The impact of roman law on legal culture in Poland

Public Law ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 114-129
Author(s):  
Marzena Dyjakowska
Keyword(s):  
Legal Culture ◽  
Roman Law ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals ON SOCIAL VALUE: INFLUENCE OF THE ROMAN RIGHT ON RUSSIAN CONSTITUTIONALISM

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-14
Author(s):  
Sergey Nikolaevich Baburin
Keyword(s):  
Electoral System ◽  
Legal Culture ◽  
Social Value ◽  
Roman Law ◽  
Moral Foundations ◽  
Dialectical Logic ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
State Management ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact

Introduction. The article raises the problem of the influence of Roman law on Russian constitutionalism and the formation of social values based on this influence of the modern legal culture of Russia. Purpose. The author aims to assess the impact of Roman law on Russian constitutionalism and its social value. Methodology. Methods of analysis and synthesis, dialectical logic, comparative-historical and formal-legal are used. Results. The thesis is argued that the ideas and approaches of Roman law retain social value, but their application is fruitful only in harmony with the spiritual and moral foundations of the corresponding legal culture. The absolute belief in the law as a phenomenon of social planning and a tool for compromise between different parts of society, inherited from Roman law, formed the Romano-German and Anglo-Saxon worldview, but does not take root in Russian legal culture. Modern Russian constitutionalism, following the tradition of Roman law, is based on norms-principles, norms-goals and norms-symbols that perform the social function of the highest legal indicator and play an important predictive role. But misconceptions about the universalism of Roman law lead to civilizational breakdowns of peoples. In Russian constitutionalism, breaks occurred during the constitutional reforms of 1906, 1936, and 1993, which created social deformations and created legal and political preconditions for the destruction of the nation. Thus, the Constitution of the USSR 1936, first by copying the current European bourgeois electoral system, abandoned the system of multi-level congresses of Soviets, more respondents Roman and Russian traditions Council and people's Assembly. Among the important results of the study is the conclusion that the social value of Roman law in Russian constitutionalism covers the moral mission of Roman law and a high assessment of the normative value of the heritage of Roman law. Conclusion. The author concludes that Roman law has a social value for States with a traditionally communal identity as a source of effective legal structures and a model for studying; that Russian constitutionalism, which three times, in 1906, 1936 and 1993, departed from its cultural and historical traditions of organizing state management of society, again tries to build modern political and legal institutions on the basis of Roman legal dogma, while Russian legal culture excludes law from the field of sacred law. The social value of Roman law in the modern era lies in the fact that without a well-thought-out and coordinated support by the entire world community on its public-legal and private-law traditions and institutions, the evolutionary transition of mankind to the sustainable development of society is impossible.

scholarly journals HENRYKA KUPISZEWSKIEGO WIZJA PRAWA RZYMSKIEGO

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 113
Author(s):  
Witold Wołodkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Legal Culture ◽  
Roman Law ◽  
Extended Version ◽  
Main Research ◽  
International Conference ◽  
Twentieth Anniversary ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact

Henryk Kupiszewski’s Vision of Roman LawSummaryThis article is an extended version of the author’s paper delivered atthe International Conference held at the University of Warsaw to commemorate the twentieth anniversary of the death of Professor HenrykKupiszewski. The author presents the biography and academic developments in the life of Kupiszewski, a student of Wacław Osuchowski, Rafał Taubenschlag, and Max Kaser. He then goes on to discussKupiszewski’s main research interests. Starting with papyrology forthe legal sciences, Kupiszewski moved on to research on the internalhistory of classical Roman law and finally to the study of the impact ofRoman law on contemporary law and legal culture. The author also recalls Kupiszewski’s work in international co-operation in scholarshipand for the Polish diplomatic service as ambassador to the Vatican.

scholarly journals O ROLI PRAWA RZYMSKIEGO W DAWNEJ RZECZYPOSPOLITEJ W ŚWIETLE „KURSU PRAWA CYWILNEGO POLSKIEGO” ALEKSANDRA MICKIEWICZA Z 1829 ROKU

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sławomir Godek
Keyword(s):  
Canon Law ◽  
German Law ◽  
Legal Culture ◽  
Roman Law ◽  
General Idea ◽  
Medieval Chronicles ◽  
Royal Courts ◽  
Polish Law ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
The Impact

Roman Law in Poland-Lithuania in the Light of Aleksander Mickiewicz’s 1829 Lecture on Polish Civil LawSummary The Polish Academy of Sciences library collection at Kórnik holds a manuscript with a lecture on Polish civil law and its history delivered by Aleksander Mickiewicz in 1829 at Krzemieniec School. This lecture provides us with a general idea of Mickiewicz’s views on the impact of Roman law on the development of Polish legal culture. Mickiewicz was rather critical of the views of Tadeusz Czacki, who had argued that Polish law was derived from Scandinavian law. Mickiewicz believed that Polish law under the early kings and princes of the Piast dynasty was a native creation, though subject to limited influence from Roman and German law. He held that Roman law originally came to Poland through canon law, but its influence was superficial. It was manifest in proceedings in the royal courts and in the borrowing of certain terms, which were sometimes used to designate purely indigenous legal institutions. This was also true of the usage of Roman terminology in Polish medieval chronicles. Mickiewicz saw the Roman elements in the 14th-century Statutes of Casimir the Great as an erudite display by their authors or as later additions to the original collection. Mickiewicz also devoted much attention to Lithuanian law. In particular, he showed that the Lithuanian Statutes were subject to the influence of many foreign systems of law including a number of elements borrowed from Roman law (wills, disinheritance, the penalty for parricide). Mickiewicz was convinced that Roman law appeared in the Grand Duchy at the same time as German law, and in connection with Lithuanian peregrinations for study abroad.

Academic Feud, Bloodfeud, and William Welwood: Legal Education in St Andrews, 1560–1611-Part I

1998 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
John W Cairns
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Legal History ◽  
Legal Education ◽  
Civil Law ◽  
Legal Culture ◽  
Roman Law ◽  
Joint Meeting ◽  
Academic Education

This article, in earlier versions presented as a paper to the Edinburgh Roman Law Group on 10 December 1993 and to the joint meeting of the London Roman Law Group and London Legal History Seminar on 7 February 1997, addresses the puzzle of the end of law teaching in the Scottish universities at the start of the seventeenth century at the very time when there was strong pressure for the advocates of the Scots bar to have an academic education in Civil Law. It demonstrates that the answer is to be found in the life of William Welwood, the last Professor of Law in St Andrews, while making some general points about bloodfeud in Scotland, the legal culture of the sixteenth century, and the implications of this for Scottish legal history. It is in two parts, the second of which will appear in the next issue of the Edinburgh Law Review.

LEGAL SKETCH «THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE LEGAL EXCUSES AND PROVERBS OF ANCIENT ROME AS A MEANS OF LEGAL PROPAGANDA ABOUT LEGAL KNOWLEDGE AND CULTURE»

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Kukharev ◽  
Alexander Rusu
Keyword(s):  
Digital Age ◽  
Legal Culture ◽  
Roman Law ◽  
Ancient Rome ◽  
Legal Knowledge ◽  
The Law ◽  
Law Making

This article discusses adaptation of the norms and ideals of Roman law to modern legal culture, the basis of Roman legal relations, which is the basis of modern law-making. It is important to learn how the culture of the law of ancient Rome influenced the formation of modern law of the digital age. The purpose of writing the paper was to highlight the influence of the legal culture of ancient Rome on modern reality.

Transformation of legal language – Early Byzantine legal discourse

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaakko Husa
Keyword(s):  
Legal Discourse ◽  
Legal Culture ◽  
Linguistic Analysis ◽  
Cultural Transformation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Sixth Century ◽  
Roman Law ◽  
Legal Language ◽  
Linguistic Change ◽  
Early Byzantine

AbstractThis article examines the complicated legal-cultural process in which Roman law became Byzantine law and Roman legal discourse altered into Byzantine legal discourse. Roman law’s transformation into Early Byzantine law is analysed from the point of view of legal language which mutated from Latin to Greek. The approach is legal cultural and legal linguistic and focuses on the overall shape and general patterns. The goal is to highlight how legal-cultural transformation was incremental, language-bound and that there was no radical or sudden culmination point. Moreover, the analysis answers generally to the question of why sixth-century Byzantine legislative Greek contained frequent Latin loans, expressions, phrases and distortions. The discussion concentrates on the Novellae as an integral part of the process of legal cultural and linguistic change from Roman to Byzantine. Instead of going into detailed linguistic analysis, this article underlines generally the contextuality of law and the importance of legal culture

Framing the feudal bond: a chapter in the history of the ius commune in Medieval Europe

2012 ◽  
Vol 80 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 481-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuele Conte
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Legal Reasoning ◽  
Legal Culture ◽  
Roman Law ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Abstract Concepts ◽  
Ius Commune ◽  
Medieval Europe ◽  
History Of ◽  
Definition Of

In this article I wish to show how history of legal doctrines can assist in a better understanding of the legal reasoning over a long historical period. First I will describe the nineteenth century discussion on the definition of law as a ‘science’, and some influences of the medieval idea of science on the modern definition. Then, I’ll try to delve deeper into a particular doctrinal problem of the Middle Ages: how to fit the feudal relationship between lord and vassal into the categories of Roman law. The scholastic interpretation of these categories is very original, to the point of framing a purely personal relationship among property rights. The effort made by medieval legal culture to frame the reality into the abstract concepts of law can be seen as the birth of legal dogmatics.

scholarly journals Influence of migration processes in Europe on law and legal culture of information society

2020 ◽  
Vol 210 ◽  
pp. 17023
Author(s):  
Elena Pevtsova ◽  
Natali Pevtsova ◽  
Marina Lavitskaya ◽  
Vladimir Redkous ◽  
Evgeniia Matveeva
Keyword(s):  
Information Society ◽  
Legal Theory ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Legal Culture ◽  
Religious Right ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Comparative Linguistics ◽  
Digital Era ◽  
The Impact

The relevance of research: The relevance of the problem under study is evidenced, first, by an active scientific discourse among lawyers on the impact of migration flows on modern law, and, second, by the necessity to elaborate the integral concept of legal culture in the information society. The research objective is to analyze the legal effects of migration on legal culture of European countries and to distinguish new features of legal culture that have appeared in the digital era. Research methods: The main approaches to investigation into the problem were the analysis, modeling and comparative linguistics, as well as the content analysis of the key scientific theories on legislation. To study the topic, the authors applied comparative and structural-logical approaches that allow considering the law in terms of the influence of virtual environment, where the set of new component parts is observed. Results of the research: the paper traces the process of formation of new characteristics of component parts of legal culture in the society in the age of digital economy. The authors conclude that despite a number of contradictions observed in the process of law development in European countries, new features have appeared in law and legal culture of modern Europe in the context of digital economy. According to the authors, these features are the following: the increased influence of religious views on emotional-and-figurative and logical-and-statutory aspects of legal awareness; development of antagonistic relations between native Europeans and people belonging to different religious denominations; strong discontent of those natives who want to preserve their identity, which surely affects their legal behavior. The number of administrative offences and crimes has significantly increased. All these factors negatively affect the state of legal culture of the society. The paper analyzes the key problems related to implementation of the principle of the religious right provided to refugees, and some common violations of religious and legal regulations. Practical importance: The proceedings provided in this paper may be relevant when fulfilling scientific and educational tasks on legal theory and constitutional law.

scholarly journals OSIĄGNIĘCIA POLSKICH ROMANISTÓW W CIĄGU OSTATNICH DWÓCH LAT (2006/2007 – 2007/2008)

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Maria Zabłocka
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Law ◽  
Family Law ◽  
Legal Culture ◽  
Administrative Law ◽  
Public Law ◽  
Roman Law ◽  
History Of ◽  
Legal Structures ◽  
History Of Law ◽  
The One

Polish Romanistic Research in the Last Two Years (2006/2007 – 2007/2008)SummaryThe article presents publications of Polish romanists published in the last two academic years. They include editions of the sources, their translations accompanied by commentaries, as well studies on Roman private law covering the law of persons, family law, law of property, succession, obligations and procedure. An important part of the recent studies is devoted to public law: above all criminal law and broadly understood administrative law. Several authors addressed the problem of the influence of Roman law on the legal culture of Europe. Research was done as well on the history of law faculties and the romanists who lectured there. All these studies indicate a slight change in the scientific interest of the Polish romanists. We welcome the fact that more interest was paid to various problems of public law, in this way the romanistic research may be able to show the roots of the later and modern jurisprudence. One could postulate further studies not on the classical period of Roman law but also on its later developments. Scholars should never limit themselves to study of subjects reflecting contemporary legal science, as we never know if the one day the ‘dated’ institutions should not revive in a slightly changed form: such is the case of the modern construction of transfer of ownership as a security for debt functionally reflecting the Roman fiducia cum creditore contracta. In this manner the analysis of the ancient legal structures may provide for better understanding of the presently binding norms.

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