Association of Personal Protective Equipments with Respiratory Morbidity among Puffed Rice Workers of Davanagere City

Background: Occupational respiratory disease can be defined as an acute or chronic disorder that arises from the inhalation of air-borne agents in the work place. Puffed rice is a famous food item in Karnataka, which is produced in a cluster of small units. Industrial dust inhalation over a long period of time leads to proliferative and fibrotic changes in the lungs.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among puffed rice workers in Bashanagar, urban field practice area of SSIMS and RC, Davanagere. From January 2017 to December 2017. The study population included 550 puffed rice unit workers. Data was collected using structured interview along with anthropometric measurements. Spirometry was done by using RMS (Helio’s) Spirometer.Results: In this study significant association was found between respiratory morbidity and duration of work. The risk of obstructive lung disease was 0.18 (0.03-1.40) times less among workers who worked for <5 years compared to workers who worked for more than 20 years. The risk of restrictive lung disease was 0.35 (CI 0.16-0.77) times lower among workers who worked for <5 years compared to the workers who worked for > 20 years and the association was statistically significant with p value of 0.010.Conclusions: The risk of respiratory morbidity was significantly associated with increase in the duration of work.

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Comparison of Respiratory Morbidity in Late Preterm and Term Infants at a Single Institution

Soonchunhyang Medical Science ◽

10.15746/sms.12.017 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 85-90

Author(s):

Won Hee Choi ◽

Eun-Kyeong Yeon ◽

Young-Lim Shin ◽

Won Suk Suh ◽

Jang Yong Jin

Keyword(s):

Late Preterm ◽

Respiratory Morbidity ◽

Single Institution ◽

Term Infants

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Continuous Versus Intermittent Bolus Feeding in Very Preterm Infants - Effect on Respiratory Morbidity

Case Medical Research ◽

10.31525/ct1-nct03961139 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Keyword(s):

Preterm Infants ◽

Respiratory Morbidity ◽

Very Preterm Infants ◽

Very Preterm ◽

Intermittent Bolus

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OCCURRENCE OF THE RISKS FOR DEVELOPMENT OF RESPIRATORY DISEASES IN CHILDREN EXPOSED TO THE CHEMICAL FACTORS OF THE EXPOSURE OF ALUMINA REFINERY- ASSOCIATED BUSINESS ACTIVITY

ЗДОРОВЬЕ НАСЕЛЕНИЯ И СРЕДА ОБИТАНИЯ - ЗНиСО / PUBLIC HEALTH AND LIFE ENVIRONMENT ◽

10.35627/2219-5238/2019-320-11-42-47 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 42-47 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M.A. Zemlianova ◽

I.V. Tikhonova

Keyword(s):

Respiratory Tract ◽

Respiratory Diseases ◽

Inflammatory Diseases ◽

Allergic Inflammation ◽

Respiratory Morbidity ◽

Upper Respiratory Tract ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Wide Range ◽

Chemical Factors ◽

Chronic Lymphoproliferative Diseases

Alumina refineries are among the leading sources of atmospheric air pollution with a wide range of pollutants hazardous to human respiratory organs. It is relevant to study and evaluate the occurrence of the risks for development of respiratory diseases in children living in the area affected by the emission components of an alumina refinery. We assessed air quality of the area under observation and comparison according to monitoring observations, risk of non-carcinogenic effects from the respiratory organs. The content of chemicals in the blood and urine adequate to risk factors was quantified. The structure of individual groups of respiratory diseases was analyzed. The causal relationships of violations of laboratory parameters with an increased content of chemicals in biological media were evaluated. It was found that an aerogenic exposure of chemical pollutants is formed on the territory with the production of metallurgical alumina. It determines the risk for development of respiratory diseases, exceeding an acceptable level up to 49.9 times. In the exposed children, the content of manganese, chromium, nickel, copper, xylenes, formaldehyde and aluminum, fluoride ion in the urine was increased to 4.2 times in relation to the indices in the comparison group. A high level of additional respiratory morbidity(1.8 times) was revealed. Chronic lymphoproliferative diseases of the nasopharynx and inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract (up to 6.6 times more often), inflammatory diseases with a predominance of the mechanism of allergic inflammation ( up to 2.1 times more often)are more often detected in the framework of the respiratory diseases. Negative effects on the part of the respiratory system in the form of activation of antioxidant processes, the development of an inflammatory reaction, local, general and specific sensitization of the respiratory tract were established. It confirms the occurrence of the risks for the development of respiratory diseases in children in the exposure area of the chemical factors of alumina refinery-associated economic activity.

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3 (2) Factorial Design Assisted Crushed Puffed Rice-HPMC-Chitosan based Hydrodynamically Balanced System of Metoprolol Succinate

Drug Delivery Letters ◽

10.2174/2210303110999200408122629 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 237-249

Author(s):

Shashank Soni ◽

Veerma Ram ◽

Anurag Verma

Keyword(s):

Drug Release ◽

Factorial Design ◽

Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose ◽

Batch Size ◽

Metoprolol Succinate ◽

Zero Order Kinetics ◽

Two Factors ◽

Puffed Rice ◽

Model Drug

Introduction: Hydrodynamically balanced system (HBS) possesses prolonged and continuous delivery of the drug to the gastrointestinal tract which improves the rate and extent of medications that have a narrow absorption window. The objective of this work was to develop a Hydrodynamically Balanced System (HBS) of Metoprolol Succinate (MS) as a model drug for sustained stomach specific delivery. Materials and Methods: Experimental batches were designed according to 3(2) Taguchi factorial design. A total of 9 batches were prepared for batch size 100 capsules each. Formulations were prepared by physically blending MS with polymers followed by encapsulation into hard gelatin capsule shell of size 0. Polymers used were Low Molecular Weight Chitosan (LMWCH), Crushed Puffed Rice (CPR), and Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose K15 M (HPMC K15M). Two factors used were buoyancy time (Y1) and time taken for 60% drug release (T60%; Y2). Results: The drug excipient interaction studies were performed by the thermal analysis method which depicts that no drug excipient interaction occurs. In vitro buoyancy studies and drug release studies revealed the efficacy of HBS to remain gastro retentive for a prolonged period and concurrently sustained the release of MS in highly acidic medium. All formulations followed zero-order kinetics. Conclusion: Developed HBS of MS with hydrogel-forming polymers could be an ideal delivery system for sustained stomach specific delivery and would be useful for the cardiac patients where the prolonged therapeutic action is required.

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Process of Work Disability: From Determinants of Sickness Absence Trajectories to Disability Retirement in A Long-Term Follow-Up of Municipal Employees

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18052614 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (5) ◽

pp. 2614

Author(s):

Päivi Leino-Arjas ◽

Jorma Seitsamo ◽

Clas-Håkan Nygård ◽

Prakash K.C. ◽

Subas Neupane

Keyword(s):

Working Conditions ◽

Work Disability ◽

Disability Pension ◽

Sleep Problems ◽

Respiratory Morbidity ◽

Multinomial Regression ◽

Permanent Disability ◽

Municipal Employees ◽

Exercise Effect ◽

Knowledge Intensive

Work disability may originate early during work history and involve sickness absences (SA) and eventually permanent disability. We studied this process over 15 years. Questionnaire data collected in 1981 on health, working conditions, and lifestyle of Finnish municipal employees aged 44–58 years (n = 6257) were linked with registers on SA (≥10 workdays), disability pension, and death from the period 1986–1995. Trajectory analysis was used to assess development in SA (days/year) over 5 years (1981–1985). We analyzed determinants of the trajectories with multinomial regression, while trajectory membership was used as a predictor of disability pension (DP) during the subsequent 10 years in survival analysis. Three SA trajectories emerged: increasing (women: 6.8%; men: 10.2%), moderate (21.2%; 22.7%), and low. In a mutually adjusted model, the increasing trajectory in women was associated with baseline musculoskeletal (MSD), mental and respiratory disorders, injuries, obesity, sleep problems, and low exercise (effect sizes OR > 2), and in men with MSD, sleep problems, smoking, low exercise, and non-satisfaction with management. The moderate trajectory associated with MSD, ‘other somatic disorders’, sleep problems, and awkward work postures in both genders; in women, also overweight, cardiovascular and respiratory morbidity, and (inversely) knowledge-intensive work, and in men, smoking and mental disorders were thus associated. Ten-year risks of DP contrasting increasing vs. low SA were more than 10-fold in both genders and contrasting moderate vs. low SA 3-fold in women and 2-fold in men. These findings emphasize the need for early identification of workers with short-term problems of work ability and interventions regarding lifestyle, health, and working conditions, to help prevent permanent disability.

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Spatio-temporal associations of air pollutant concentrations, GP respiratory consultations and respiratory inhaler prescriptions: a 5-year study of primary care in the borough of Lambeth, South London

Environmental Health ◽

10.1186/s12940-021-00730-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Mark Ashworth ◽

◽

Antonis Analitis ◽

David Whitney ◽

Evangelia Samoli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Primary Care ◽

Negative Binomial ◽

Hospital Admissions ◽

Air Pollutant ◽

Respiratory Morbidity ◽

Short Term ◽

Short Term Exposure ◽

Short And Long Term ◽

Spatio Temporal

Abstract Background Although the associations of outdoor air pollution exposure with mortality and hospital admissions are well established, few previous studies have reported on primary care clinical and prescribing data. We assessed the associations of short and long-term pollutant exposures with General Practitioner respiratory consultations and inhaler prescriptions. Methods Daily primary care data, for 2009–2013, were obtained from Lambeth DataNet (LDN), an anonymised dataset containing coded data from all patients (1.2 million) registered at general practices in Lambeth, an inner-city south London borough. Counts of respiratory consultations and inhaler prescriptions by day and Lower Super Output Area (LSOA) of residence were constructed. We developed models for predicting daily PM2.5, PM10, NO2 and O3 per LSOA. We used spatio-temporal mixed effects zero inflated negative binomial models to investigate the simultaneous short- and long-term effects of exposure to pollutants on the number of events. Results The mean concentrations of NO2, PM10, PM2.5 and O3 over the study period were 50.7, 21.2, 15.6, and 49.9 μg/m3 respectively, with all pollutants except NO2 having much larger temporal rather than spatial variability. Following short-term exposure increases to PM10, NO2 and PM2.5 the number of consultations and inhaler prescriptions were found to increase, especially for PM10 exposure in children which was associated with increases in daily respiratory consultations of 3.4% and inhaler prescriptions of 0.8%, per PM10 interquartile range (IQR) increase. Associations further increased after adjustment for weekly average exposures, rising to 6.1 and 1.2%, respectively, for weekly average PM10 exposure. In contrast, a short-term increase in O3 exposure was associated with decreased number of respiratory consultations. No association was found between long-term exposures to PM10, PM2.5 and NO2 and number of respiratory consultations. Long-term exposure to NO2 was associated with an increase (8%) in preventer inhaler prescriptions only. Conclusions We found increases in the daily number of GP respiratory consultations and inhaler prescriptions following short-term increases in exposure to NO2, PM10 and PM2.5. These associations are more pronounced in children and persist for at least a week. The association with long term exposure to NO2 and preventer inhaler prescriptions indicates likely increased chronic respiratory morbidity.

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