scholarly journals CLAY MOLDS FOR MAKING GLASS VESSELS (after data from the excavations of the medieval production complex on Kyiv Podil District)

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 119-124
Author(s):  
M. S. Sergeyeva ◽  
O. Yu. Zhurukhina
Keyword(s):  
Ceramic Material ◽  
Glass Mass ◽  
Glass Making ◽  
12Th Century ◽  
Inner Surface ◽  
Production Complex ◽  
Made In

A unique find of four clay molds for making glass vessels was found during archaeological researches of the site on the Naberezhno-Khreshchatitska str., 21 (Kyiv Podil) in 2007. The excavations both on the street itself and on the bordering areas revealed the existence here of a large handicraft quarter with economic and production objects dated to the 11th and 12th centuries. Location of the studied site near the waterway (Dnieper River) was convenient for placing here fire-hazardous productions, such as glass-making workshops. On the site, remains of the construction of the furnace in the form of large pieces of vitrified clay and fragments of plinth form bricks were fixed. Numerous pieces of glass were found, as well as fragments of glassware, mainly those of bracelets and vessels. Among another finds there were such glass ornaments as beads and rings, and one inset for the ring. Among the ceramic material from the investigated complex, there were four clay molds for forming glass vessels. The molds were of bowl-like form and had a ribbed inner surface, made by hand. It is worthy to note that among the products there were two fragments of glass bottoms with ribbed outer surfaces, which could be made in such molds. Vessels with ribbed walls appear on the territory of Ancient Rus’ from the second half of the 12th century. Chemical analyzes of glass mass taken from the complex showed that samples could be identified as lead-potassium Ancient Rus’ glass. Glassware, certain materials (molds for glass vessels, crucibles, pieces of lead), allow to connect the excavated complex with glass-making production.

A Romanesque crucifix from Macewen's Castle, Loch Fyne, Mid Argyll

1989 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-84
Author(s):  
J. G. Scott
Keyword(s):  
Copper Alloy ◽  
12Th Century ◽  
Made In

Summary This copper alloy crucifix was found during excavation at Macewen's Castle in Argyll in 1968 and closely resembles others known to date from the 12th century; it may have been made in Belgium. The arms could have been bent back to aid concealment in the 17th or 18th centuries.

scholarly journals Sodium Movements in the Human Red Blood Cell

1970 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 322-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Sachs
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Rate Constant ◽  
Transport Mechanism ◽  
Extracellular Potassium ◽  
Sodium Influx ◽  
Influx Rate ◽  
High K ◽  
Inner Surface ◽  
Pump Mechanism ◽  
Made In

Measurements were made of the sodium outflux rate constant, okNa, and sodium influx rate constant, ikNa, at varying concentrations of extracellular (Nao) and intracellular (Nac) sodium. okNa increases with increasing [Nao] in the presence of extracellular potassium (Ko) and in solutions containing ouabain. In K-free solutions which do not contain ouabain, okNa falls as [Nao] rises from 0 to 6 mM; above 6 mM, okNa increases with increasing [Nao]. Part of the Na outflux which occurs in solutions free of Na and K disappears when the cells are starved or when the measurements are made in solutions containing ouabain. As [Nao] increases from 0 to 6 mM, ikNa decreases, suggesting that sites involved in the sodium influx are becoming saturated. As [Nac] increases, okNa at first increases and then decreases; this relation between okNa and [Nac] is found when the measurements are made in high Na, high K solutions; high Na, K-free solutions; and in (Na + K)-free solutions. The relation may be the consequence of the requirement that more than one Na ion must react with the transport mechanism at the inner surface of the membrane before transport occurs. Further evidence has been obtained that the ouabain-inhibited Na outflux and Na influx in K-free solutions represent an exchange of Nac for Nao via the Na-K pump mechanism.

Staircase turret of the St. George’s cathedral in the Yuriev Monastery: archaeology, architecture and fresco painting

2021 ◽  
pp. 132-143
Author(s):  
Vladimir V. Sedov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Wall Paintings ◽  
12Th Century ◽  
Made In ◽  
Spiral Staircase

The article focuses on the architecture of the staircase turret of the St. George’s Cathedral in the Yuriev (St. George’s) Monastery near Novgorod and fresco wall paintings in the drum and dome at the top of the turret as well as those marked on the walls of the spiral staircase itself. This painting made in the first half of the 12th century can be interpreted in different ways: at present, experts have been associating it with the monastic use. Moreover, the room in the drum of the dome is regarded as a solitary space for monastic prayer. The analysis of the architecture of the staircase turret leads to conclusion that most of its features are related to the princely order and with the main purpose of the tower: a way to rise to the choir loft intended for the prince and his entourage. In this regard, the understanding of the nature of the painting at the top of the turret may change. The article also touches on the chronology of the construction and painting of the St. George’s Cathedral: the painting of the turret was suddenly stopped, which may be due to several events. The most probable one is the beginning of the construction of the princely St. John’s Church in Petryatin Court in 1127, where masters from the St. George’s Cathedral could be transferred to.

IMPROVING THE EFFICIENCY OF THE VORTEX DUST COLLECTORS

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 39-42
Author(s):  
Svetlana M. PURING ◽  
Denis N. VATUZOV
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Venturi Tube ◽  
Dust Particles ◽  
Dust Collector ◽  
Effi Ciency ◽  
Inner Surface ◽  
Separation Chamber ◽  
Secondary Air ◽  
Reducing Energy ◽  
Made In

It is proposed to use a modernized “wet” vortex dust collector for cleaning ventilation emissions from non-adhering dust. The design of the vortex dust collector contributes to its effi ciency by installing irrigation nozzles in the primary and secondary air connections made in the form of a Venturi tube, which allows reducing energy consumption during the cleaning of dusty air. Due to the multidirectional movement of dust particles and splashed water, active coagulation of dust particles and water particles occurs, as well as a liquid fi lm is formed on the inner surface of the separation chamber, which prevents the dust particles from rebounding from the separation chamber and facilitates their collection and washing into a collecting bin.

scholarly journals Eros and Psyche on the Medallions of Silver Bowls from Sadovy Kurgan: New Data

2019 ◽  
pp. 75-85
Author(s):  
Boris Raev
Keyword(s):  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
Inner Surface ◽  
Eros And Psyche ◽  
The Right ◽  
Made In

The set of eight silver bowls excavated in Sadovy kurgan at the urban outskirts of Novocherkassk in 1962 includes a pair of bowls with medallions depicting scenes with Eros and Psyche. The detailed analysis of the element of the feathery pattern that covers the entire inner surface of the bowls reveals that it was applied by different craftsmen, though the bowls themselves were no doubt made in the same workshop. The central figures of the scenes on both medallions are tied to the columns decorated with garlands, on which one can see vessels. Both vessels have a spherical shape; each has a low stand and conical cover, and are the type of turibulum. One of the vessels bears a figure detail soldered to the right upper part of the vessel’s body. The second figure, soldered to the left side, is visible less clearly (fig. 2,2). The described figures look like protomes of griffins on a turibulum. A similar vessel was found in Khokhlach kurgan, and belongs to the objects produced in the 2nd – 1st centuries BC. We conclude that the identified similarity on manufacturing medallions on the bowls from Sadovy kurgan and the turibulum from Khokhlach kurgan most likely relates the finds to the workshops of the same region, probably the Eastern Mediterranean.

scholarly journals Multianalytical Study for Establishing the Historical Contexts of the Church of the Holy Archangels from Cicau, Alba County, Romania, for its Promotion as a World Heritage Good I. Assessing the preservation-restoration works from the 18th century

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (7) ◽  
pp. 2538-2544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ion Sandu ◽  
Cosmin Tudor Iurcovschi ◽  
Ioan Gabriel Sandu ◽  
Viorica Vasilache ◽  
Ioan Cristinel Negru ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
X Ray ◽  
15Th Century ◽  
12Th Century ◽  
Electron Microscopes ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopes ◽  
The Church ◽  
Made In

The present paper is the first instalment of a series focused on establishing some archaeometric characteristics of the modern finishings (mortars, fresco and layers of whitewash) of the Church of the Holy Archangels from Cic�u, Alba County, Romania, in order to assess the shape, with the structural-functional integrity and architectural and artistic aspect of the monument for the last historical context, between 1710 and 1790. This period is the most extensive and less known of the church�s stages of transformation: 11th�12th century (unknown), 15th century (known) and 18th century (partially known), which was very tumultuous from the socio-economic and political point of view. Thus, in the following pages we present the resulting archaeometric characteristics of optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopes in combination with energy-dispersive X-Ray spectrometry (SEM-EDX) and thermal derivatography (TG/DTA/DTG) analyses of two pigments from the exonarthex fresco (made in 1781) and the later eight layers of whitewash applied over it, which allowed assessing the periods with marked changes in the architecture and polychrome finishings.

Excavations at Glasgow Cathedral: A Preliminary Report on the Archaeological Discoveries made in 1992-93

1991 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen T. Driscoll
Keyword(s):  
Electrical System ◽  
13Th Century ◽  
The West ◽  
Existing Building ◽  
Human Bones ◽  
12Th Century ◽  
The Reformation ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Made In

Summary Extensive archaeological excavations were conducted in advance of the installation of a new healing and electrical system for the Cathedral. Trenches were located where new ducts were to be installed below the floor in the Nave, the Choir, the Crypt and the Session Room. These trenches produced evidence for both of the documented 12th century cathedrals which preceded the existing building. The early cathedrals were represented by in situ masonry and decorated fragments of masonry which had been re-used in the thirteenth century works. Traces of activity pre-dating the 13th century were discovered in the west end of the Nave and structural evidence for the internal divisions of the post-Reformation use of the Nave was also recovered. Burials and stray human bones were found in the trenches dug in the Crypt and the Nave. In total 77 burials were excavated, most of which can be reasonably well dated. In the Nave, evidence for burial pre-dating the 12th century cathedral was recovered and it could be seen thai burials were made at sporadic intervals until the 19th century. Apart from the architectural fragments and coffin fittings, finds were scarce. The most significant artefactual discovery consisted of two massive medieval bronze mortars and an iron pestle which had been deposited in a pit in the Crypt, probably during the Reformation.

Islamic necropolis at Kom el-Dikka in Alexandria: research in the 2010–2013 seasons

2016 ◽  
Vol XXIV (1) ◽  
pp. 62-72
Author(s):  
Emanuela Kulicka
Keyword(s):  
Northwestern Part ◽  
Burial Ground ◽  
12Th Century ◽  
Present Text ◽  
Made In

Exploration of the Islamic burial ground at the Kom el-Dikka site in Alexandria continued from the 2010 through the 2013 seasons, uncovering more graves in different sectors: in area U (northwestern part of the site) tombs from the Upper (11th and 12th century) and Middle (9th/10th century) phases of the cemetery and in area CW from the Upper and Lower (8th/9th century) phases. The present text is a basic report of the finds and observations made in the course of the season.

scholarly journals Kult Trzygława w Szczecinie lat 20. XII stulecia. Między monolatrią a „dwuwiarą”

2019 ◽  
pp. 95-106
Author(s):  
Stanisław Rosik
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Christian Community ◽  
Religious System ◽  
12Th Century ◽  
Christian Culture ◽  
Cultural Dialogue ◽  
The City ◽  
Made In

The cult of Triglav in the Polabian-Pomeranian territory in the 12th century confirms an evolution of the religious system of the local Slavic communities towards monolatry, largely affected by confrontation as well as a cultural dialogue with the Christian culture. At first, at the time of the Pomeranian missions of Saint Otto of Bamberg in the 1120s, attempts at suppressing the cult did not bring about long-term effects. However, a wave of the so-called pagan reaction led to some sort of a compromise made in Szczecin, leading to official coexistence of the cult of Triglav and the newly introduced cult of Jesus Christ. From the point of view of mythology, the competences of the two divine figures turn out to be convergent and universal, yet still, as part of the Szczecin “religious dualism”, no attempt was made to identify them (following the rule of interpretatio Slavica of the elements of Christianity). The belief in the autonomy of Triglav and Christ (“A German God”) was confirmed in Szczecin in the course of Otto’s evangelization which resulted in a Christian community in the city. The phenomenon of syncretism, present there until Otto’s second mission (1128), was therefore an attempt at maintaining unity in a religiously divided society following the first mission of the Apostle of Pomeranians (1124-1125).

scholarly journals Ensuring uniform thickness of the conductive coating on the inner surface of the hemispherical resonator by magnetron sputtering

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 523-532
Author(s):  
Vladimir Kondratenko ◽  
Gaik Sagatelyan ◽  
Andrey Shishlov ◽  
Mikhail Bilinkin
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Magnetron Sputtering ◽  
Thickness Distribution ◽  
Metal Coating ◽  
Uniform Thickness ◽  
Final Configuration ◽  
Inner Surface ◽  
Hemispherical Resonator ◽  
Fixed Screen ◽  
Made In

The possibilities of technological ensuring of the uniformity of thickness distribution of a thin-film metal coating produced by magnetron sputtering on the inner surface of a thinwalled silica resonator made in the shape of a hemisphere are considered. The possibility of minimizing the thickness of the coating by optimizing the diameter of the annular magnetron emission zone in combination with the distance from the resonator to the target made of sprayed material is shown. A further increase in the evenness of thickness of the coating is possible on the basis of the use of a fixed screen with a hole, the shape and location of which are calculated analytically, and the final configuration of the contour is specified empirically

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