scholarly journals P16INK4A Expression on Retinoblastoma at Mohammad Hoesin Hospital Palembang

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Sri Tanty Fuji A Harahap ◽  
Ika Kartika ◽  
Rusdianto
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Cdk Inhibitor ◽  
Cyclin D ◽  
Rb1 Gene ◽  
Histopathological Feature ◽  
P16ink4a Expression ◽  
Degree Of Differentiation ◽  
Histopathologic Feature ◽  
Hematoxylin Eosin

ABSTRACT Background: Retinoblastoma is a malignant tumor with an average incidence of one case per 15,000-20,000 births. Retinoblastoma is associated with the presence of the Rb1 gene mutation which has role in preventing DNA replication. Various studies have linked the existence of p16INK4A as a CDK inhibitor that inhibits Cyclin D and CDK4 so that the activity of the Rb1 gene is inhibited. Objective: This study was conducted to identify p16INK4A expression on Retinoblastoma at Mohammad Hoesin Hospital. Methodology: A descriptive study used on the paraffin blocks of 14 cases Retinoblastoma in Mohammad Hoesin Hospital Palembang from January 2014- July2018. Histopathologic feature were examined with Hematoxylin- Eosin staining and immunohistochemical were examined with p16INK4A antibody. Data were analyzed using SPSS version23 to identify histopathological feature of p16INK4A expression in Retinoblastoma Results: Most retinoblastoma samples in this study were expressed in p16INK4A (92.86%). The degree of differentiation of retinoblastoma with the largest number at Mohammad Hoesin Hospital is moderately differentiated (57.14%). Retinoblastoma invasion of the optic nerve and sclera in the study at Mohammad Hoesin Hospital, respectively at 57.14% and 42.86%. Conclusion: Most retinoblastoma samples in this study were expressed in p16INK4A.

scholarly journals Gambaran Neuritis Optik di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado Tahun 2015-2017

e-CliniC ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Holy V. A. Kondengis ◽  
Sigmund I. E. Tumewu ◽  
Rillya D. P. Manoppo
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Optic Neuritis ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Descriptive Study

Abstract: Optic neuritis is a condition where inflammation occurs in the optic nerve. This disease is accompanied by sudden vision decrease that can be temporary or even permanent if not treated well. This study was aimed to obtain the profile of optic neuritis at Prof Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado from year 2015 to 2017. This was a retrospective and descriptive study using patients’ medical records from year 2015 to 2017. There were 24 optic neuritis patients involved in this study; males were predominant as many as 13 patients (54%). Optic neuritis were more common at age interval of 26-45 years as many as 11 patients (46%). Based on occupation, housewifery had the highest percentage (25%). Most cases of optic neuritis could not be classified in this study as many as 14 patients (58%). In conclusion, optic neuritis was more common in males, age interval 26-45 years. Based on its type, most optic neuritis cases could not be classified.Keywords: optic neuritis Abstrak: Neuritis optik merupakan kondisi dimana terjadi inflamasi pada saraf optik. Penyakit ini disertai dengan penurunan penglihatan secara tiba-tiba yang dapat bersifat sementara atau bahkan sampai permanen jika tidak ditangani dengan baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran neuritis optik di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado tahun 2015-2017. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif retrospektif dengan menggunakan data rekam medik pada tahun 2015 - 2017. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat 24 pasien neuritis optik pada tahun 2015-2017 di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado. Berdasarkan jenis kelamin lebih banyak ditemukan pada laki-laki sebanyak 13 pasien (54%) sedangkan untuk usia ditemukan pada interval usia 26-45 tahun sebanyak 11 pasien (46%). Berdaasarkan pekerjaan, neuritis optik terbanyak didapatkan pada ibu rumah tangga (IRT) sebanyak 6 pasien (25%). Untuk jenis neuritis optik umumnya didapatkan yang tidak diklasifikasi jenisnya sebanyak 14 pasien (58%). Simpulan penelitian ini ialah neuritis optik lebih banyak didapatkan pada laki-laki, dengan rentang usia 26-45 tahun, jenis neuritis optik yang tidak diklasifikasi, dan lebih didominasi jenis pekerjaan IRT.Kata kunci: neuritis optik

scholarly journals Adenovirus E1A-Regulated Transcription Factor p120E4F Inhibits Cell Growth and Induces the Stabilization of the cdk Inhibitor p21WAF1

1998 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 459-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elma R. Fernandes ◽  
Jun Yuan Zhang ◽  
Robert J. Rooney
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Cell Growth ◽  
Cell Cycle Progression ◽  
Kinase Activity ◽  
Fibroblast Cell ◽  
Binding Activity ◽  
Cdk Inhibitor ◽  
Cyclin D ◽  
Fourfold Increase ◽  
Adenovirus E1a

ABSTRACT Adenovirus E1A proteins influence cell growth and phenotype through physical interactions with cellular proteins that regulate basic processes such as cell cycle progression, DNA synthesis, and differentiation. p120E4F is a low-abundance cellular transcription factor that represses the adenovirus E4 promoter and is regulated by E1A, through a phosphorylation-induced reduction of its DNA binding activity, to permit activation of the E4 promoter during early infection. To determine the normal biological role of p120E4F, we assessed its ability to influence fibroblast cell growth and transformation. p120E4F suppressed NIH 3T3 fibroblast colony formation but had little effect when coexpressed with E1A and/or activated ras. Cells that overexpressed p120E4F were inhibited in their ability to enter S phase, had elevated levels of the cdk inhibitor p21 WAF1 , and reduced cyclin D-cdk4/6 kinase activity. The increase of p21 WAF1 levels occurred through a p53-independent posttranscriptional mechanism that included a three- to fourfold increase in the half-life of p21 WAF1 protein. Coexpression of activatedras with p120E4F stimulated cyclin D1 expression, elevated cyclin D-cdk4/6 kinase activity, and accelerated cell growth. These data suggest an important role for p120E4F in normal cell division and demonstrate that p21 WAF1 can be regulated by protein turnover.

scholarly journals Gambaran Neuritis Optik di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado Tahun 2015-2017

e-CliniC ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Holy V. A. Kondengis ◽  
Sigmund I. E. Tumewu ◽  
Rillya D. P. Manoppo
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Optic Neuritis ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Descriptive Study

Abstract: Optic neuritis is a condition where inflammation occurs in the optic nerve. This disease is accompanied by sudden vision decrease that can be temporary or even permanent if not treated well. This study was aimed to obtain the profile of optic neuritis at Prof Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado from year 2015 to 2017. This was a retrospective and descriptive study using patients’ medical records from year 2015 to 2017. There were 24 optic neuritis patients involved in this study; males were predominant as many as 13 patients (54%). Optic neuritis were more common at age interval of 26-45 years as many as 11 patients (46%). Based on occupation, housewifery had the highest percentage (25%). Most cases of optic neuritis could not be classified in this study as many as 14 patients (58%). In conclusion, optic neuritis was more common in males, age interval 26-45 years. Based on its type, most optic neuritis cases could not be classified.Keywords: optic neuritis Abstrak: Neuritis optik merupakan kondisi dimana terjadi inflamasi pada saraf optik. Penyakit ini disertai dengan penurunan penglihatan secara tiba-tiba yang dapat bersifat sementara atau bahkan sampai permanen jika tidak ditangani dengan baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran neuritis optik di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado tahun 2015-2017. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif retrospektif dengan menggunakan data rekam medik pada tahun 2015 - 2017. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat 24 pasien neuritis optik pada tahun 2015-2017 di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado. Berdasarkan jenis kelamin lebih banyak ditemukan pada laki-laki sebanyak 13 pasien (54%) sedangkan untuk usia ditemukan pada interval usia 26-45 tahun sebanyak 11 pasien (46%). Berdaasarkan pekerjaan, neuritis optik terbanyak didapatkan pada ibu rumah tangga (IRT) sebanyak 6 pasien (25%). Untuk jenis neuritis optik umumnya didapatkan yang tidak diklasifikasi jenisnya sebanyak 14 pasien (58%). Simpulan penelitian ini ialah neuritis optik lebih banyak didapatkan pada laki-laki, dengan rentang usia 26-45 tahun, jenis neuritis optik yang tidak diklasifikasi, dan lebih didominasi jenis pekerjaan IRT.Kata kunci: neuritis optik

Optic Nerve Damage in Shaken Baby Syndrome

2000 ◽  
Vol 124 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-256
Author(s):  
Aaron M. Gleckman ◽  
Richard J. Evans ◽  
Michael D. Bell ◽  
Thomas W. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Amyloid Precursor Protein ◽  
Head Trauma ◽  
Axonal Injury ◽  
Shaken Baby Syndrome ◽  
Precursor Protein ◽  
Optic Nerve Damage ◽  
Blunt Head Trauma ◽  
Β Amyloid ◽  
Hematoxylin Eosin

Abstract Background.—Rapid acceleration-deceleration of an infant's head during intentional shaking should in theory exert stretch or shear forces upon the optic nerves sufficient to cause axonal injury. β-Amyloid precursor protein (β-APP) immunohistochemistry recently has been shown to be a highly effective method for identifying diffuse axonal injury in the brains of infants with shaken baby syndrome. In this study, we investigated the utility of β-APP in identifying optic nerve damage in infants who have sustained fatal whiplash shaking. Materials and Methods.—β-Amyloid precursor protein immunohistochemistry was performed on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections of eyes (including optic disc and distal optic nerve) from infants less than 1 year of age with shaken baby syndrome (5 cases), combined shaken baby syndrome/blunt head trauma (3 cases), and “pure” blunt head trauma (1 case). Nontraumatic control cases included infants who died of suffocation (1 case), sudden infant death syndrome (1 case), and positional asphyxia (1 case) and an enucleation from a child with a retinoblastoma (1 case). Matched hematoxylin-eosin–and neurofilament-stained sections were used for comparison. Results.—Three of the 5 shaken baby cases and all 3 combined shaken baby/blunt head trauma cases had optic nerve axonal injury identified by the presence of strongly β-APP–immunoreactive beaded or swollen axonal segments. Axonal injury could not be detected in the corresponding hematoxylin-eosin–or neurofilament-stained sections. Optic nerve axonal injury was not seen in the case involving pure blunt head trauma or in the nontraumatic control cases. Conclusions.—Optic nerve axonal injury is a prominent feature of intentional fatal whiplash head trauma in infants less than 1 year of age. β-Amyloid protein precursor immunohistochemistry appears to be the most effective method for demonstrating axonal damage in the optic nerve.

scholarly journals Identification of human and mouse p19, a novel CDK4 and CDK6 inhibitor with homology to p16ink4.

1995 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 2682-2688 ◽  
Author(s):  
F K Chan ◽  
J Zhang ◽  
L Cheng ◽  
D N Shapiro ◽  
A Winoto
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Cyclin E ◽  
G1 Arrest ◽  
Cdk Inhibitor ◽  
Cyclin D ◽  
Human And Mouse

The cell cycle in mammalian cells is regulated by a series of cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs). The G1/S checkpoint is mainly dictated by the kinase activities of the cyclin D-CDK4 and/or cyclin D-CDK6 complex and the cyclin E-CDK2 complex. These G1 kinases can in turn be regulated by cell cycle inhibitors, which may cause the cells to arrest at the G1 phase. In T-cell hybridomas, addition of anti-T-cell receptor antibody results not only in G1 arrest but also in apoptosis. In searching for a protein(s) which might interact with Nur77, an orphan steroid receptor required for activation-induced apoptosis of T-cell hybridomas, we have cloned a novel human and mouse CDK inhibitor, p19. The deduced p19 amino acid sequence consists of four ankyrin repeats with 48% identity to p16. The human p19 gene is located on chromosome 19p13, distinct from the positions of p18, p16, and p15. Its mRNA is expressed in all cell types examined. The p19 fusion protein can associate in vitro with CDK4 but not with CDK2, CDC2, or cyclin A, B, E, or D1 to D3. Addition of p19 protein can lead to inhibition of the in vitro kinase activity of cyclin D-CDK4 but not that of cyclin E-CDK2. In T-cell hybridoma DO11.10, p19 was found in association with CDK4 and CDK6 in vivo, although its association with Nur77 is not clear at this point. Thus, p19 is a novel CDK inhibitor which may play a role in the cell cycle regulation of T cells.

scholarly journals GAMBARAN HISTOPATOLOGI LAMBUNG TIKUS WISTAR PASCA PEMBERIAN METANOL

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fenny Kartaningshi Hehi
Keyword(s):  
Dose Group ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Macroscopic Scale ◽  
Methanol Treatment ◽  
Result Show ◽  
Microscopic Feature ◽  
Histopathologic Changes ◽  
Histopathologic Feature ◽  
Hard Consistency

Abstract: Methanol is often misused as a material for making liquor. The longer someone consumes alcohol, the more cells is damaged. Purpose: to analyze of wistar gastric histopathologic feature after administration of methanol. Methods:  This is an experimental descriptive study using 20 adult wistar with consist of 5 as controls and 15 as treated rats, then divided into three groups with each dose group 30%, 40%, 60% of methanol.  1.2 mL methanol once per day were being administered. Result:  The result show the macroscopic and microscopic feature of wistar stomach of first and second treatment still look normal. However the 60% methanol treatment showed their gastric look rosy with chewy and hard consistency at macroscopic scale. At microscopicly scale, there were intact mucosal line and inflammatory cells (neutrophils and lymphocytes) in submucosal region as well as hyperemia. Conclusions: This study indicated the use of methanol with concentration of 30% and 40% in wistar did not cause histopathologic changes, while the use of methanol with 60% concentration caused mucosal line becomes inflamed as well as hyperemia.Keywords: methanol, inflammatory of mucosa gastric, wistar.   Abstrak: Metanol sering disalahgunakan sebagai bahan untuk membuat minuman keras.  Semakin lama mengkonsumsi alkohol maka banyak sel lambung yang akan mengalami kerusakan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk melihat gambaran histopatologi lambung tikus wistar setelah diberikan metanol. Metode:  Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif eksperimental menggunakan 20 ekor tikus wistar dewasa terdiri dari 5 ekor sebagai kontrol dan 15 ekor sebagai tikus perlakuan, dibagi menjadi 3 kelompok dengan dosis tiap-tiap kelompok 30%, 40%, 60%. Dosis methanol 1,2 mL satu kali per hari. Setelah 10 hari tikus wistar diterminasi lalu diotopsi jaringan lambung, difiksasi dalam larutan formalin. Hasil: Menunjukkan gambaran makroskopik dan mikroskopik struktur lambung dengan pemberian metanol 30% dan 40% tampak masih normal. Sedangkan pemberian metanol konsentrasi 60% gambaran makroskopik lambung tampak berwarna kemerahan dengan konsistensi kenyal dan terdapat konsistensi keras. Gambaran mikroskopik tampak lapisan mukosa yang utuh dan terdapat sel-sel radang netrofil dan limfosit pada daerah submukosa serta hiperemi. Simpulan: penelitian ini mendapatkan pemberian metanol konsentrasi 30% dan 40% pada tikus wistar tidak menyebabkan perubahan gambaran histopatologi, sedangkan pemberian metanol konsentrasi 60%  lapisan mukosa mengalami peradangan dan hiperemi. Kata kunci: metanol, peradangan mukosa lambung, wistar.

Papillary Carcinomas of the Gallbladder: Analysis of Noninvasive and Invasive Types

2005 ◽  
Vol 129 (7) ◽  
pp. 905-909 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Albores-Saavedra ◽  
Matthew Tuck ◽  
Bernadette K. McLaren ◽  
Kelley S. Carrick ◽  
Donald Earl Henson
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Open Cholecystectomy ◽  
Relative Survival ◽  
Distant Metastases ◽  
Gallbladder Wall ◽  
Cell Phenotype ◽  
Relative Survival Rate ◽  
Degree Of Differentiation ◽  
Hematoxylin Eosin

Abstract Context.—Although papillary carcinomas have been recognized as distinct morphologic variants of gallbladder neoplasms, they have been lumped together in a single group despite the recognition of noninvasive and invasive types. As a result, the biologic behavior of each type remains undescribed. Objective.—To compare the biologic behavior of noninvasive and invasive papillary carcinomas of the gallbladder. Design.—The clinical and morphologic features of 16 noninvasive papillary carcinomas (>1 cm) of the gallbladder were analyzed, and their clinical behavior was compared with that of 370 invasive papillary carcinomas recorded in the Survey Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) Program of the National Cancer Institute from 1973 through 2001. The biologic behavior of invasive papillary carcinomas was compared with that of invasive nonpapillary carcinomas of the gallbladder recorded in SEER. Hematoxylin-eosin–stained sections were available for review in the 16 noninvasive papillary carcinomas. The number of slides examined per case varied from 3 to 16, with an average of 7. Results.—The 16 patients with noninvasive papillary carcinomas included 11 women and 5 men, aged 34 to 83 years (mean age, 61 years). Thirteen patients had cholelithiasis. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed on 12 patients and open cholecystectomy on 4. The tumors measured from 1.3 to 8.6 cm and were well to moderately differentiated. Fourteen noninvasive papillary carcinomas showed biliary phenotype, and 2 showed intestinal phenotype. Follow-up was obtained in 11 patients; 6 were asymptomatic 5 to 11 years after surgery, 2 were symptom free 9 months to 4 years following cholecystectomy, and 3 died of unrelated causes 2 to 3 years after surgery. Three hundred seventy cases of invasive papillary carcinomas were recorded in SEER. The 10-year relative survival rate for 225 patients with invasive papillary carcinomas confined to the gallbladder wall was 52%, while the 10-year relative survival rate for 83 patients with papillary carcinomas that had spread to the lymph nodes was less than 10%. Of the remaining 62 invasive papillary carcinomas, 58 had distant metastases and 4 were not staged. The 10-year relative survival rate for invasive nonpapillary carcinomas confined to the gallbladder wall was 30%. Conclusion.—Noninvasive papillary carcinomas of the gallbladder—regardless of size, cell phenotype, and degree of differentiation—do not metastasize, and a simple cholecystectomy appears to be a curative procedure. In contrast, invasive papillary carcinomas do metastasize and are associated with a poor prognosis (10-year relative survival rate for tumors confined to the gallbladder wall was 52%, while the 10-year relative survival rate for tumors with lymph node metastasis was <10%). The separation of papillary carcinomas into noninvasive and invasive types is clinically relevant and therefore fully justified.

Ultrastructure of mesotheliomas

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 98-101
Author(s):  
Irving Dardick
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Latent Period ◽  
Spindle Cell ◽  
Spindle Cell Sarcoma ◽  
Metastatic Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Cell Sarcoma ◽  
Cytological Features ◽  
Industrial Use ◽  
Degree Of Differentiation

With the extensive industrial use of asbestos in this century and the long latent period (20-50 years) between exposure and tumor presentation, the incidence of malignant mesothelioma is now increasing. Thus, surgical pathologists are more frequently faced with the dilemma of differentiating mesothelioma from metastatic adenocarcinoma and spindle-cell sarcoma involving serosal surfaces. Electron microscopy is amodality useful in clarifying this problem.In utilizing ultrastructural features in the diagnosis of mesothelioma, it is essential to appreciate that the classification of this tumor reflects a variety of morphologic forms of differing biologic behavior (Table 1). Furthermore, with the variable histology and degree of differentiation in mesotheliomas it might be expected that the ultrastructure of such tumors also reflects a range of cytological features. Such is the case.

Oligodendrocytes in Developing Hameter Cerebral Cortex

1976 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 126-127
Author(s):  
MB. Tank Buschmann
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Frontal Cortex ◽  
Osmium Tetroxide ◽  
Sodium Cacodylate Buffer ◽  
Sodium Cacodylate ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Cacodylate Buffer ◽  
Layer V ◽  
Adult Hamster

Development of oligodendrocytes in rat corpus callosum was described as a sequential change in cytoplasmic density which progressed from light to medium to dark (1). In rat optic nerve, changes in cytoplasmic density were not observed, but significant changes in morphology occurred just prior to and during myelination (2). In our study, the ultrastructural development of oligodendrocytes was studied in newborn, 5-, 10-, 15-, 20-day and adult frontal cortex of the golden hamster (Mesocricetus auratus).Young and adult hamster brains were perfused with paraformaldehyde-glutaraldehyde in sodium cacodylate buffer at pH 7.3 according to the method of Peters (3). Tissue samples of layer V of the frontal cortex were post-fixed in 2% osmium tetroxide, dehydrated in acetone and embedded in Epon-Araldite resin.

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