NATO's Global Challenges and Russia's Cyberspatialities

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-50
Author(s):  
Tamar Kupreishvili

Information became more important than material or energy resources in the XXI century. Resources are generally defined as community-owned economic potential elements that can achieve specific goals in economic activity. For modern society, material, financial, labor, natural resources became commonplace. Estonia was the first state in Europe to carry out a massive cyber-attack in April and May 2007. That was why the states decided to get the first convention to defend their cyberspace as they defended their land, air, and sea spaces. In the XXI century in cyberspace, there are some main actors: The United States of America, Russia, Iran, China, North Korea, Israel. Russia is one of the most vital states in cybersecurity, which is constantly developing its abilities. The country has constant interests and goals for which he actively uses information space parallel with political and military opportunities.

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (58) ◽  
pp. 544
Author(s):  
Manoel De Queiroz Pereira CALÇAS ◽  
Ruth Maria Junqueira De Andrade Pereira e SILVA ◽  
Thiago Munaro GARCIA

RESUMO Objetivo: O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a propositura da identificação de critérios objetivos de fixação da remuneração judicial; traçar uma evolução histórica do conceito de empresa, relacionando a distinção entre o papel do antigo síndico e a figura do administrador judicial; pesquisar os parâmetros da legislação brasileira, acompanhado da posterior referência ao direito estrangeiro e analisar casos brasileiros e a inconstância dos valores fixados a título de remuneração. Metodologia: A metodologia eleita seguiu uma abordagem indutiva por meio de um procedimento histórico, monográfico e comparativo, por meio do qual buscou-se analisar a legislação adotada pela Colômbia, Itália, França e Estados Unidos da América para refletir-se sobre a necessidade de adotar parâmetros mais específicos no que concerne à justa e adequada fixação da remuneração do administrador judicial na recuperação judicial. Resultados: Considerando o levantamento dos dados em torno da problemática sugerida neste artigo, a fixação da remuneração do administrador deve seguir critérios objetivos de modo a viabilizar a função social da empresa e o soerguimento desta, sem que ocorra o enriquecimento sem causa do auxiliar da Justiça. Contribuições: A principal contribuição deste estudo reside no apontamento de soluções que reflitam diretamente na manutenção dos empregos dos trabalhadores, protegendo-se os interesses dos credores, de modo a preservar a empresa e sua função social, além de promover o estímulo à atividade econômica. Palavras-chave: Recuperação judicial; falência; administrador; remuneração; razoabilidade. ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the proposal for the identification of an objective criteria for setting judicial compensation; to trace a historical evolution of the company concept, relating the distinction between the role of the former liquidator and the figure of the judicial administrator; to research the parameters of Brazilian law accompanied by the subsequent reference to foreign law; and to analyze Brazilian cases and the inconsistency of the values set as compensation. Methodology:The chosen methodology followed an inductive approach by way of a historical, monographic and comparative procedure searching to analyze the legislation adopted by Colombia, Italy, France and the United States of America to reflect on the need to adopt parameters more specific regarding the fair and adequate setting of the compensation of the judicial administrator in the judicial recovery. Results: Considering the data survey on the issues suggested in this paper, the setting of the administrator's compensation must follow objective criteria in order to make the company's social function and uplift without the unjust enrichment of the Justice assistant. Contributions: The main contribution of this study lies in pointing out solutions that directly reflect the maintenance of workers' jobs and protect the interests of creditors in order to preserve the company and its social function, in addition to promoting the stimulus to economic activity. Keywords: Judicial reorganization; bankruptcy; administrator; compensation; reasonability.


2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (17) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
Benjamin Klasche

In this article the alleged demise of the United States of America (USA) and the ability of its challengers will be discussed and analyzed. Based on George Modelski’s concept of Long-Cycles in Global Politics we can anticipate a disruption in the hegemonic position – currently held by the USA. Considering, the possibility of this scenario, the author executed a pragmatic comparative study and sketches out the chances for the two main competitors – China and India – which struggle mightily with domestic issues and on the other side presents four arguments, why the decline of the USA is not as apparent and looming as partly presumed. The arguments are: (i) the independence supply of natural resources; (ii) its supremacy over the world seas; (iii) reinstated activity in the Rimland and (iiii) control over the Global Commons.


Author(s):  
J.B. Babalola ◽  
Adesoji A. Oni ◽  
Ademola Atanda

The global economic meltdown is a serious worldwide malfunctioning economic activity that started in the United States of America in December, 2000 but became obvious in 2007 and full-blown between 2008 and 2009. The meltdown is characterized by drastic streamlining, rightsizing and downsizing of human and financial resources in both public and private sectors of the American economy. This paper sets out to identify the challenges the global economic meltdown poses to teacher education in Nigeria and also seeks means of handling such challenges. To have a broad understanding of the challenges the global economic meltdown have posed to teacher education, the next section of this paper highlights the meltdown as part of the global radical changes in environmental, economic, political, technological and social spheres since the beginning of this millennium. The paper concluded with recommendation of how teacher education can be made relevant for sustainable development.


Author(s):  
Belkacem Iratni

The relations of the United States of America (USA) with the Maghreb States are ancient, though intermittent and not very substantial. Globally, the Maghreb does not constitute a vital region for US strategic concerns. It is included broadly in what the American policy makers depict as the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) configuration and thus does not represent a specific or a peculiar zone for American involvement or responsibility.However, the Maghreb presents a relative importance in the US designs whether in terms of strategic concerns or economic assets, particularly with the worldwide emergence of terrorism. This care remains only provisory.Strategic alignments (Morocco and Tunisia) and energy resources (Algeria and Libya) have relatively attracted US attention to the Maghreb, but security matters, linked to the widespread of terrorism, have strengthened the relations between the two parties, without, however, upgrading their partnership to the level of vitally crucial dynamics, interdependent needs, and promising prospects.


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