scholarly journals Assessing effects of Human Activities Kipranye Wetland, Sondu Miriu River Basin, Kericho County, Kenya.

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-38
Author(s):  
Japhet Kipngeno ◽  
Paul Omondi ◽  
Abdirizak A Nonuw
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Environmental Conservation ◽  
Sample Population ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Goods And Services

Governments, researchers, and environmental conservationists agree that wetland resources need to be utilized sustainably to ensure continued presence of wetlands and their ecological goods and services. Ideally, sustainable use of the wetlands should be integrated into the national and local land use plans to ensure sustainable use and management of the resources. However, this is not the case as far as Kenya is concerned. Instead, there is rampant exploitation of the wetlands by individuals, organizations, and even government agencies with no regard for environmental conservation. Therefore, this study was undertaken to investigate the effects of human activities on Kipranye wetland, Sondu Miriu river basin, Kericho County. The specific objective of the study was to assess the effects of the human activities on wetlands. The study was grounded on the Systems Theory and Integrated Water Resource Management Theory. The study adopted a concurrent triangulation research design which entailed a combination of both qualitative and quantitative data. The sample population of the study was 162 respondents in which a sample of 124 respondents were selected accounting for 76.5%. The sample was randomly selected with the inclusion criterion being that the chosen respondents were homogeneously engaged inhuman activities that affected wetland conservation. The results of the study inform on policy and practice in the management and conservation of Kipranye wetlands. The study established that human activities such as farming, logging, construction, drilling, building. and construction and settlements were immense in the study area and they hamper conservation of Kipranye wetland. There was a gap in the integration of the legal framework to manage wetlands in the study area. The following conclusions were derived from the study wetlands in the study area need urgent redemption and reclamation; inclusion of the local communities in the conservation of the Kipranye river wetlands would enable the people to take responsibility and own the solutions to the problem. There is a need for an integrated approach to their planning and sustainable use. The Ministry of Environment, Water and Natural Resources in conjunction with NEMA and the County Government could formulate policies and technical tools needed to counteract the lack of appropriate information and intervention failure that cause wetlands to be used in an unsustainable way

scholarly journals Impacts of Farming Activities on the Conservation of Sondu River Basin in Kericho County, Kenya

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-43
Author(s):  
Japhet Kipngeno ◽  
Paul A Omondi ◽  
Abdirizak A Nunow
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Environmental Conservation ◽  
Wetland Conservation ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Missing Data Imputation ◽  
The Impact

Governments and environmental conservationists agree that wetland resources need to be utilized sustainably to ensure the continued presence of wetlands and their ecological goods and services. Ideally, wetlands should be integrated into the national and local land use plans to ensure sustainable use and management of the resources. However, this is not the case as far as Kenya is concerned. Instead, there is rampant exploitation of wetlands by individuals, organizations and even government agencies with no regard for environmental conservation. Therefore, this study was undertaken to investigate the impact of human activities on wetland conservation with a focus on the Sondu River Basin. The objective of the study was to establish the farming activities on the Conservation of Sondu River Basin Kericho County, Kenya. The study was grounded on the integrated water resource management theory. This study adopted a concurrent triangulation research design, which entailed a combination of both qualitative and quantitative data. The target population for the study was 164 respondents in which a sample of 144 respondents was selected using Slovin's formula. The sample was randomly selected with the inclusion criterion being that the chosen respondents were homogeneously engaged in human activities that affected wetland conservation. Intensive data cleaning exercise was carried out including checking for outliers, missing data imputation and variable transformation. The collected data were analyzed by use of descriptive statistics such as frequencies, percentages and summation and presented in the form of tables and charts. The results of the study will inform policy and practice in the management and conservation of the Sondu River wetland area. The study established that human activities such as farming, logging, construction, drilling, building and construction and settlements have immensely hampered conservation of Sondu wetland. Further, it was noted that it is indeed possible to gain vital information about the human activities responsible for the degradation of wetlands.

scholarly journals Effects of Human Settlements on the Conservation of Sondu River Basin, Kenya

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 27-34
Author(s):  
Japhet Kipngeno ◽  
Paul A Omondi ◽  
Abdirizak A Nunow
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Environmental Conservation ◽  
Wetland Conservation ◽  
Human Settlements ◽  
Missing Data Imputation ◽  
The Impact

Governments and environmental conservationists agree that wetland resources need to be utilized sustainably to ensure the continued presence of wetlands and their ecological goods and services. Ideally, wetlands should be integrated into the national and local land use plans to ensure sustainable use and management of the resources. However, this is not the case as far as Kenya is concerned. Instead, there is rampant exploitation of wetlands by individuals, organizations and even government agencies with no regard to environmental conservation. Therefore, this study was undertaken to investigate the impact of human activities on wetland conservation with a focus on the Sondu River Basin. The objective of the study was to establish the effects of human settlements on the conservation of the Sondu River Basin. The study was grounded on the integrated water resource management theory. This study adopted a concurrent triangulation research design which entailed a combination of both qualitative and quantitative data. The target population for the study was 164 respondents in which a sample of 144 respondents was selected using Slovin’s formula. The sample was randomly selected with the inclusion criterion being that the chosen respondents were homogeneously engaged in human activities that affected wetland conservation. Intensive data cleaning exercise was carried out including checking for outliers, missing data imputation and variable transformation. The collected data were analysed by use of descriptive statistics such as frequencies, percentages and summation and presented in the form of tables and charts. The results of the study will inform policy and practice in the management and conservation of the Sondu River wetland area. The study established that human activities such as farming, logging, construction, drilling, building and construction and settlements have immensely hampered conservation of Sondu wetland. Further, it was noted that it is indeed possible to gain vital information about the human activities responsible for the degradation of wetlands.

scholarly journals Tinau River Conservation and Integrated Water Resource Management

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 24-31
Author(s):  
Som Nath Poudel
Keyword(s):  
Resource Management ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Water Resource ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
River Basin Management ◽  
Basin Management ◽  
Land Use Pattern ◽  
Integrated Water Resource Management ◽  
River Catchment

This paper explores the lives of Tinau River and its inter-dependence with the basin communities and ecosystems in a holistic perspective. It seeks to share the influences of changing natural and anthropogenic processes on the river-catchment and how the resultant changes in river-basin influence the livelihoods and ecosystems. Taking an integrated approach of river-basin management, it aims to enhance basin-literacy by linking the ongoing processes in river-catchment, land use pattern and human activities. Without environmentally-sound and sustainable integrated river basin management, it will not be possible to achieve self-sufficiency in food and energy. Tinau River management and conservation must aim to have a healthy river. Each type of water/resource use in the basin is managed in a fragmented manner by a separate department or agency. For healthy watershed development water resources of the river should be managed in a comprehensive manner. Policies, framework, methodology, legislation and institutions are to be developed and established for Integrated Water Resource Management (IWRM) of the river.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hn.v10i0.7099 Hydro Nepal Vol.10 January 2012 24-31

scholarly journals The regulation of diffuse pollution in the European Union: science, governance and water resource management

2012 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Hendry ◽  
Alison Reeves
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Integrated Water Resources Management ◽  
Diffuse Pollution ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Catchment Scale ◽  
Full Account ◽  
Environmental Objectives

Reducing diffuse pollution is a perpetuating problem for environmental regulators. This paper will consider novel ways to regulate its impacts on the aquatic environment, with particular reference to rural landuse. It will look at the relationship between science, policy and law, and the contributions of integrated water resources management and governance at regional, national and river basin scales. Regulatory frameworks for water in the European Union will be explored, along with their implementation nationally in Scotland and at catchment scale in the Tweed river basin. It will conclude that regulation has a role to play, but that it is necessary to take a visionary holistic and integrated approach, nesting regulation within a governance framework that involves all stakeholders and takes full account of developing science and socio-economic drivers to meet environmental objectives.

scholarly journals Hacia una autogestión sustentable de playas turísticas desde un Enfoque Sistémico

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-58
Author(s):  
O.L. Jiménez Arenas ◽  
R. Tejeida Padilla ◽  
J. Ramos Sáenz Pardo ◽  
V.R. Oliva Aguilar
Keyword(s):  
Social Reproduction ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Soft Systems Methodology ◽  
Environmental Conservation ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Coastal Zones ◽  
Systems Methodology ◽  
Soft Systems ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Leading Role

Coastal zones are important for the development of human activities, their use has transcended by the goods and services that provide for society ranging from support, climate regulation and economic use to recreation. So tourism should be an example of good and service provided by the coasts that involves economic and recreational purposes, but also for environmental conservation and responsible social use. The use of beaches as tourist spaces, derived an important socio-environmental dynamic that has not always been beneficial for the environment. The urban growth and the massification of these spaces has caused pollution and environmental pressure on coastal environments, especially in the beaches that had a traditional growth lacking in planning. The coastal zone for tourist activity represents complex social reproduction scenarios that must be studied from methodologies that allow the involvement of the multiple actors involved to improve the management of these spaces. In this sense, it is considered that the connection between the socio-environmental peculiarities of the coasts should be based on local studies that allow giving a leading role to the community towards a sustainable use of the coasts. For this reason, the case of Puerto Escondido Oaxaca is taken as an example, with the aim of developing a management proposal based on the Soft Systems Methodology for sustainable self-management. This methodology, due to its flexibility, allowed generating a participatory diagnosis to create improvement proposals. The results show a conceptual model of self-management as an approach to the improvement of beach management, using these beaches in Oaxaca as an example. Keywords: Tourist beaches, Self-management, Systemic Approach.

scholarly journals Defining environmental conservation levels considering anthropic activity in the Uberaba River Basin protected area

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Allita Rezende dos Santos ◽  
Renato Carneiro Fernandes da Silva ◽  
Leonardo Campos de Assis ◽  
Frederico Fábio Mauad
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Satellite Image ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Environmental Conservation ◽  
Continuous Data ◽  
Kappa Index ◽  
Forest Land Cover

Environmental conservation of river basins in general is essential for water quality and ecological maintenance, especially in spring areas. Despite being characterized as a Conservation Unit (CU) of Sustainable Use (SU), the Uberaba River Basin highlands are highly influenced by anthropic activities. The aim of this study was to determine different levels of conservation required to maintain environmental quality. The Multicriteria evaluation method was used as follows: i) applied fuzzy membership functions to standardization of the continuous data values or reclassified when categorical criteria; (ii) established criteria ranking through the pairwise relative importance comparison approach by the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method and; (iii) performed Weighted Linear Combination (WLC). The selected criteria were maps of the: land cover obtained by supervised classification of a satellite image, with 94% of Kappa Index of Agreement (KIA); soil types, slope; distances from rivers, roads; railways and urban limits. A main outcome of the criteria evaluated is a map of continuous data values expressing distinct levels of environmental conservation requirements. The highest values that express the need for conservation occurred near the ridgetop, corresponding to forest land cover, high slope and hydromorphic soils. The lowest values were observed in the peri-urban areas, in more stable soil and soil cover with a higher degree of occupation. It is concluded that the resulting map can assist in decision-making regarding proper management of the area, to achieve sustainability in the application of occupation policies.

SEARCH FOR AND SEIZURE OF EVIDENCE IN CYBER ENVIRONMENTS: A LAW-ENFORCEMENT DILEMMA IN SOUTH AFRICAN CRIMINAL PROCEDURE

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-67
Author(s):  
Vinesh M Basdeo ◽  
Moses Montesh ◽  
Bernard Khotso Lekubu
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
South African ◽  
Legal System ◽  
Criminal Procedure ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Physical World ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Time Zone ◽  
Legal Sanctions ◽  
Domestic Affairs

Investigating, deterring and imposing legal sanctions on cyber-criminals warrants an international legal framework for the investigation and prosecution of cybercrime. The real-world limits of local, state and national sovereignty and jurisdiction cannot be ignored by law-enforcement officials. It can be a strenuous task to obtain information from foreign countries, especially on an expedited basis – more specifically when the other country is in a different time zone, has a different legal system, does not have trained experts and uses different languages. In South Africa existing laws appear to be inadequate for policing the cyber realm. The effects and impact of information technology on the legal system have not yet received the attention they warrant. The challenges presented by the electronic realm cannot be solved merely by imposing existing criminal and criminal procedural laws which govern the physical world on cyberspace. The electronic realm does not necessarily demand new laws, but it does require that criminal actions be conceptualised differently and not from a purely traditional perspective. Sovereignty and the principle of non-interference in the domestic affairs of another state are fundamental principles grounding the relations between states; they constitute an important mechanism in the armoury of criminals. The harmonisation and enactment of adequate and appropriate transborder coercive procedural measures consequently play a pivotal role in facilitating effective international cooperation. This article examines the efficacy of South African laws in dealing with the challenges presented by police powers to search for and seize evidence in cyber environments. It analyses the rudimentary powers that exist in South African criminal procedure regarding the search for and seizure of evidence in cyber environments, and compares them against the backdrop of the more systemic and integrated approach proposed by the Cybercrime Convention.

The role of standardization as a key Tool of Quality Economics in the development of integration of the Eurasian Economic Union

2019 ◽  
pp. 14-19
Author(s):  
V. V. Okrepilov ◽  
A. G. Gridasov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Integration ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Regulatory Framework ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Member States ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Eurasian Economic Union ◽  
Economic Union

The presented study examines the experience of forming a regulatory framework for the integration of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) member states through the example of standardization as one of the key tools of quality economics.Aim. The study analyzes the major solutions of the EAEU authorities and member countries aimed at increasing the role of standardization in the economic integration of the Union over five years of its existence.Tasks. The authors identify efficient methods for developing standardization for the integration of the EAEU states as well as the most problematic aspects in this field that need to be taken into account in the qualitative strengthening of the Union’s economy.Methods. This study uses general scientific methods of cognition to examine the activities of the EAEU authorities and member states aimed at creating a system for the economic integration of the Union during a period of its transition from separate national markets towards a single (common) market.Results. Over five years of operation in the field of stadardization, the Eurasian Economic Union has created the necessary organizational and legal framework to ensure the successful development of integration processes. The national legislation on standardization has been modernized with allowance for the harmonization of these laws. In the next five-six years, the development of international standards for 40 technical regulations is expected to be completed, which would create a regulatory framework for unhindered interaction between all participants of the single (common) EAEU market. Conclusions. The analysis of activities in the field of standardization reveals a sufficiently thought-out and coordinated policy of the EAEU states in creating the necessary conditions for overcoming legal and administrative barriers in the movement of goods and services within the common economic space of the EAEU.

THE REFORM STRATEGY OF NATIONAL FINANCE: DEVELOPMENT DIRECTIONS IN BELARUS

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-224
Author(s):  
Elena F. KIREEVA
Keyword(s):  
Fiscal Policy ◽  
Organizational Support ◽  
Financial Management ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Policy Formation ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Financial Flows ◽  
Fiscal System

The article considers the problem of reforming national finances at the present stage of economic development, taking into account the features of the functioning of the national economy and fiscal threats. The purpose of this work is to determine the strategy for reforming the fiscal system and substantiate the main directions of its development. The relevance of the study is due to an integrated approach to the formation of fiscal policy, including both its main components: tax, budget, debt policies, and the need to improve the mechanism to ensure their effectiveness. To implement this mechanism, it is necessary to use both innovative methods of planning and forecasting fiscal flows, and to modernize the legal framework that strengthens the foundations of managerial decisions in the field of finance. Based on the goal, a comparative assessment of the forecast and actual scenarios of the development of fiscal relations in the republic was carried out, the most acute points of fiscal policy formation were analyzed: social payments, tax administration, budget financing, debt obligations, information support for the movement of financial flows. Based on the results of the research conducted in the article, conclusions and suggestions are made regarding all areas of improving fiscal policy as the basis for ensuring an effective national financial management strategy. Priority measures have been identified to reduce the negative impact of risks on the stability of the fiscal system. Instruments of regulatory impacts on negative economic and social trends are determined by the choice of areas of strategic management and the mechanism of their organizational support. Scientific novelty lies in the substantiation of a set of elements of fiscal policy as the basis for developing a strategy for managing national finances that takes into account the increase in the social and economic efficiency of using the financial resources of the state.

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