Anti-inflammatory Potential of Dapsone Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles in Streptozotocin-Induced Experimental Dementia

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1347-1359
Author(s):  
B S Sekhon ◽  
Saluja V ◽  
D Chopra ◽  
N Singh
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer Disease ◽  
Morris Water Maze ◽  
Targeted Delivery ◽  
Water Maze ◽  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Chitosan Nanoparticles ◽  
Memory Deficits ◽  
Disease Type ◽  
Myeloperoxidase Activity ◽  
Histological Studies

The potential of dapsone loaded characterized chitosan nanoparticles (CSNP) as a targeted delivery was investigated in memory deficits associated with dementia of Alzheimer disease type. Streptozotocin (STZ) in two doses       (3 mg/kg on 1st and 3rd day) via intracerebroventricular route was used to induce dementia in swiss albino mice.  The results showed that administration of STZ significantly impaired learning and memory based on Morris water-maze (MWM) test and raised myeloperoxidase (MPO) level along with neutrophils infiltration density (based on brain myeloperoxidase activity along with histological studies). Dapsone (1 mg/kg & 2 mg/kg for 11 days) loaded CSNP significantly attenuated STZ induced memory impairment as well as brain MPO activity along with increased neutrophils infiltration.

scholarly journals Effect of Evodia rutaecarpa (Juss) Benth extract on Alzheimer disease in mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 823-828
Author(s):  
Ang Cai ◽  
Liu Xiao ◽  
Yan-Ping Zhou ◽  
Zhi-Guo Zhang ◽  
Quan-Wei Yang
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Alzheimer Disease ◽  
Water Maze ◽  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Escape Latency ◽  
Memory Deficits ◽  
Morris Water Maze Test ◽  
Maze Test ◽  
Evodia Rutaecarpa ◽  
Mouse Hippocampus

Purpose: To investigate the protective effect of Evodia rutaecarpa (Juss.) Benth. extract (ERBE) against Alzheimer's disease in 3xTg-AD mice. Methods: The cognitive function of 3xTg-AD mice was assessed using Morris water maze test. The levels of amyloid beta deposits and NeuN in the mouse hippocampus were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Brain neurotrophic derived factor (BDNF) and tyrosine kinase B (TrkB) expressions were determined by western blot analysis. Results: ERBE treatment significantly ameliorated learning and memory deficits in AD mice, as shown by increased time spent in the target zone during probe tests. The escape latency in the animals treated with 400 mg/kg ERBE (20.5 ± 1.3 s) was significantly higher than untreated 3xTg-AD mice (12.4 ± 1.3 s, p < 0.01). In addition, ERBE significantly decreased Aβ deposits, increased NeuN-positive cells, and upregulated the expressions of BDNF (1.4 ± 0.2, p < 0.05) and TrkB (1.1 ± 0.2, p < 0.05) in 3xTg AD mice. Conclusion: The results suggest that ERBE administration may be a useful strategy for treating memory impairment induced by several neurodegenerative diseases. Keywords: Evodia rutaecarpa, Alzheimer, Memory impairment, NeuN-positive cells

scholarly journals EFFECT OF ECLIPTA ALBA ON SCOPOLAMINE INDUCED AMNESIA IN MICE

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (5-s) ◽  
pp. 162-168
Author(s):  
Harmel Singh Chahal ◽  
Shailendra Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Morris Water Maze ◽  
Water Maze ◽  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Ache Activity ◽  
Memory Deficits ◽  
Eclipta Alba ◽  
Brain Oxidative Stress ◽  
Brain Ache Activity

The present study deals with the evaluation of potential effects of Eclipta alba (EA) in memory impairment of mice. Memory impairment was induced by scopolamine (3 mg/kg, i.p) in animals. To assess learning and memory in mice Morris water maze test was employed. The acetylcholinestrase enzyme (AChE) activity in brain was measured to evaluate the central cholinergic activity. The levels of thiobarbituric acid-reactive species (TBARS) and reduced glutathione (GSH)in brain were estimated to assess the degree of oxidative stress. Scopolamine treatment produces significant impairment of learning and memory in mice, as reflected by a significant decrease in MWM performance. Scopolamine also produced a significant enhancement of brain AChE activity and brain oxidative stress (increase in TBARS and decrease in GSH) levels. EA (300 and 600 mg/kg,oral) significantly prevented scopolamine-induced learning and memory deficits along with decrease of scopolamine-induced rise in brain AChE activity and brain oxidative stress levels. It may be concluded that Eclipta alba has significant protective action against scopolamine induced memory deficits in mice that can be attributed to its anti AChE and anti oxidant actions. Keywords:  Alzheimer disease, Oxidative stress, Morris water Maze, Scopolamine

scholarly journals Cognitive-Enhancing Effect ofAronia melanocarpaExtract against Memory Impairment Induced by Scopolamine in Mice

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyeon Yong Lee ◽  
Jin Bae Weon ◽  
Youn Sik Jung ◽  
Nam Young Kim ◽  
Myong Ki Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Passive Avoidance ◽  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Morris Water Maze ◽  
Water Maze ◽  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Ache Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Effect ◽  
Enhancing Effect ◽  
Aronia Melanocarpa ◽  
Avoidance Tests

Aronia melanocarpa(A. melanocarpa)berriesare a fruit with a marked antioxidant effect. The objective of this study was to confirm the effect ofA. melanocarpa berriesextract against scopolamine-induced memory impairment in mice using the Morris water maze and passive avoidance test. Moreover, we determined a possible mechanism of the cognitive-enhancing effect involving AChE activity and BDNF and p-CREB expression in the hippocampus of mice.A. melanocarpa berriesextract attenuated the learning and memory impairment induced by scopolamine in the Morris water maze (79.3 ± 0.8 s of 200 mg/kg and 64.4 ± 10.7 s of 400 mg/kg on day 4) and passive avoidance tests (46.0 ± 41.1 s of 200 mg/kg and 25.6 ± 18.7 s of 400 mg/kg).A. melanocarpa berriesextract reduced the acetylcholinesterase level in the hippocampus of scopolamine-injected mice and increased BDNF and p-CREB expression in the hippocampus. The major compound, cyanidin-3-O-galactoside, also reversed memory impairment. These results showed thatA. melanocarpa berriesextract improved memory impairment by inhibiting AChE and increasing BDNF and p-CREB expression, and cyanidin-3-O-galactoside may be responsible for the effect ofA. melanocarpa berriesextract.

Soybean Isoflavones Influences Learning and Memory and Caspase-3 Levels in the Hippocampus of Rats after MWM Test

2013 ◽  
Vol 411-414 ◽  
pp. 3178-3180
Author(s):  
Li Hai Jin ◽  
Xing Yu Zhao ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Wei Chen ◽  
Guo Qing Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Morris Water Maze ◽  
Water Maze ◽  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Morris Water Maze Test ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Soybean Isoflavones ◽  
Maze Test ◽  
Intermediate Dose

We assessed the effectiveness and mechanism of action of Soybean Isoflavones on learning and memory and Caspase-3 levels in the hippocampus of rats after Morris water maze (MWM test). Soybean Isoflavones (200,400 or 800 mg/kg/d) were administered by intragavage once daily for 14 consecutive days. The Morris water maze test was used to evaluate the ability of Soybean Isoflavones to increase learning and memory impairment. The levels of Caspase-3 in hippocampus of rats were detected by Westernblot after MWM test. Compared to untreated controls (P<0.01), MWM could be prolonged after Soybean Isoflavones treatment (P<0.05 for="" low="" and="" intermediate="" dose="" groups="" westernblot="" analysis="" showed="" that="" the="" protein="" expression="" of="" caspase-3="" was="" decreased="" in="" different="" concentration="" soybean="" isoflavones="" i="">P<0.05 and="" i="">P<0.01, respectively). The results suggest that Soybean Isoflavones is effective in improving the learning and memory in rats , the mechanism of which may be related Caspase ways.

scholarly journals Steamed and Fermented Ethanolic Extract fromCodonopsis lanceolataAttenuates Amyloid-β-Induced Memory Impairment in Mice

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Bae Weon ◽  
Min Rye Eom ◽  
Youn Sik Jung ◽  
Eun-Hye Hong ◽  
Hyun-Jeong Ko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Passive Avoidance ◽  
Morris Water Maze ◽  
Water Maze ◽  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Ache Activity ◽  
Amyloid Β ◽  
Bdnf Expression ◽  
Creb Phosphorylation ◽  
Avoidance Tests ◽  
Tof Ms

Codonopsis lanceolata(C. lanceolata) is a traditional medicinal plant used for the treatment of certain inflammatory diseases such as asthma, tonsillitis, and pharyngitis. We evaluated whether steamed and fermentedC. lanceolata(SFC) extract improves amyloid-β- (Aβ-) induced learning and memory impairment in mice. The Morris water maze and passive avoidance tests were used to evaluate the effect of SFC extract. Moreover, we investigated acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), cyclic AMP response element-binding protein (CREB), and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling in the hippocampus of mice to determine a possible mechanism for the cognitive-enhancing effect. Saponin compounds in SFC were identified by Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography-Quadrupole-Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS). SFC extract ameliorated amyloid-β-induced memory impairment in the Morris water maze and passive avoidance tests. SFC extract inhibited AChE activity and also significantly increased the level of CREB phosphorylation, BDNF expression, and ERK activation in hippocampal tissue of amyloid-β-treated mice. Lancemasides A, B, C, D, E, and G and foetidissimoside A compounds present in SFC were determined by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS. These results indicate that SFC extract improves Aβ-induced memory deficits and that AChE inhibition and CREB/BDNF/ERK expression is important for the effect of the SFC extract. In addition, lancemaside A specifically may be responsible for efficacious effect of SFC.

scholarly journals PHARMACOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF TRIPHALA CHURNA INSTREPTOZOTOCIN (I. C. V.) INDUCED DEMENTIA IN RATS

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
Purabi Deka ◽  
Arun Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Morris Water Maze ◽  
Water Maze ◽  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Standard Group ◽  
Glutathione Level

Objective: The objective of the study was to investigate the memory improving activity of Triphala Churna hydro-methanolic fruit extract on learning and memory functions in Streptozotocin (I. C. V) induced dementia in rats by using morris water maze and elevated plus maze.Methods: A total of 42 albino wistar rats weighing 80-100 g were randomized into 7 equal groups as follows: Normal control group received normal saline (1 ml/kg p. o.) for 24 d, STZ treated group (3 mg/kg, i. c. v) were administered in two dosage regimen i.e. on first day and third day.), Standard group: Streptozotocin (3 mg/kg i. c. v)+Vitamin E (100 mg/kg/day p. o.) were administered for 21 d, Standard group: Streptozotocin (3 mg/kg i. c. v)+Rivastigmine (2 mg/kg/day p. o.) were administered for 21 d. The learning and memory-impaired rats were treated with Triphala Churna Formulation 1, Triphala Churna Formulation 2 and Triphala Churna Formulation 3 for 21 d (100 mg/kg p. o.). AchE activity, lipid peroxidation, superoxide dismutase, glutathione level of brain homogenate was estimated in Control/STZ (I. C. V)/Standard/Triphala Churna fruits extract treated rats.Results: Administration of Triphala Churna fruits extract significantly restored learning and memory impairment induced by STZ (I. C. V) in the elevated plus maze and morris water maze. Furthermore, in the TPLC F2 and TPLC F3 treated group brain AchE level was decreased (P≤0.01) as well as brain lipid peroxidation was also decreased (P≤0.001). Brain antioxidant enzymes such as glutathione level were increased (P≤0.001) in the TPLC1 and TPLC2 treated group when compared to the STZ treated group, TPLC F2 and TPLC F3 treated group showed significant (P≤0.001, P≤0.01) increase in superoxide dismutase level. Conclusion: Triphala Churna fruits extract has an improving effect on learning and memory impairment rats produced by Streptozotocin (I. C. V) and may have a useful effect in the treatment of dementia and Alzheimer's disease.

Effect of Donepezil in Alzheimer Disease Can Be Measured by a Computerized Human Analog of the Morris Water Maze

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 192-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Hort ◽  
R. Andel ◽  
I. Mokrisova ◽  
I. Gazova ◽  
J. Amlerova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer Disease ◽  
Morris Water Maze ◽  
Water Maze

Beneficial effects of resveratrol on scopolamine but not mecamylamine induced memory impairment in the passive avoidance and Morris water maze tests in rats

2011 ◽  
Vol 99 (3) ◽  
pp. 316-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nejat Gacar ◽  
Oguz Mutlu ◽  
Tijen Utkan ◽  
Ipek Komsuoglu Celikyurt ◽  
Semil Selcen Gocmez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Passive Avoidance ◽  
Morris Water Maze ◽  
Water Maze ◽  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Beneficial Effects

The Memory-Ameliorating Effects of Artemisia princeps var. orientalis Against Cholinergic Dysfunction in Mice

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (05) ◽  
pp. 993-1005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaotong Liu ◽  
Dong Hyun Kim ◽  
Jong Min Kim ◽  
Se Jin Park ◽  
Mudan Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Passive Avoidance ◽  
Morris Water Maze ◽  
Water Maze ◽  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Acetylcholinesterase Inhibition ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Cholinergic Dysfunction ◽  
Y Maze ◽  
Morris Water Maze Task ◽  
Artemisia Princeps

Artemisia princeps var. orientalis (Compositae) is widely distributed in China, Japan and Korea and is known to have anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative activities. The ethyl acetate fraction of ethanolic extract of A. princeps var. orientalis (AEA) was found to inhibit acetylcholinesterase activity in a dose-dependent manner in vitro (IC50 value: 541.4 ± 67.5 μg/ml). Therefore, we investigated the effects of AEA on scopolamine-induced learning and memory impairment using the passive avoidance, the Y-maze, and the Morris water maze tasks in mice. AEA (100 or 200 mg/kg, p.o.) significantly ameliorated scopolamine-induced cognitive impairments in the passive avoidance and Y-maze tasks (p < 0.05). In the Morris water maze task, AEA (200 mg/kg, p.o.) significantly shortened escape latencies in training trials and increased both swimming time spent in the target zone and probe crossing numbers during the probe trial as compared with scopolamine-treated mice (p < 0.05). Additionally, the ameliorating effect of AEA on scopolamine-induced memory impairment was antagonized by a subeffective dose of MK-801. These results suggest that AEA could be an effective treatment against cholinergic dysfunction and its effect is mediated by the enhancement of the cholinergic neurotransmitter system via NMDA receptor signaling or acetylcholinesterase inhibition.

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