Geomatics Techniques for Submerged Heritage: a Mobile App for Tourism

The tourism sector is one of the major industries in Italy that has a high impact on local communities in terms of employment and economy. To show the results of a research project highlighting the use of new technology in the tourism sector, the Geomatics Laboratory of the Mediterranea University of Reggio Calabria has developed a mobile application for tourism. The case study is "Calarcheo Park", a nonaccessible underwater archaeological park located in Reggio Calabria, near the remains of the old walls of the ancient city of Reggio Calabria (Reghion, dating back to about the VIII B.C.). The main aim of this paper is to describe the process to relive and re-propose the experience of a real immersion through a journey in virtual reality. Particular attention was given to the research part concerning the simplification processes of the models inserted within an app for tourism sector. The concept app includes scenarios (seabed) and objects (Castle and artefact) obtained from three-dimensional models realized through photogrammetric techniques, therefore "heavy" models in terms of space necessary to store them, recall them and possibly process them. Considering the visualization purpose, and the metric precision needed, the 3d models were reconstructed using a rapid method. To minimize the difficulties during the direct underwater survey carried out by a human operator (e.g. limited time available during the survey, accentuated inaccuracy due to human errors), the operations were carried out using an experimental ROV (Remote Operated Vehicles), widely used to explore underwater environments, equipped with cameras to perform photogrammetric acquisition in a single dive. To enhance the results and quality of the 3d model, a procedure to improve the image quality, and optimizing the processing is also described. This work therefore illustrates the possibilities of using 3D models created by geomatics techniques within virtual environments for apps for tourism purposes

ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences ◽

3D LOW-COST ACQUISITION FOR THE KNOWLEDGE OF CULTURAL HERITAGE: THE CASE STUDY OF THE BUST OF SAN NICOLA DA TOLENTINO

10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w17-93-2019 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol XLII-2/W17 ◽

pp. 93-100

Author(s):

A. Cardaci ◽

A. Versaci ◽

P. Azzola

Keyword(s):

3D Reconstruction ◽

Cultural Heritage ◽

Low Cost ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

3D Models ◽

Photographic Images ◽

Reconstruction Software ◽

Cultural Sphere ◽

Abstract. The creation of three-dimensional models for the cataloguing and documentation of cultural heritage is today an emerging need in the cultural sphere and, above all, for museums. The cultural heritage is still catalogued and documented based on descriptive files assorted of photographic images which, however, fail to outline its spatial richness, possible only through the use of 3D artefacts. The essay aims to propose a methodology of digitalization by low-cost and easy-to-use systems, to be employed even by non-expert survey and photogrammetry’s operators. The case study of the statue of San Nicola da Tolentino, preserved at the Sant’Agostino complex in Bergamo, offered the possibility of a comparison between 3D models acquired with different digitalization tools (professional/action/amateur cameras and smartphone) and processed by several image-based 3D Reconstruction software and methods.

Amphitheater of Volterra: Case Study for the Representation of Excavation Data

Studies in Digital Heritage ◽

10.14434/sdh.v1i2.23242 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 269-281

Author(s):

Carlo Battini ◽

Elena Sorge

Keyword(s):

Structure From Motion ◽

Mobile Application ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Laser Scanner ◽

3D Models ◽

Post Processing ◽

The Subject ◽

Digital Projection

The work presented wants to show how different techniques of expeditious relief can be combined together in order to better describe the subject studied. Techniques of digital projection as laser scanner, topography and Structure from Motion can be used simultaneously and interact with each other to create a rich database of colorimetric and metrics information. Methodologies that, at the same time, present the peculiarities and errors of peculiar relief of the technology employed.The case study examined in this type of research is the discovery of the amphitheater of Volterra. Discovered in July 2015 during the phases of reclamation of a stream, is located close to Porta Diana and a few hundred meters from the Roman Theater discovered in the last century. An excavation campaign undertaken Between October and November 2015 has allowed us to bring to light the crests of the supporting walls of the structure, revealing the presence of the three orders and a depth of about ten meters.The step of post processing has finally seen the use of three-dimensional models acquired both for the creation of images metrics necessary to the study of the stratigraphic units, both for studying a mobile application, 3D models and data of the excavation, easy to use for transmitting the information collected.

Evaluation of the stereochemical quality of predicted RNA 3D models in the RNA-Puzzles submissions

RNA ◽

10.1261/rna.078685.121 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. rna.078685.121

Author(s):

Francisco Carrascoza ◽

Maciej Antczak ◽

Zhichao Miao ◽

Eric Westhof ◽

Marta Szachniuk

Keyword(s):

3D Structure ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Data Bank ◽

3D Models ◽

Its Sequence ◽

In Silico Prediction ◽

General Shape ◽

Stereochemical Quality ◽

In silico prediction is a well-established approach to derive a general shape of an RNA molecule based on its sequence or secondary structure. This paper reports an analysis of the stereochemical quality of the RNA three-dimensional models predicted using dedicated computer programs. The stereochemistry of 1,052 RNA 3D structures, including 1,030 models predicted by fully automated and human-guided approaches within 22 RNA-Puzzles challenges and reference structures, is analysed. The evaluation is based on standards of RNA stereochemistry that the Protein Data Bank requires from deposited experimental structures. Deviations from standard bond lengths and angles, planarity or chirality are quantified. A reduction in the number of such deviations should help in the improvement of RNA 3D structure modelling approaches.

Evaluation of the stereochemical quality of predicted RNA 3D models in the RNA-Puzzles submissions

10.1101/2021.08.22.457258 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Francisco Carrascoza ◽

Maciej Antczak ◽

Zhichao Miao ◽

Eric Westhof ◽

Marta Szachniuk

Keyword(s):

Structure Prediction ◽

3D Structure ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Data Bank ◽

3D Models ◽

In Silico Prediction ◽

General Shape ◽

Stereochemical Quality ◽

In silico prediction is a well-established approach to derive a general shape of an RNA molecule based on its sequence or secondary structure. This paper reports on the stereochemical quality of the RNA three-dimensional models predicted using dedicated computer programs. The stereochemistry of 1,052 RNA 3D structures, including 1,030 models predicted by fully automated and human-guided approaches within 22 RNA-Puzzles challenges and reference structures, is analysed. The evaluation is based on standards of stereochemistry, established for RNA, that the Protein Data Bank requires from deposited experimental structures. Deviations from standard bond lengths and angles, planarity or chirality are quantified. A reduction in the number of such deviations should help in the improvement of RNA 3D structure prediction accuracy.

DEVELOPMENT OF AN INTEGRATED BIM-GIS MANAGEMENT TOOL FOR MAINTENANCE PLAN OF HISTORICAL HERITAGE

10.4995/arqueologica9.2021.12131 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ilaria Bonfanti ◽

Elisabetta Colucci ◽

Valeria De Ruvo ◽

Matteo Del Giudice ◽

Sara Fasana ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Three Dimensional ◽

3D Models ◽

Management Tool ◽

Levels Of Detail ◽

Europe 2020 ◽

Europe 2020 Strategy ◽

Historical Heritage ◽

Maintenance Plan

The Main10ance project aims to implement a plan of maintenance and conservation of the historical cultural heritage. This is an INTERREG project. The V-A Cooperation Programme Italy-Switzerland 2014-2020 contributes to the objectives of the Europe 2020 Strategy and the New Swiss Regional Policy (NRP)addressing the needs common to both sides of the border and aiming to generate significant change in the area of cooperation, both in terms of increasing competitiveness and strengthening economic and social cohesion. The case study is the system of the Sacri Monti of northern Italy and Switzerland, groups of chapels and other architectural artifacts. The design phases are divided into: survey of the historical architectural heritage present; data processing and realization of three-dimensional models with the help of BIM software; integration of the same in the geographical context through GIS support; creation of a database which creates interoperability between the various domains and which collects information on the characteristics of the goods for maintenance and conservation purposes; possibility to make the information associated with 3D models accessible through demonstrators that allow interrogation of the DB and the models themselves. The geometric representation respects the subdivision of the levels of detail (LOD) for GIS with the standard CityGML and the levels of development (LOD) for BIM with the UNI 11337/4.

Unfolding the Genome: The Case Study of P. falciparum

The International Journal of Biostatistics ◽

10.1515/ijb-2017-0061 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Nelle Varoquaux

Keyword(s):

Genome Organization ◽

High Throughput Sequencing ◽

3D Structure ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

3D Models ◽

Contact Maps ◽

A Genome ◽

Downstream Analysis

Abstract The development of new ways to probe samples for the three-dimensional (3D) structure of DNA paves the way for in depth and systematic analyses of the genome architecture. 3C-like methods coupled with high-throughput sequencing can now assess physical interactions between pairs of loci in a genome-wide fashion, thus enabling the creation of genome-by-genome contact maps. The spreading of such protocols creates many new opportunities for methodological development: how can we infer 3D models from these contact maps? Can such models help us gain insights into biological processes? Several recent studies applied such protocols to P. falciparum (the deadliest of the five human malaria parasites), assessing its genome organization at different moments of its life cycle. With its small genomic size, fairly simple (yet changing) genomic organization during its lifecyle and strong correlation between chromatin folding and gene expression, this parasite is the ideal case study for applying and developing methods to infer 3D models and use them for downstream analysis. Here, I review a set of methods used to build and analyse three-dimensional models from contact maps data with a special highlight on P. falciparum’s genome organization.

Comparative Analysis of Digital Models of Objects of Cultural Heritage Obtained by the “3D SLS” and “SfM” Methods

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11125321 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (12) ◽

pp. 5321

Author(s):

Marcin Barszcz ◽

Jerzy Montusiewicz ◽

Magdalena Paśnikowska-Łukaszuk ◽

Anna Sałamacha

Keyword(s):

Cultural Heritage ◽

Low Cost ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

3D Models ◽

Silk Road ◽

Digital Models ◽

Global Pandemic ◽

University Of Technology ◽

3D Digitisation

In the era of the global pandemic caused by the COVID-19 virus, 3D digitisation of selected museum artefacts is becoming more and more frequent practice, but the vast majority is performed by specialised teams. The paper presents the results of comparative studies of 3D digital models of the same museum artefacts from the Silk Road area generated by two completely different technologies: Structure from Motion (SfM)—a method belonging to the so-called low-cost technologies—and by Structured-light 3D Scanning (3D SLS). Moreover, procedural differences in data acquisition and their processing to generate three-dimensional models are presented. Models built using a point cloud were created from data collected in the Afrasiyab museum in Samarkand (Uzbekistan) during “The 1st Scientific Expedition of the Lublin University of Technology to Central Asia” in 2017. Photos for creating 3D models in SfM technology were taken during a virtual expedition carried out under the “3D Digital Silk Road” program in 2021. The obtained results show that the quality of the 3D models generated with SfM differs from the models from the technology (3D SLS), but they may be placed in the galleries of the vitrual museum. The obtained models from SfM do not have information about their size, which means that they are not fully suitable for archiving purposes of cultural heritage, unlike the models from SLS.

Improving 3D-3D facial registration methods: potential role of three-dimensional models in personal identification of the living

International Journal of Legal Medicine ◽

10.1007/s00414-021-02655-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Daniele Gibelli ◽

Andrea Palamenghi ◽

Pasquale Poppa ◽

Chiarella Sforza ◽

Cristina Cattaneo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Three Dimensional ◽

3D Models ◽

Personal Identification ◽

Surveillance Systems ◽

3D Registration ◽

Point To Point ◽

Point Distance ◽

Male Subjects

AbstractPersonal identification of the living from video surveillance systems usually involves 2D images. However, the potentiality of three-dimensional facial models in gaining personal identification through 3D-3D comparison still needs to be verified. This study aims at testing the reliability of a protocol for 3D-3D registration of facial models, potentially useful for personal identification. Fifty male subjects aged between 18 and 45 years were randomly chosen from a database of 3D facial models acquired through stereophotogrammetry. For each subject, two acquisitions were available; the 3D models of faces were then registered onto other models belonging to the same and different individuals according to the least point-to-point distance on the entire facial surface, for a total of 50 matches and 50 mismatches. RMS value (root mean square) of point-to-point distance between the two models was then calculated through the VAM® software. Intra- and inter-observer errors were assessed through calculation of relative technical error of measurement (rTEM). Possible statistically significant differences between matches and mismatches were assessed through Mann–Whitney test (p < 0.05). Both for intra- and inter-observer repeatability rTEM was between 2.2 and 5.2%. Average RMS point-to-point distance was 0.50 ± 0.28 mm in matches, 2.62 ± 0.56 mm in mismatches (p < 0.01). An RMS threshold of 1.50 mm could distinguish matches and mismatches in 100% of cases. This study provides an improvement to existing 3D-3D superimposition methods and confirms the great advantages which may derive to personal identification of the living from 3D facial analysis.

Integrating Digital Datasets into Public Engagement through ArcGIS StoryMaps

Advances in Archaeological Practice ◽

10.1017/aap.2020.14 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 351-360

Author(s):

Matthew D. Howland ◽

Brady Liss ◽

Thomas E. Levy ◽

Mohammad Najjar

Keyword(s):

Iron Age ◽

Public Engagement ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

First Century ◽

Copper Production ◽

The Public ◽

The Past ◽

Archaeological Methods ◽

AbstractArchaeologists have a responsibility to use their research to engage people and provide opportunities for the public to interact with cultural heritage and interpret it on their own terms. This can be done through hypermedia and deep mapping as approaches to public archaeology. In twenty-first-century archaeology, scholars can rely on vastly improved technologies to aid them in these efforts toward public engagement, including digital photography, geographic information systems, and three-dimensional models. These technologies, even when collected for analysis or documentation, can be valuable tools for educating and involving the public with archaeological methods and how these methods help archaeologists learn about the past. Ultimately, academic storytelling can benefit from making archaeological results and methods accessible and engaging for stakeholders and the general public. ArcGIS StoryMaps is an effective tool for integrating digital datasets into an accessible framework that is suitable for interactive public engagement. This article describes the benefits of using ArcGIS StoryMaps for hypermedia and deep mapping–based public engagement using the story of copper production in Iron Age Faynan, Jordan, as a case study.

ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences ◽

URBAN MODELLING WITH TYPOLOGICAL APPROACH. CASE STUDY: MERIDA, YUCATAN, MEXICO

10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w5-617-2017 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol XLII-2/W5 ◽

pp. 617-620

Author(s):

A. Rodriguez

Keyword(s):

3D Modeling ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Historical Reconstruction ◽

Colonial Era ◽

Common Features ◽

Modeling Approach ◽

Urban Modelling ◽

Typological Approach ◽

In three-dimensional models of urban historical reconstruction, missed contextual architecture faces difficulties because it does not have much written references in contrast to the most important monuments. This is the case of Merida, Yucatan, Mexico during the Colonial Era (1542-1810), which has lost much of its heritage. An alternative to offer a hypothetical view of these elements is a typological - parametric definition that allows a 3D modeling approach to the most common features of this heritage evidence.