Adapted Method of Radiation Response Function Calculation for Development of High-Sensitivity Reference Meters Based on Scintillation Detection Units with NaI(Tl) Crystals for Dosimetry of Low-Intensity and Near-Background Levels

ANRI ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (4) ◽  
pp. 41-51
Author(s):  
Raman Lukashevich
Keyword(s):  
Response Function ◽  
Metrological Support ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Photon Radiation ◽  
Radiation Response ◽  
Measuring Instruments ◽  
Equivalent Dose Rate ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Background Levels ◽  
Scintillation Detection

Metrological support of photon radiation fields of low-intensity and near-background levels (0.04–100 μSv/h (μGy/h)) by ambient equivalent dose rate or kerma rate in air using scintillation detectors with NaI(Tl) crystals looks promising and in demand in dosimetry, but nontrivial due to the complex dependence of efficiency registration of gamma quanta from energy. The solution of such problems with the use of these detectors can be based on the use of the radiation response functions, which are functionals of the energy distribution of the radiation field fluence. The paper proposes a method for calculating the radiation response function adapted for solving metrological support problems for creating high-precision dosimetric measuring instruments based on scintillation detection units with NaI(Tl) crystals.

Biological effects of low-intensity radiofrequency fields and risk assessment for biota

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (9) ◽  
pp. 592-596
Author(s):  
Elena I. Sarapultseva ◽  
Darya V. Uskalova ◽  
Ksenya V. Ustenko
Keyword(s):  
Radio Frequency ◽  
Electromagnetic Radiation ◽  
Electromagnetic Fields ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Different Levels

Despite the fact that there are still conflicting opinions about the damage caused by modern wireless communication technologies, most scientists report on the negative biological effects of low-intensity radio frequency electromagnetic radiation at different levels of the organization of live nature. There is no doubt that there is a need not only for a sanitary and hygienic assessment of man-made electromagnetic effects on humans, but also for an environmental assessment for biota. The purpose of the study was to assess the potential environmental risk of electromagnetic impact in the centimeter range on natural ecosystems. The initial data were the authors' own results in the field of radiobiology of non-ionizing radiation, as well as published of other researchers. The article analyzes the biological effects of radio frequency electromagnetic fields detected in organisms of different systematic groups and levels of organization. The data on the non-thermal biological effects of electromagnetic fields indicate a high sensitivity of different species to this factor. The analyzed research results emphasize the need to take into account the features of non-thermal effects of electromagnetic radiation on biota, since these radiations can have a negative impact on different hierarchical levels in natural ecosystems.

SYSTEM OF STANDARDIZATION AND METROLOGICAL SUPPORT OF SPEED DEFECTIVE MEANS OF RAILS IN THEIR PRODUCTION AND OPERATION

2021 ◽  
pp. 14-29
Author(s):  
V. F. Tarabrin
Keyword(s):  
Metrological Support ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Dynamic Testing ◽  
Flaw Detection ◽  
Measuring Instruments ◽  
High Speed Rail ◽  
Technical Control ◽  
Instrument Control ◽  
Factory Testing ◽  
Production And Operation

The importance of standardization and metrological support for high-speed rail flaw detection is noted. JSC “Firm TVEMA” has created a service for quality, factory testing and metrological support. The data on the development and development of the production of JSC “Firma TVEMA” of a complex of removable and mobile technical means of NDT with maximum automation of instrument control and processing of control data, creation of a quality service, factory testing and metrological support are given. It is shown that the service includes structural subdivisions: the department of metrology and quality, a metrological laboratory, a testing laboratory, a technical control bureau that provide scientific and methodological support for the development of measuring instruments, testing, verification and calibration of flaw detection instruments during their production and operation. JSC “Firma TVEMA” organized the production and delivery of models of rail defects to railways with primary certification by the metrological laboratory for dynamic testing of mobile NDT vehicles. A test section was put into operation at the Experimental Ring of JSC VNIIZhT with certified defect models, which made it possible to accumulate research material for the further development of high-speed flaw detectors.

scholarly journals Altered ventricular mechanics after 60 min of high-intensity endurance exercise: insights from exercise speckle-tracking echocardiography

2015 ◽  
Vol 308 (8) ◽  
pp. H875-H883 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glenn M. Stewart ◽  
Akira Yamada ◽  
Luke J. Haseler ◽  
Justin J. Kavanagh ◽  
Gus Koerbin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mean Arterial Pressure ◽  
Cardiac Troponin ◽  
Troponin T ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Cardiac Troponin T ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Exercise Challenge ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Low Intensity Exercise

Transient reductions in myocardial strain coupled with cardiac-specific biomarker release have been reported after prolonged exercise (>180 min). However, it is unknown if 1) shorter-duration exercise (60 min) can perturb cardiac function or 2) if exercise-induced reductions in strain are masked by hemodynamic changes that are associated with passive recovery from exercise. Left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular global longitudinal strain (GLS), LV torsion, and high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T were measured in 15 competitive cyclists (age: 28 ± 3 yr, peak O2 uptake: 4.8 ± 0.6 l/min) before and after a 60-min high-intensity cycling race intervention (CRIT60). At both time points (pre- and post-CRIT60), strain and torsion were assessed at rest and during a standardized low-intensity exercise challenge (power output: 96 ± 8 W) in a semirecumbent position using echocardiography. During rest, hemodynamic conditions were different from pre- to post-CRIT60 (mean arterial pressure: 96 ± 1 vs. 86 ± 2 mmHg, P < 0.001), and there were no changes in strain or torsion. In contrast, during the standardized low-intensity exercise challenge, hemodynamic conditions were unchanged from pre- to post-CRIT60 (mean arterial pressure: 98 ± 1 vs. 97 ± 1 mmHg, not significant), but strain decreased (left ventricular GLS: −20.3 ± 0.5% vs. −18.5 ± 0.4%, P < 0.01; right ventricular GLS: −26.4 ± 1.6% vs. −22.4 ± 1.5%, P < 0.05), whereas LV torsion remained unchanged. Serum high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T increased by 345% after the CRIT60 (6.0 ± 0.6 vs. 20.7 ± 6.9 ng/l, P < 0.05). This study demonstrates that exercise-induced functional and biochemical cardiac perturbations are not confined to ultraendurance sporting events and transpire during exercise that is typical of day-to-day training undertaken by endurance athletes. The clinical significance of cumulative exposure to endurance exercise warrants further study.

scholarly journals Assessment of soil and ground chemical and radiation pollution on the gold-silver deposit “Klyon” territory (Chukotka Autonomous Region, Russia)

2018 ◽  
Vol 193 ◽  
pp. 02016
Author(s):  
Alexey Vinogradov ◽  
Fedor Bryukhan ◽  
Alexey Kuchmin
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Background Level ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Silver Deposit ◽  
Equivalent Dose Rate ◽  
Arctic Soils ◽  
Natural Gamma ◽  
Gold Silver

Study of Arctic soils and grounds ecological state is relevant on the one hand due to their industrial development, on the other hand due to the need to preserve natural landscapes considering their high sensitivity to technogenic impacts. This study is aimed at assessing soil and ground chemical and radiation pollution on the territory of the gold-silver deposit “Klyon” located in Chukotka permafrost zone. The level of metal content in soil and ground samples was found to differ from the world soil clarke insignificantly. Field measurements of gamma radiation flux on the deposit sites under development have shown external equivalent dose rate of the gamma radiation to be at the natural gamma background level. Laboratory tests of soil and ground samples have shown their radioactivity level to meet radiation safety standards for construction materials. Studying changes of soil and ground chemical and radiation pollution over time as part of local environmental monitoring is noted to be expedient.

Low-Flux Neutron Radiation Detection Technology with High Sensitivity

2014 ◽  
Vol 668-669 ◽  
pp. 924-927
Author(s):  
Yang Liu ◽  
Zhen Ni Xing ◽  
Guo Zheng Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Deposition ◽  
Plastic Scintillator ◽  
Detection Efficiency ◽  
Radiation Detection ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Neutron Radiation ◽  
Fission Neutron ◽  
Deposition Flux ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Detection Technology

Boron-containing plastic scintillator detectors have a high detection efficiency for low-intensity thermal neutrons and fast neutrons which is currently the preferred types of neutron detector. This article is based on Monte Carlo method, studied boron-containing plastic scintillator for neutron detection performance, and analysis the energy deposition flux characteristics and detection efficiency when low intensity fission neutron incident to the boron plastic scintillator. We obtain the low-flux neutron detector performance in a variety of neutron source energy, boron-containing plastic scintillator diameter and length. Results showed that, when the boron-containing plastic scintillator lengths increase, the energy deposition flux will increase. When the length and diameter is constant, increasing source strength can increase the energy deposition flux brought by the recoil proton to a certain extent. When the source intensity over after thermal neutrons, due to the decrease of the cross section, the energy deposition fluxes brought by the react of neutrons and will decrease. The results provide help for low intensity fission neutron radiation detection technology with high sensitivity.

Radiative Neutron Capture Study of 203TI

1974 ◽  
Vol 52 (13) ◽  
pp. 1215-1227 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. H. Colenbrander ◽  
T. J. Kennett
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Component ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Absolute Intensity ◽  
Sensitivity Study ◽  
Spectral Shape ◽  
Neutron Separation Energy ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Radiative Neutron ◽  
True Representation ◽  
Radiative Neutron Capture

The results of a high sensitivity study of the 203Tl(n,γ)204Tl reaction are reported. Attention was focussed upon the detection of low intensity components and the establishment of the absolute intensity for the observed transitions. A technique for deconvolving the spectrum was employed which allows one to transform each spectral component into a simple Gaussian response and to thereby obtain a true representation of the gross spectral shape. The marked deviation of the spectrum from that expected using a simple statistical model is clearly revealed. The neutron separation energy was found to be 6655.8 ± 0.3 keV for 204Tl and 6503.4 ± 0.4 keV for 206Tl.

scholarly journals Distinct vascular genomic response of proton and gamma radiation

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricciotti Emanuela ◽  
Dimitra Sarantopoulou ◽  
Gregory R. Grant ◽  
Jenine K. Sanzari ◽  
Gabriel S. Krigsfeld ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Photon Radiation ◽  
Radiation Response ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Proton Radiation ◽  
Vascular Effects ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Genomic Response

AbstractPurpose. The cardiovascular biology of proton radiotherapy is not well understood. We aimed to compare the genomic dose-response to proton and gamma radiation of the mouse aorta to assess whether their vascular effects may diverge.Materials and methods.We performed comparative RNA sequencing of the aorta following (4 hrs) total-body proton and gamma irradiation (0.5 - 200 cGy whole body dose, 10 dose levels) of conscious mice. A trend analysis identified genes that showed a dose response.Results.While fewer genes were dose-responsive to proton than gamma radiation (29 vs. 194 genes;q-value ≤ 0.1), the magnitude of the effect was greater. Highly responsive genes were enriched for radiation response pathways (DNA damage, apoptosis, cellular stress and inflammation;p-value ≤ 0.01). Gamma, but not proton radiation induced additionally genes in vasculature specific pathways. Genes responsive to both radiation types showed almost perfectly superimposable dose-response relationships.Conclusions.Despite the activation of canonical radiation response pathways by both radiation types, we detected marked differences in the genomic response of the murine aorta. Models of cardiovascular risk based on photon radiation may not accurately predict the risk associated with proton radiation.

scholarly journals Metrological support of maintenance by the technical state of communication means

2021 ◽  
pp. 17-23
Author(s):  
Yevhen Ryzhov ◽  
Lev Sakovych ◽  
Yurii Myroshnychenko ◽  
Volodymyr Hrabchak ◽  
Yuriy Nastishin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metrological Support ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Technical State ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Measuring Instruments ◽  
Metrological Reliability ◽  
Correct Evaluation ◽  
Optimal Sequence ◽  
Minimal Time

Modern and prospective communication means are among the most knowledge-driven, high-tech types of industrial products, which are subject to enhanced requirements for quality and efficiency of application. The effective functioning of modern communication means is provided by built-in software, including metrological support. In this paper, we consider the specifics of metrological maintenance of large-scale communication facilities (tens and hundreds of thousands of elements) consisting of separate subunits, the serviceability, maintenance, and recovery of which can be performed autonomously. It is proposed to enhance the efficiency of the by-state-maintenance (also called maintenance by the technical state) by accounting for the specifics of metrological support, establishing an optimal sequence of operations, selecting the measuring instruments in accordance with relevant requirements. To do this, one has to use a combined indicator composed of individual parameters of the tests and the probability of their preferred choice. This allows to assess the technical condition of the communication means with a given probability during a minimal time. In addition, one can estimate the time of maintenance, taking into account the metrological reliability and the probability of correct evaluation of the result of checking the parameters by the measuring instruments. The order of implementation of the obtained results is formalized in the form of an algorithm and an example of their realization is presented.

THE ROLE OF METROLOGY IN ENHANCEMENT PRODUCT QUALITY

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.A Serebryanaya ◽  
◽  
M.V Knyazhichenko
Keyword(s):  
Product Quality ◽  
Metrological Support ◽  
Test Equipment ◽  
Measuring Instruments ◽  
Testing Unit ◽  
Enhancement Product

This article discusses the role assigned to metrological support in the designed enterprise. Practical results on the development and equipping of the testing unit of the enterprise with measuring instruments and test equipment are presented. Justified the need for verification

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