christopher Viney

Keyword(s):

Liquid Crystalline ◽

Liquid Crystalline Polymers ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Crystalline Polymers ◽

Thermal Expansion Coefficients ◽

Low Thermal Expansion ◽

Lower Viscosity ◽

Fine Microstructure ◽

Planar Orientation ◽

Strength And Stiffness

Processing polymers from the liquid crystalline state offers several advantages compared to processing from conventional fluids. These include: better axial strength and stiffness in fibers, better planar orientation in films, lower viscosity during processing, low solidification shrinkage of injection moldings (thermotropic processing), and low thermal expansion coefficients. However, the compressive strength of the solid is disappointing. Previous efforts to improve this property have focussed on synthesizing stiffer molecules. The effect of microstructural scale has been overlooked, even though its relevance to the mechanical and physical properties of more traditional materials is well established. By analogy with the behavior of metals and ceramics, one would expect a fine microstructure (i..e. a high density of orientational defects) to be desirable.Also, because much microstructural detail in liquid crystalline polymers occurs on a scale close to the wavelength of light, light is scattered on passing through these materials.

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